TST: Use pytest-localserver instead of making network connections

ci/deps/actions-310.yaml

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - boto3
 
   # required dependencies

ci/deps/actions-311-downstream_compat.yaml

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - boto3
 
   # required dependencies

ci/deps/actions-311.yaml

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - boto3
 
   # required dependencies

ci/deps/actions-39-minimum_versions.yaml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - boto3
 
   # required dependencies

ci/deps/actions-39.yaml

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - boto3
 
   # required dependencies

ci/deps/circle-310-arm64.yaml

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - boto3
 
   # required dependencies

doc/source/development/contributing_codebase.rst

@@ -613,22 +613,15 @@ Testing involving network connectivity
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 It is highly discouraged to add a test that connects to the internet due to flakiness of network connections and
-lack of ownership of the server that is being connected to. If network connectivity is absolutely required, use the
-``tm.network`` decorator.
+lack of ownership of the server that is being connected to. If network connectivity is absolutely required, mock
+the network connection using the ``httpserver`` fixture from the
+`pytest-localserver plugin. <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-localserver>`_
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    @tm.network   # noqa
-    def test_network():
-        result = package.call_to_internet()
-
-If the test requires data from a specific website, specify ``check_before_test=True`` and the site in the decorator.
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    @tm.network("https://www.somespecificsite.com", check_before_test=True)
-    def test_network():
-        result = pd.read_html("https://www.somespecificsite.com")
+    def test_network(httpserver):
+        httpserver.serve_content(content="content")
+        result = pd.read_html(httpserver.url)
 
 Example
 ^^^^^^^

environment.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ dependencies:
   - pytest-cov
   - pytest-xdist>=2.2.0
   - pytest-asyncio>=0.17.0
+  - pytest-localserver>=0.7.1
   - coverage
 
   # required dependencies

pandas/_testing/__init__.py

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@
 )
 from pandas._testing._io import (
     close,
-    network,
     round_trip_localpath,
     round_trip_pathlib,
     round_trip_pickle,
@@ -1150,7 +1149,6 @@ def shares_memory(left, right) -> bool:
     "makeUIntIndex",
     "maybe_produces_warning",
     "NARROW_NP_DTYPES",
-    "network",
     "NP_NAT_OBJECTS",
     "NULL_OBJECTS",
     "OBJECT_DTYPES",

pandas/_testing/_io.py

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import bz2
-from functools import wraps
 import gzip
 import io
-import socket
 import tarfile
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
@@ -20,8 +18,6 @@
 from pandas._testing._random import rands
 from pandas._testing.contexts import ensure_clean
 
-from pandas.io.common import urlopen
-
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pandas._typing import (
         FilePath,
@@ -33,255 +29,6 @@
         Series,
     )
 
-# skip tests on exceptions with these messages
-_network_error_messages = (
-    # 'urlopen error timed out',
-    # 'timeout: timed out',
-    # 'socket.timeout: timed out',
-    "timed out",
-    "Server Hangup",
-    "HTTP Error 503: Service Unavailable",
-    "502: Proxy Error",
-    "HTTP Error 502: internal error",
-    "HTTP Error 502",
-    "HTTP Error 503",
-    "HTTP Error 403",
-    "HTTP Error 400",
-    "Temporary failure in name resolution",
-    "Name or service not known",
-    "Connection refused",
-    "certificate verify",
-)
-
-# or this e.errno/e.reason.errno
-_network_errno_vals = (
-    101,  # Network is unreachable
-    111,  # Connection refused
-    110,  # Connection timed out
-    104,  # Connection reset Error
-    54,  # Connection reset by peer
-    60,  # urllib.error.URLError: [Errno 60] Connection timed out
-)
-
-# Both of the above shouldn't mask real issues such as 404's
-# or refused connections (changed DNS).
-# But some tests (test_data yahoo) contact incredibly flakey
-# servers.
-
-# and conditionally raise on exception types in _get_default_network_errors
-
-
-def _get_default_network_errors():
-    # Lazy import for http.client & urllib.error
-    # because it imports many things from the stdlib
-    import http.client
-    import urllib.error
-
-    return (
-        OSError,
-        http.client.HTTPException,
-        TimeoutError,
-        urllib.error.URLError,
-        socket.timeout,
-    )
-
-
-def optional_args(decorator):
-    """
-    allows a decorator to take optional positional and keyword arguments.
-    Assumes that taking a single, callable, positional argument means that
-    it is decorating a function, i.e. something like this::
-
-        @my_decorator
-        def function(): pass
-
-    Calls decorator with decorator(f, *args, **kwargs)
-    """
-
-    @wraps(decorator)
-    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
-        def dec(f):
-            return decorator(f, *args, **kwargs)
-
-        is_decorating = not kwargs and len(args) == 1 and callable(args[0])
-        if is_decorating:
-            f = args[0]
-            args = ()
-            return dec(f)
-        else:
-            return dec
-
-    return wrapper
-
-
-# error: Untyped decorator makes function "network" untyped
-@optional_args  # type: ignore[misc]
-def network(
-    t,
-    url: str = "https://www.google.com",
-    raise_on_error: bool = False,
-    check_before_test: bool = False,
-    error_classes=None,
-    skip_errnos=_network_errno_vals,
-    _skip_on_messages=_network_error_messages,
-):
-    """
-    Label a test as requiring network connection and, if an error is
-    encountered, only raise if it does not find a network connection.
-
-    In comparison to ``network``, this assumes an added contract to your test:
-    you must assert that, under normal conditions, your test will ONLY fail if
-    it does not have network connectivity.
-
-    You can call this in 3 ways: as a standard decorator, with keyword
-    arguments, or with a positional argument that is the url to check.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    t : callable
-        The test requiring network connectivity.
-    url : path
-        The url to test via ``pandas.io.common.urlopen`` to check
-        for connectivity. Defaults to 'https://www.google.com'.
-    raise_on_error : bool
-        If True, never catches errors.
-    check_before_test : bool
-        If True, checks connectivity before running the test case.
-    error_classes : tuple or Exception
-        error classes to ignore. If not in ``error_classes``, raises the error.
-        defaults to OSError. Be careful about changing the error classes here.
-    skip_errnos : iterable of int
-        Any exception that has .errno or .reason.erno set to one
-        of these values will be skipped with an appropriate
-        message.
-    _skip_on_messages: iterable of string
-        any exception e for which one of the strings is
-        a substring of str(e) will be skipped with an appropriate
-        message. Intended to suppress errors where an errno isn't available.
-
-    Notes
-    -----
-    * ``raise_on_error`` supersedes ``check_before_test``
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    t : callable
-        The decorated test ``t``, with checks for connectivity errors.
-
-    Example
-    -------
-
-    Tests decorated with @network will fail if it's possible to make a network
-    connection to another URL (defaults to google.com)::
-
-      >>> from pandas import _testing as tm
-      >>> @tm.network
-      ... def test_network():
-      ...     with pd.io.common.urlopen("rabbit://bonanza.com"):
-      ...         pass
-      >>> test_network()  # doctest: +SKIP
-      Traceback
-         ...
-      URLError: <urlopen error unknown url type: rabbit>
-
-      You can specify alternative URLs::
-
-        >>> @tm.network("https://www.yahoo.com")
-        ... def test_something_with_yahoo():
-        ...    raise OSError("Failure Message")
-        >>> test_something_with_yahoo()  # doctest: +SKIP
-        Traceback (most recent call last):
-            ...
-        OSError: Failure Message
-
-    If you set check_before_test, it will check the url first and not run the
-    test on failure::
-
-        >>> @tm.network("failing://url.blaher", check_before_test=True)
-        ... def test_something():
-        ...     print("I ran!")
-        ...     raise ValueError("Failure")
-        >>> test_something()  # doctest: +SKIP
-        Traceback (most recent call last):
-            ...
-
-    Errors not related to networking will always be raised.
-    """
-    import pytest
-
-    if error_classes is None:
-        error_classes = _get_default_network_errors()
-
-    t.network = True
-
-    @wraps(t)
-    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
-        if (
-            check_before_test
-            and not raise_on_error
-            and not can_connect(url, error_classes)
-        ):
-            pytest.skip(
-                f"May not have network connectivity because cannot connect to {url}"
-            )
-        try:
-            return t(*args, **kwargs)
-        except Exception as err:
-            errno = getattr(err, "errno", None)
-            if not errno and hasattr(errno, "reason"):
-                # error: "Exception" has no attribute "reason"
-                errno = getattr(err.reason, "errno", None)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-
-            if errno in skip_errnos:
-                pytest.skip(f"Skipping test due to known errno and error {err}")
-
-            e_str = str(err)
-
-            if any(m.lower() in e_str.lower() for m in _skip_on_messages):
-                pytest.skip(
-                    f"Skipping test because exception message is known and error {err}"
-                )
-
-            if not isinstance(err, error_classes) or raise_on_error:
-                raise
-            pytest.skip(f"Skipping test due to lack of connectivity and error {err}")
-
-    return wrapper
-
-
-def can_connect(url, error_classes=None) -> bool:
-    """
-    Try to connect to the given url. True if succeeds, False if OSError
-    raised
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    url : basestring
-        The URL to try to connect to
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    connectable : bool
-        Return True if no OSError (unable to connect) or URLError (bad url) was
-        raised
-    """
-    if error_classes is None:
-        error_classes = _get_default_network_errors()
-
-    try:
-        with urlopen(url, timeout=20) as response:
-            # Timeout just in case rate-limiting is applied
-            if (
-                response.info().get("Content-type") == "text/html"
-                and response.status != 200
-            ):
-                return False
-    except error_classes:
-        return False
-    else:
-        return True
-
-
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 # File-IO