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Simplify Chinese translation of Scala Tour: self-types.md #1205

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26 changes: 25 additions & 1 deletion _zh-cn/tour/self-types.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
layout: tour
title: Self-types
title: 自类型

discourse: false

Expand All @@ -13,3 +13,27 @@ language: zh-cn
next-page: implicit-parameters
previous-page: compound-types
---
自类型用于声明一个特质必须混入其他特质,尽管该特质没有直接扩展其他特质。 这使得所依赖的成员可以在没有导入的情况下使用。

自类型是一种细化 `this` 或 `this` 别名之类型的方法。 语法看起来像普通函数语法,但是意义完全不一样。

要在特质中使用自类型,写一个标识符,跟上要混入的另一个特质,以及 `=>`(例如 `someIdentifier: SomeOtherTrait =>`)。
```tut
trait User {
def username: String
}

trait Tweeter {
this: User => // 重新赋予 this 的类型
def tweet(tweetText: String) = println(s"$username: $tweetText")
}

class VerifiedTweeter(val username_ : String) extends Tweeter with User { // 我们混入特质 User 因为 Tweeter 需要
def username = s"real $username_"
}

val realBeyoncé = new VerifiedTweeter("Beyoncé")
realBeyoncé.tweet("Just spilled my glass of lemonade") // 打印出 "real Beyoncé: Just spilled my glass of lemonade"
```

因为我们在特质 `trait Tweeter` 中定义了 `this: User =>`,现在变量 `username` 可以在 `tweet` 方法内使用。 这也意味着,由于 `VerifiedTweeter` 继承了 `Tweeter`,它还必须混入 `User`(使用 `with User`)。