Update CBMC version to 5.52.0

[NlightNFotis]

• Each commit message has a non-empty body, explaining why the change was made.
• Methods or procedures I have added are documented, following the guidelines provided in CODING_STANDARD.md.
• The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
• Regression or unit tests are included, or existing tests cover the modified code (in this case I have detailed which ones those are in the commit message).
• My commit message includes data points confirming performance improvements (if claimed).
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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #6706 (6594cbb) into develop (e244103) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #6706   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    77.14%   77.15%           
========================================
  Files         1582     1582           
  Lines       182623   182628    +5     
========================================
+ Hits        140892   140900    +8     
+ Misses       41731    41728    -3     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/goto-programs/goto_convert.cpp	92.33% <ø> (-0.01%)	⬇️
...ncremental/smt2_incremental_decision_procedure.cpp	94.01% <100.00%> (+0.22%)	⬆️
src/util/signal_catcher.cpp	96.15% <0.00%> (+11.53%)	⬆️

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