CI: Test development container

[theoniko]

• closes ENH: Test development container #48537
• Tests added and passed if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
• All code checks passed.
• Added type annotations to new arguments/methods/functions.
• Added an entry in the latest doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

[mroeschke]

Thanks for the pull request, but I am -0.5 on fully running the tests on the development container. We already run the test suite for other platforms on our CI which can take a while and the container is more of a development tool than a CI runner

[theoniko]

the pull request, but I am -0.5 on fully running the tests on the development container. We already run the test suite for other platforms on our CI which can take a while and the container is more of a development tool than a CI runner

I agree with you point. Feature description says "The Docker dev environment test should be that it passes at least tests ran in the test_fast.sh file.". In issue 48537, test_fast.sh was used but the file was deleted in #48958. Shall i close this pr or do you see an alternative?

[mroeschke]

I think we can close this PR and original issue as won't do.