BUG: interchange protocol with nullable datatypes a non-null validity provides nonsense results

[MarcoGorelli]

Pandas version checks

• I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

import pyarrow.interchange as pai
import pandas as pd
import polars as pl

data = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "b1": pd.Series([1, 2, None], dtype='Int64'),
    }
)
print(pd.api.interchange.from_dataframe(data.__dataframe__()))
print(pai.from_dataframe(data))
print(pl.from_dataframe(data))

Issue Description

Result:

                    b1
0  4607182418800017408
1  4611686018427387904
2  9221120237041090560
pyarrow.Table
b1: int64
----
b1: [[4607182418800017408,4611686018427387904,9221120237041090560]]
shape: (3, 1)
┌─────────────────────┐
│ b1                  │
│ ---                 │
│ i64                 │
╞═════════════════════╡
│ 4607182418800017408 │
│ 4611686018427387904 │
│ 9221120237041090560 │
└─────────────────────┘

Expected Behavior

[1, 2, None]

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : 92a52e2
python : 3.10.12.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Linux
OS-release : 5.15.133.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2
Version : #1 SMP Thu Oct 5 21:02:42 UTC 2023
machine : x86_64
processor : x86_64
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : C.UTF-8
LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8

pandas : 3.0.0.dev0+355.g92a52e2315
numpy : 1.26.4
pytz : 2024.1
dateutil : 2.8.2
setuptools : 59.6.0
pip : 24.0
Cython : 3.0.8
pytest : 8.0.0
hypothesis : 6.98.6
sphinx : 7.2.6
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : 3.1.9
lxml.etree : 5.1.0
html5lib : 1.1
pymysql : 1.4.6
psycopg2 : 2.9.9
jinja2 : 3.1.3
IPython : 8.21.0
pandas_datareader : None
adbc-driver-postgresql: None
adbc-driver-sqlite : None
bs4 : 4.12.3
bottleneck : 1.3.7
fastparquet : 2024.2.0
fsspec : 2024.2.0
gcsfs : 2024.2.0
matplotlib : 3.8.3
numba : 0.59.0
numexpr : 2.9.0
odfpy : None
openpyxl : 3.1.2
pyarrow : 15.0.0
pyreadstat : 1.2.6
python-calamine : None
pyxlsb : 1.0.10
s3fs : 2024.2.0
scipy : 1.12.0
sqlalchemy : 2.0.27
tables : 3.9.2
tabulate : 0.9.0
xarray : 2024.1.1
xlrd : 2.0.1
zstandard : 0.22.0
tzdata : 2024.1
qtpy : 2.4.1
pyqt5 : None

[MarcoGorelli]

this issue is here

pandas/pandas/core/interchange/column.py

Line 301 in 5f87a2d

np_arr = self._col.to_numpy()

The other issue is

pandas/pandas/core/interchange/column.py

Lines 191 to 199 in 5f87a2d

	@property
	def describe_null(self):
	kind = self.dtype[0]
	try:
	null, value = _NULL_DESCRIPTION[kind]
	except KeyError as err:
	raise NotImplementedError(f"Data type {kind} not yet supported") from err
	return null, value

[MarcoGorelli]

same with 'Int64[pyarrow]'