ENH: Add use_nullable_dtypes to to_numeric

[phofl]

• closes ENH: Cast string dtype to nullable numeric types in to_numeric #37294 (Replace xxxx with the GitHub issue number)
• Tests added and passed if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
• All code checks passed.
• Added type annotations to new arguments/methods/functions.
• Added an entry in the latest doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

I think to_numeric should be able to return nullable dtypes as well, similar to our I/O functions

[mroeschke]

1. Could you add tests that exercises the errors keyword argument?

[phofl]

Thx, this found a couple of bugs

[jorisvandenbossche]

Can you add a test where use_nullable_dtype=True is specified but the input already is a nullable array?

[jorisvandenbossche]

Suggested change

	if mask is None:
	mask = new_mask
	if mask is None:
	mask = new_mask
	else:
	mask = mask.copy()

and then remove the .copy() below when constructing the array (right now the mask is always copied, but assuming this newly generated mask doesn't need that)

[phofl]

DOne

[phofl]

Added a test and found a problem for BooleanArray

[phofl]

Merging for now, happy to address additional comments in a follow up