feat: add no-property-in-node rule

configs/recommended-type-checked.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const mod = require('../lib/index.js');
+
+module.exports = {
+  plugins: { 'eslint-plugin': mod },
+  rules: mod.configs['recommended-type-checked'].rules,
+};

docs/rules/consistent-output.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Enforce consistent use of `output` assertions in rule tests (`eslint-plugin/consistent-output`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/fixer-return.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Require fixer functions to return a fix (`eslint-plugin/fixer-return`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/no-deprecated-context-methods.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow usage of deprecated methods on rule context objects (`eslint-plugin/no-deprecated-context-methods`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/no-deprecated-report-api.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow the version of `context.report()` with multiple arguments (`eslint-plugin/no-deprecated-report-api`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/no-identical-tests.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow identical tests (`eslint-plugin/no-identical-tests`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/no-missing-message-ids.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow `messageId`s that are missing from `meta.messages` (`eslint-plugin/no-missing-message-ids`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/no-missing-placeholders.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow missing placeholders in rule report messages (`eslint-plugin/no-missing-placeholders`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/no-only-tests.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow the test case property `only` (`eslint-plugin/no-only-tests`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 💡 This rule is manually fixable by [editor suggestions](https://eslint.org/docs/developer-guide/working-with-rules#providing-suggestions).
 

docs/rules/no-property-in-node.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Disallow using `in` to narrow node types instead of looking at properties (`eslint-plugin/no-property-in-node`)
+
+💼 This rule is enabled in the `recommended-type-checked` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+
+💭 This rule requires type information.
+
+<!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
+
+When working with a node of type `ESTree.Node` or `TSESTree.Node`, it can be tempting to use the `'in'` operator to narrow the node's type.
+`'in'` narrowing is susceptible to confusing behavior from quirks of ASTs, such as node properties sometimes being omitted from nodes and other times explicitly being set to `null` or `undefined`.
+
+Using direct property checks is generally considered preferable.
+
+## Rule Details
+
+Examples of **incorrect** code for this rule:
+
+```ts
+/* eslint eslint-plugin/no-property-in-node: error */
+
+declare const node: TSESTree.Parameter;
+
+if ('optional' in node) {
+  node.optional;
+}
+```
+
+Examples of **correct** code for this rule:
+
+```ts
+/* eslint eslint-plugin/no-property-in-node: error */
+
+declare const node: TSESTree.Parameter;
+
+if (node.type !== TSESTree.AST_NODE_TYPES.TSParameterProperty) {
+  node.optional;
+}
+```

docs/rules/no-unused-message-ids.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow unused `messageId`s in `meta.messages` (`eslint-plugin/no-unused-message-ids`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/no-unused-placeholders.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow unused placeholders in rule report messages (`eslint-plugin/no-unused-placeholders`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/no-useless-token-range.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow unnecessary calls to `sourceCode.getFirstToken()` and `sourceCode.getLastToken()` (`eslint-plugin/no-useless-token-range`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/prefer-message-ids.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Require using `messageId` instead of `message` or `desc` to report rule violations (`eslint-plugin/prefer-message-ids`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/prefer-object-rule.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow function-style rules (`eslint-plugin/prefer-object-rule`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/prefer-output-null.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Disallow invalid RuleTester test cases where the `output` matches the `code` (`eslint-plugin/prefer-output-null`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/require-meta-fixable.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Require rules to implement a `meta.fixable` property (`eslint-plugin/require-meta-fixable`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

docs/rules/require-meta-has-suggestions.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Require suggestable rules to implement a `meta.hasSuggestions` property (`eslint-plugin/require-meta-has-suggestions`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
 

docs/rules/require-meta-schema.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Require rules to implement a `meta.schema` property (`eslint-plugin/require-meta-schema`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 💡 This rule is manually fixable by [editor suggestions](https://eslint.org/docs/developer-guide/working-with-rules#providing-suggestions).
 

docs/rules/require-meta-type.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Require rules to implement a `meta.type` property (`eslint-plugin/require-meta-type`)
 
-💼 This rule is enabled in the ✅ `recommended` [config](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets).
+💼 This rule is enabled in the following [configs](https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#presets): ✅ `recommended`, `recommended-type-checked`.
 
 <!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
 

lib/index.js

@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ const PLUGIN_NAME = packageMetadata.name.replace(/^eslint-plugin-/, '');
 
 const configFilters = {
   all: () => true,
-  recommended: (rule) => rule.meta.docs.recommended,
+  recommended: (rule) =>
+    rule.meta.docs.recommended && !rule.meta.docs.requiresTypeChecking,
+  'recommended-type-checked': (rule) => rule.meta.docs.recommended,
   rules: (rule) => rule.meta.docs.category === 'Rules',
   tests: (rule) => rule.meta.docs.category === 'Tests',
   'rules-recommended': (rule) =>

lib/rules/no-property-in-node.js

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const { ESLintUtils } = require('@typescript-eslint/utils');
+const tsutils = require('ts-api-utils');
+
+const typedNodeSourceFileTesters = [
+  /@types[/\\]estree[/\\]index\.d\.ts/,
+  /@typescript-eslint[/\\]types[/\\]dist[/\\]generated[/\\]ast-spec\.d\.ts/,
+];
+
+/**
+ * @param {import('typescript').Type} type
+ * @returns Whether the type seems to include a known ESTree or TSESTree AST node.
+ */
+function isAstNodeType(type) {
+  return tsutils
+    .typeParts(type)
+    .flatMap((typePart) => typePart.symbol?.declarations ?? [])
+    .some((declaration) => {
+      const fileName = declaration.getSourceFile().fileName;
+      return (
+        fileName &&
+        typedNodeSourceFileTesters.some((tester) => tester.test(fileName))
+      );
+    });
+}
+
+/** @type {import('eslint').Rule.RuleModule} */
+module.exports = {
+  meta: {
+    type: 'suggestion',
+    docs: {
+      description:
+        'disallow using `in` to narrow node types instead of looking at properties',
+      category: 'Rules',
+      recommended: true,
+      requiresTypeChecking: true,
+      url: 'https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin/tree/HEAD/docs/rules/no-property-in-node.md',
+    },
+    schema: [],
+    messages: {
+      in: 'Prefer checking specific node properties instead of a broad `in`.',
+    },
+  },
+
+  create(context) {
+    return {
+      'BinaryExpression[operator=in]'(node) {
+        const services = ESLintUtils.getParserServices(context);
+        const type = services.getTypeAtLocation(node.right);
+
+        if (isAstNodeType(type)) {
+          context.report({ messageId: 'in', node });
+        }
+      },
+    };
+  },
+};

package.json

@@ -40,8 +40,10 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin#readme",
   "dependencies": {
+    "@typescript-eslint/utils": "^6.20.0",
     "eslint-utils": "^3.0.0",
-    "estraverse": "^5.3.0"
+    "estraverse": "^5.3.0",
+    "ts-api-utils": "^1.2.0"
   },
   "nyc": {
     "branches": 94,
@@ -55,7 +57,10 @@
     "@eslint/eslintrc": "^2.0.2",
     "@eslint/js": "^8.37.0",
     "@release-it/conventional-changelog": "^4.3.0",
-    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^5.36.2",
+    "@types/eslint": "^8.56.2",
+    "@types/estree": "^1.0.5",
+    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^6.20.0",
+    "@typescript-eslint/rule-tester": "^6.20.0",
     "chai": "^4.3.6",
     "dirty-chai": "^2.0.1",
     "eslint": "^8.23.0",

tests/lib/rules/fixtures/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "moduleResolution": "NodeNext"
+  }
+}