Don't overwrite libc in distroless debian base image

[pwschuurman]

What type of PR is this?

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/kind api-change
/kind bug
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What this PR does / why we need it:
In our Dockerfile, we copy over some libraries from gke.gcr.io/debian-base:bookworm- to a gcr.io/distroless/base-debian12 base. Currently this overwrites libc.so.6, which already exists in gcr.io/distroless/base-debian12. This can lead to ABI incompatibilities between ld-linux (which is in base-debian) and the overwritten libc library. At the moment the ARM64 Docker image is broken when running applications that depend on libc. The following error can be seen:

docker run --entrypoint /bin/bash -it  bd99abeb3efc --
/bin/bash: error while loading shared libraries: __kernel_gettimeofday: invalid mode for dlopen(): Invalid argument

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #1882

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

Fix shared library loading runtime error

[pwschuurman]

/assign @saikat-royc

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: pwschuurman, saikat-royc

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[saikat-royc]

/lgtm

[pwschuurman]

/cherrypick release-1.15

[k8s-infra-cherrypick-robot]

@pwschuurman: new pull request created: #1884

In response to this:

/cherrypick release-1.15

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[pwschuurman]

/cherrypick release-1.14

[k8s-infra-cherrypick-robot]

@pwschuurman: new pull request created: #1885

In response to this:

/cherrypick release-1.14

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[pwschuurman]

/cherrypick release-1.14-experimental

[k8s-infra-cherrypick-robot]

@pwschuurman: new pull request created: #1907

In response to this:

/cherrypick release-1.14-experimental

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