ENH: read_{csv,table} look for index columns in row after header with C engine

[mcwitt]

Closes #6893.

Currently the Python parser can read data with the index columns specified on the first line after the header, e.g.

In [3]: pd.__version__
Out[3]: '0.14.0-271-gf8b101c'

In [4]: text = """                      A       B       C       D        E
one two three   four
a   b   10.0032 5    -0.5109 -2.3358 -0.4645  0.05076  0.3640
a   q   20      4     0.4473  1.4152  0.2834  1.00661  0.1744
x   q   30      3    -0.6662 -0.5243 -0.3580  0.89145  2.5838"""

In [5]: pd.read_table(StringIO(text), sep='\s+', engine='python')
Out[5]: 
                           A       B       C        D       E
one two three   four                                         
a   b   10.0032 5    -0.5109 -2.3358 -0.4645  0.05076  0.3640
    q   20.0000 4     0.4473  1.4152  0.2834  1.00661  0.1744
x   q   30.0000 3    -0.6662 -0.5243 -0.3580  0.89145  2.5838

but the C parser fails:

In [6]: pd.read_table(StringIO(text), sep='\s+', engine='c')
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CParserError                              Traceback (most recent call last)
. . .
CParserError: Error tokenizing data. C error: Expected 5 fields in line 3, saw 9

This PR patches the C parser to enable this feature.

[mcwitt]

This is a bit hacky but it works. Unless expected_fields is set, the C parser discards lines with extra fields and raises a CParserError. Since we don't necessarily want to discard the 2nd data line if it has extra fields (but instead check whether header + 1st = 2nd) we can make the C parser look the other way by setting expected_fields.

[jreback]

@mcwitt thanks!