DOC: make scripts/validate_docstrings.py GL01 GL02 be able to exclude a list of known docstrings to ignore

[dcreekp]

Problem description

We want this script to return zero errors:

$ ./scripts/validate_docstrings.py --prefix=pandas.Time --errors=GL01,GL02

to add GL01 and GL02 to the continuous integration checks.
However the remaining errors are caused by docstrings that are inherited from dependencies. Specifically, cpython's datetime module which we do not want to touch.

from trying to fix this issue

Expected Output

For the above script to return zero errors.

[mroeschke]

Closing as a duplicate of #25324