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Add Algorithm to Compute Sum of Squares for Binary Sequence Without Three Consecutive Ones #12059

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UTSAVS26
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Describe your change:

This PR introduces a new algorithm that calculates the sum of squares for indices where the corresponding integer (in the sequence of positive integers without three consecutive ones in their binary representation) is odd. The algorithm uses dynamic programming with matrix exponentiation for efficient computation, particularly for large inputs like ( N = 10^{16} ), and includes modular arithmetic to return the result modulo ( 10^9 + 7 ).

  • Add an algorithm?
  • Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
  • Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
  • Documentation change?

Checklist:

  • I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
  • This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
  • I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
  • This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
  • All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
  • All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
  • All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
  • All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
  • All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
  • All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
  • If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added require descriptive names This PR needs descriptive function and/or variable names require tests Tests [doctest/unittest/pytest] are required require type hints https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html labels Oct 14, 2024
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# Initialize population
self.population = self.initialize_population()

def initialize_population(self) -> list[np.ndarray]:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file genetic_algorithm/genetic_algorithm_optimization.py, please provide doctest for the function initialize_population

for _ in range(self.population_size)
]

def fitness(self, individual: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file genetic_algorithm/genetic_algorithm_optimization.py, please provide doctest for the function fitness

value = float(self.function(*individual)) # Ensure fitness is a float
return value if self.maximize else -value # If minimizing, invert the fitness

def select_parents(

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file genetic_algorithm/genetic_algorithm_optimization.py, please provide doctest for the function select_parents

)
)

def evolve(self, verbose=True) -> np.ndarray:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file genetic_algorithm/genetic_algorithm_optimization.py, please provide doctest for the function evolve

Please provide type hint for the parameter: verbose

MOD = 10**9 + 7


def matrix_mult(a, b, mod=MOD):

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file project_euler/problem_912/sol1.py, please provide doctest for the function matrix_mult

Please provide return type hint for the function: matrix_mult. If the function does not return a value, please provide the type hint as: def function() -> None:

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: a

Please provide type hint for the parameter: a

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: b

Please provide type hint for the parameter: b

Please provide type hint for the parameter: mod

]


def matrix_pow(mat, exp, mod=MOD):

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file project_euler/problem_912/sol1.py, please provide doctest for the function matrix_pow

Please provide return type hint for the function: matrix_pow. If the function does not return a value, please provide the type hint as: def function() -> None:

Please provide type hint for the parameter: mat

Please provide type hint for the parameter: exp

Please provide type hint for the parameter: mod

return res


def fib_like_sequence(n, mod=MOD):

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file project_euler/problem_912/sol1.py, please provide doctest for the function fib_like_sequence

Please provide return type hint for the function: fib_like_sequence. If the function does not return a value, please provide the type hint as: def function() -> None:

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

Please provide type hint for the parameter: n

Please provide type hint for the parameter: mod

return result[0][0] # This gives the n-th Fibonacci-like term


def calculate_sum_of_squares(limit):

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file project_euler/problem_912/sol1.py, please provide doctest for the function calculate_sum_of_squares

Please provide return type hint for the function: calculate_sum_of_squares. If the function does not return a value, please provide the type hint as: def function() -> None:

Please provide type hint for the parameter: limit

return total_sum


def solution(limit=10**16):

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file project_euler/problem_912/sol1.py, please provide doctest for the function solution

Please provide return type hint for the function: solution. If the function does not return a value, please provide the type hint as: def function() -> None:

Please provide type hint for the parameter: limit

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added the awaiting reviews This PR is ready to be reviewed label Oct 14, 2024
@UTSAVS26 UTSAVS26 closed this Oct 14, 2024
@UTSAVS26 UTSAVS26 deleted the feature/project-euler/problem-912 branch October 14, 2024 10:28
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