Added Python Program to Check Perfect Number

maths/perfect_number.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+"""
+== Perfect Number ==
+In number theory, a perfect number is a positive integer
+that is equal to the sum of its positive divisors, excluding
+the number itself.
+For 6 ==> divisors[1, 2, 3, 6]
+Excluding 6 sum(divisors) = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
+So, 6 is a Perfect Number
+
+Other examples of Perfect Numbers: 28, 486, ...
+
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_number
+"""
+
+
+def perfect(number: int) -> bool:
+    divisors = []
+    for i in range(1, ((number // 2) + 1)):
+        """
+                starting from 1 as division by 0
+                will raise error.
+                A number at most can be divisible
+                by the half of the number except
+                the number itself
+                6 at most can be divisible by 3
+                except 6 itself
+        """
+
+        """
+                >>> perfect(27)
+                False
+                >>> perfect(28)
+                True
+                >>> perfect(29)
+                False
+        """
+
+        if (number % i) == 0:
+            divisors.append(i)
+
+    if sum(divisors) == number:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("Program to check whether a number is a Perfect number or not.......")
+    number = int(input("Enter number: "))
+    print(f"{number} is {'' if perfect(number) else 'not'} a Perfect Number.")