ENH/BUG: implement __iter__ for IntegerArray so conversions (to_dict, tolist, etc.) return python native types

pandas/core/arrays/masked.py

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ def __iter__(self):
             if self._mask[i]:
                 yield self.dtype.na_value
             else:
-                yield self._data[i]
+                yield self._data[i].item()
 
     def __len__(self) -> int:
         return len(self._data)

pandas/tests/arrays/boolean/test_astype.py

@@ -51,3 +51,18 @@ def test_astype_to_integer_array():
     result = arr.astype("Int64")
     expected = pd.array([1, 0, None], dtype="Int64")
     tm.assert_extension_array_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "func",
+    [
+        lambda s: s.tolist()[0],
+        lambda s: s.to_dict()[0],
+        lambda s: list(s.iteritems())[0][1],
+        lambda s: list(iter(s))[0],
+    ],
+)
+def test_conversion_methods_return_type_is_native(func):
+    # GH 29738
+    s = pd.Series([True, False], dtype="boolean")
+    assert isinstance(func(s), bool)

pandas/tests/arrays/floating/test_astype.py

@@ -118,3 +118,19 @@ def test_astype_object(dtype):
     # check exact element types
     assert isinstance(result[0], float)
     assert result[1] is pd.NA
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "func",
+    [
+        lambda s: s.tolist()[0],
+        lambda s: s.to_dict()[0],
+        lambda s: list(s.iteritems())[0][1],
+        lambda s: list(iter(s))[0],
+    ],
+)
+def test_conversion_methods_return_type_is_native(float_ea_dtype, func):
+    # GH 29738
+    dtype = float_ea_dtype
+    s = pd.Series([1, 2], dtype=dtype)
+    assert isinstance(func(s), float)

pandas/tests/arrays/integer/test_dtypes.py

@@ -294,3 +294,32 @@ def test_astype_boolean():
     result = a.astype("boolean")
     expected = pd.array([True, False, True, True, None], dtype="boolean")
     tm.assert_extension_array_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "func",
+    [
+        lambda s: s.tolist()[0],
+        lambda s: s.to_dict()[0],
+        lambda s: list(s.iteritems())[0][1],
+        lambda s: list(iter(s))[0],
+    ],
+)
+def test_conversion_methods_return_type_is_native(any_nullable_int_dtype, func):
+    # GH 29738
+    dtype = any_nullable_int_dtype
+    s = pd.Series([1, 2], dtype=dtype)
+    assert isinstance(func(s), int)
+
+
+def test_conversion_to_dict_oriented_record_returns_native(any_nullable_int_dtype):
+    # GH 34665
+
+    df = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, None]})
+    df["A"] = df["A"].astype("Int64")
+    records_as_dicts = df.to_dict(orient="records")
+    expected = [{"A": 1}, {"A": pd.NA}]
+
+    assert records_as_dicts == expected
+    assert type(records_as_dicts[0]["A"]) is int
+    assert type(records_as_dicts[1]["A"]) is pd._libs.missing.NAType