chore(ci): added lint-staged as pre-commit hook

[dreamorosi]

Description of your changes

As described in the linked issue, the current pre-commit hook was not linting & fixing issues on the staged files but instead was applying the fixes after the commit was made, thus defeating the purpose of the commit hook.

This PR, that fixes #1359, introduces a new developer dependency called lint-staged (7M+ downloads/mo) that helps run linting on staged files specifically. In addition to fixing the issue, this library also helps optimize the process by linting only the files/paths touched in the commit.

How to verify this change

Checkout the repo, run npm run init-environment, then make a change that would result in a fix (i.e. extra spaces or extra ;) and try making a commit.

Related issues, RFCs

Issue number: #1359

Checklist

• My changes meet the tenets criteria
• I have performed a self-review of my own code
• I have commented my code where necessary, particularly in areas that should be flagged with a TODO, or hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have made corresponding changes to the examples
• My changes generate no new warnings
• The code coverage hasn't decreased
• I have added tests that prove my change is effective and works
• New and existing unit tests pass locally and in Github Actions
• Any dependent changes have been merged and published
• The PR title follows the conventional commit semantics

Breaking change checklist

Is it a breaking change?: NO

• I have documented the migration process
• I have added, implemented necessary warnings (if it can live side by side)

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[am29d]

This is a fantastic addition to lint and fix our commits that improves day to day work in the long run ❤️.