Add Ideal Gas Law for physics

physics/ideal_gas_law.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""
+The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the
+equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation
+of the behavior of many gases under many conditions, although it has
+several limitations. It was first stated by Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron
+in 1834 as a combination of the empirical Boyle's law, Charles's law,
+Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law.[1] The ideal gas law is often written
+in an empirical form:
+ ------------
+ | PV = nRT |
+ ------------
+P	=	Pressure (Pa)
+V	=	Volume (m^3)
+n	=	Amount of substance (mol)
+R	=	Universal gas constant
+T	=	Absolute temperature (Kelvin)
+
+(Description adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law )
+"""
+
+UNIVERSAL_GAS_CONSTANT = 8.314462
+
+
+def pressure_of_gas_system(moles: float, kelvin: float, volume: float) -> float:
+    """
+    >>> pressure_of_gas_system(2, 100, 5)
+    332.57848
+    >>> pressure_of_gas_system(0.5, 273, 0.004)
+    283731.01575
+    """
+    if moles < 0 or kelvin < 0 or volume < 0:
+        raise Exception("Invalid inputs. Enter positive value.")
+    pressure: float = moles * kelvin * UNIVERSAL_GAS_CONSTANT / volume
+    return pressure
+
+
+def volume_of_gas_system(moles: float, kelvin: float, pressure: float) -> float:
+    """
+    >>> volume_of_gas_system(2, 100, 5)
+    332.57848
+    >>> volume_of_gas_system(0.5, 273, 0.004)
+    283731.01575
+    """
+    if moles < 0 or kelvin < 0 or pressure < 0:
+        raise Exception("Invalid inputs. Enter positive value.")
+    volume: float = moles * kelvin * UNIVERSAL_GAS_CONSTANT / pressure
+    return volume
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from doctest import testmod
+
+    testmod()
+
+    # Example 1
+    example_1_volume = 5
+    example_1_moles = 2
+    example_1_kelvin = 100
+    example_1_pressure = pressure_of_gas_system(
+        example_1_moles, example_1_kelvin, example_1_volume
+    )
+    print(
+        f"""Pressure(P) of a gas system with V = {example_1_volume} [m^3],
+        n = {example_1_moles} [mol], T = {example_1_kelvin} [K]:"""
+    )
+    print(f"{example_1_pressure} [Pa]")
+
+    print()
+
+    # Example 2
+    example_2_pressure = 0.004
+    example_2_moles = 0.5
+    example_2_kelvin = 273
+    examle_2_volume = volume_of_gas_system(
+        example_2_moles, example_2_kelvin, example_2_pressure
+    )
+    print(
+        f"""Volume(V) of a gas system with P = {example_2_pressure} [Pa],
+        n = {example_2_moles} [mol], T = {example_2_kelvin} [K]:"""
+    )
+    print(f"{examle_2_volume} [m^3]")