C library: add __lzcnt (Visual Studio) and test it

[tautschnig]

We already had an implementation of counting leading zeros (GCC's
built-in __builtin_clz), but didn't yet have the Visual Studio version
thereof. Expand the existing clz test to test the Visual Studio version.

• Each commit message has a non-empty body, explaining why the change was made.
• n/a Methods or procedures I have added are documented, following the guidelines provided in CODING_STANDARD.md.
• n/a The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
• Regression or unit tests are included, or existing tests cover the modified code (in this case I have detailed which ones those are in the commit message).
• n/a My commit message includes data points confirming performance improvements (if claimed).
• My PR is restricted to a single feature or bugfix.
• n/a White-space or formatting changes outside the feature-related changed lines are in commits of their own.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #5725 (95d698b) into develop (36fa6f4) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #5725   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    69.51%   69.51%           
========================================
  Files         1243     1243           
  Lines       100701   100701           
========================================
  Hits         70000    70000           
  Misses       30701    30701           

Flag	Coverage Δ
cproversmt2	43.28% <ø> (ø)
regression	66.40% <ø> (ø)
unit	32.25% <ø> (ø)

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