CoW: Fix deprecation warning for chained assignment

pandas/core/generic.py

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
     SettingWithCopyWarning,
     _chained_assignment_method_msg,
     _chained_assignment_warning_method_msg,
+    _check_cacher,
 )
 from pandas.util._decorators import (
     deprecate_nonkeyword_arguments,
@@ -7195,7 +7196,7 @@ def fillna(
             elif not PYPY and not using_copy_on_write():
                 ctr = sys.getrefcount(self)
                 ref_count = REF_COUNT
-                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and hasattr(self, "_cacher"):
+                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and _check_cacher(self):
                     # see https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/56060#discussion_r1399245221
                     ref_count += 1
                 if ctr <= ref_count:
@@ -7477,7 +7478,7 @@ def ffill(
             elif not PYPY and not using_copy_on_write():
                 ctr = sys.getrefcount(self)
                 ref_count = REF_COUNT
-                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and hasattr(self, "_cacher"):
+                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and _check_cacher(self):
                     # see https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/56060#discussion_r1399245221
                     ref_count += 1
                 if ctr <= ref_count:
@@ -7660,7 +7661,7 @@ def bfill(
             elif not PYPY and not using_copy_on_write():
                 ctr = sys.getrefcount(self)
                 ref_count = REF_COUNT
-                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and hasattr(self, "_cacher"):
+                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and _check_cacher(self):
                     # see https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/56060#discussion_r1399245221
                     ref_count += 1
                 if ctr <= ref_count:
@@ -7826,12 +7827,12 @@ def replace(
             elif not PYPY and not using_copy_on_write():
                 ctr = sys.getrefcount(self)
                 ref_count = REF_COUNT
-                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and hasattr(self, "_cacher"):
+                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and _check_cacher(self):
                     # in non-CoW mode, chained Series access will populate the
                     # `_item_cache` which results in an increased ref count not below
                     # the threshold, while we still need to warn. We detect this case
                     # of a Series derived from a DataFrame through the presence of
-                    # `_cacher`
+                    # checking the `_cacher`
                     ref_count += 1
                 if ctr <= ref_count:
                     warnings.warn(
@@ -8267,7 +8268,7 @@ def interpolate(
             elif not PYPY and not using_copy_on_write():
                 ctr = sys.getrefcount(self)
                 ref_count = REF_COUNT
-                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and hasattr(self, "_cacher"):
+                if isinstance(self, ABCSeries) and _check_cacher(self):
                     # see https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/56060#discussion_r1399245221
                     ref_count += 1
                 if ctr <= ref_count:

pandas/core/series.py

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
     _chained_assignment_method_msg,
     _chained_assignment_msg,
     _chained_assignment_warning_method_msg,
+    _check_cacher,
 )
 from pandas.util._decorators import (
     Appender,
@@ -3564,7 +3565,7 @@ def update(self, other: Series | Sequence | Mapping) -> None:
         elif not PYPY and not using_copy_on_write():
             ctr = sys.getrefcount(self)
             ref_count = REF_COUNT
-            if hasattr(self, "_cacher"):
+            if _check_cacher(self):
                 # see https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/56060#discussion_r1399245221
                 ref_count += 1
             if ctr <= ref_count:

pandas/errors/__init__.py

@@ -516,6 +516,24 @@ class ChainedAssignmentError(Warning):
 )
 
 
+def _check_cacher(obj):
+    # This is a mess, selection paths that return a view set the _cacher attribute
+    # on the Series; most of them also set _item_cache which adds 1 to our relevant
+    # reference count, but iloc does not, so we have to check if we are actually
+    # in the item cache
+    if hasattr(obj, "_cacher"):
+        parent = obj._cacher[1]()
+        # parent could be dead
+        if parent is None:
+            return False
+        if hasattr(parent, "_item_cache"):
+            if obj._cacher[0] in parent._item_cache:
+                # Check if we are actually the item from item_cache, iloc creates a
+                # new object
+                return obj is parent._item_cache[obj._cacher[0]]
+    return False
+
+
 class NumExprClobberingError(NameError):
     """
     Exception raised when trying to use a built-in numexpr name as a variable name.

pandas/tests/copy_view/test_chained_assignment_deprecation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import pytest
+
+from pandas import DataFrame
+import pandas._testing as tm
+
+
+def test_methods_iloc_warn(using_copy_on_write):
+    if not using_copy_on_write:
+        df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": 1})
+        with tm.assert_cow_warning(match="A value"):
+            df.iloc[:, 0].replace(1, 5, inplace=True)
+
+        with tm.assert_cow_warning(match="A value"):
+            df.iloc[:, 0].fillna(1, inplace=True)
+
+        with tm.assert_cow_warning(match="A value"):
+            df.iloc[:, 0].interpolate(inplace=True)
+
+        with tm.assert_cow_warning(match="A value"):
+            df.iloc[:, 0].ffill(inplace=True)
+
+        with tm.assert_cow_warning(match="A value"):
+            df.iloc[:, 0].bfill(inplace=True)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "func, args",
+    [
+        ("replace", (1, 5)),
+        ("fillna", (1,)),
+        ("interpolate", ()),
+        ("bfill", ()),
+        ("ffill", ()),
+    ],
+)
+def test_methods_iloc_getitem_item_cache(func, args, using_copy_on_write):
+    df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": 1})
+    ser = df.iloc[:, 0]
+    TODO(CoW-warn) should warn about updating a view
+    getattr(ser, func)(*args, inplace=True)
+
+    # parent that holds item_cache is dead, so don't increase ref count
+    ser = df.copy()["a"]
+    getattr(ser, func)(*args, inplace=True)
+
+    df = df.copy()
+
+    df["a"]  # populate the item_cache
+    ser = df.iloc[:, 0]  # iloc creates a new object
+    ser.fillna(0, inplace=True)
+
+    df["a"]  # populate the item_cache
+    ser = df["a"]
+    ser.fillna(0, inplace=True)
+
+    df = df.copy()
+    df["a"]  # populate the item_cache
+    if using_copy_on_write:
+        with tm.raises_chained_assignment_error():
+            df["a"].fillna(0, inplace=True)
+    else:
+        with tm.assert_cow_warning(match="A value"):
+            df["a"].fillna(0, inplace=True)

scripts/validate_unwanted_patterns.py

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
     "_chained_assignment_msg",
     "_chained_assignment_method_msg",
     "_chained_assignment_warning_method_msg",
+    "_check_cacher",
     "_version_meson",
     # The numba extensions need this to mock the iloc object
     "_iLocIndexer",