BUG: Series.argsort() fails with datetime64[ns] with NaT / dtypes are odd

[jreback]

pretty simple fix though, just need to make sure that the result array
is typed float64 (to accomodate the nans) or int64 (if no nans)

(rather than the same as input type)
(which could give weird results in some cases), e.g. you wouldn't
want a float array back just because you fed it nans....

heres the inspiration question
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15207279/return-sorted-indexes-skipping-nan-values-in-pandas

In [29]: s = pd.Series([pd.Timestamp('201301%02d'% (i+1)) for i in range(5)])

In [30]: s
Out[30]: 
0   2013-01-01 00:00:00
1   2013-01-02 00:00:00
2   2013-01-03 00:00:00
3   2013-01-04 00:00:00
4   2013-01-05 00:00:00
dtype: datetime64[ns]

In [31]: s.argsort()
Out[31]: 
0    0
1    1
2    2
3    3
4    4
dtype: int64

In [32]: s.shift().argsort()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-32-61a586f08c06> in <module>()
----> 1 s.shift().argsort()

/mnt/home/jreback/pandas/pandas/core/series.pyc in argsort(self, axis, kind, order)
   2119             result = values.copy()
   2120             notmask = -mask
-> 2121             result[notmask] = np.argsort(values[notmask], kind=kind)
   2122             return Series(result, index=self.index, name=self.name)
   2123         else:

TypeError: array cannot be safely cast to required type

[jreback]

could also put -1 in the places where NaN/NaT are....so could always return an int64 Series, but is that weird?
we do this (put -1) with idxmin/max so maybe not so weird....

@wesm @changhiskhan

?

[hayd]

I don't think we got this error in 10.1:

In [6]: s.shift().argsort()
Out[6]: 
0    NaN
1      0
2      1
3      2
4      3

In [7]: s.shift().argsort().dtype
Out[7]: dtype('object')

[jreback]

yep...but in 0.10.1 the dtype of the series is itself wrong (its object)
so s.shift(1) 'works'

easy fix any how..

In [2]: s = pd.Series([pd.Timestamp('201301%02d'% (i+1)) for i in range(5)])

In [3]: s
Out[3]: 
0    2013-01-01 00:00:00
1    2013-01-02 00:00:00
2    2013-01-03 00:00:00
3    2013-01-04 00:00:00
4    2013-01-05 00:00:00

In [4]: s.dtype
Out[4]: dtype('object')

In [5]: s.shift(1).dtype
Out[5]: dtype('object')

In [6]: s.shift(1).argsort()
Out[6]: 
0    NaN
1      0
2      1
3      2
4      3