[scrubber] Scrub URLs in log messages

[corneliusludmann]

Description

This PR scrubs URLs in log messages to fix CLC-1018.

Related Issue(s)

Fixes https://linear.app/gitpod/issue/CLC-1018/scrubbing-cloneurl-in-telemetry-data

How to test

Tested it with running the new test cases.

How can we test it end to end?

Preview status

Gitpod was successfully deployed to your preview environment.

• 🏷️ Name - clu-scrub-urls
• 🔗 URL - clu-scrub-urls.preview.gitpod-dev.com/workspaces.
• 📚 Documentation - See our internal documentation for information on how to interact with your preview environment.
• 📦 Version - clu-scrub-urls-gha.32842
• 🗒️ Logs - GCP Logs Explorer

Build Options

Build

• /werft with-werft
  Run the build with werft instead of GHA
• leeway-no-cache
• /werft no-test
  Run Leeway with --dont-test

Publish

• /werft publish-to-npm
• /werft publish-to-jb-marketplace

Installer

• analytics=segment
• with-dedicated-emulation
• workspace-feature-flags
  Add desired feature flags to the end of the line above, space separated

Preview Environment / Integration Tests

• /werft with-local-preview
  If enabled this will build install/preview
• /werft with-preview
• /werft with-large-vm
• /werft with-gce-vm
  If enabled this will create the environment on GCE infra
• /werft preemptible
  Saves cost. Untick this only if you're really sure you need a non-preemtible machine.
• with-integration-tests=all
  Valid options are all, workspace, webapp, ide, jetbrains, vscode, ssh. If enabled, with-preview and with-large-vm will be enabled.
• with-monitoring

/hold

[geropl]

Code LGTM, so rubber-stamp ✔️

As you mentioned, we should double check the output + do a quick smoke test 👍