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Cosine Similarity Algorithm | Machine Learning #11536

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Cosine Similarity Algorithm

Overview

Introduces a New Implementation of the Cosine Similarity Algorithm in the Cosine_Similarity class. Cosine Similarity is a widely used metric in Natural Language Processing and Information retrieval to measure the similarity between two texts based on their Vector Representations.

Key Features

  • Vector Representation: Utilizes SpaCy's pre-trained Word Embeddings to convert text into Vectors.
  • Tokenization: Breaks down input text into lowercased tokens, excluding punctuation.
  • Vectorization: Converts tokens into their corresponding vectors using SpaCy's embeddings.
  • Mean Vector Calculation: Computes the Mean Vector for a set of Word Vectors to represent the overall text.
  • Cosine Similarity Calculation: Measures the cosine of the angle between two vectors, providing a Similarity Score ranging from -1 to 1.
  • Cosine Similarity Percentage: Outputs the similarity score as a percentage, facilitating easier interpretation.

Mathematical Foundation

  • Dot Product: Measures the Degree of Alignment between two Vectors.

  • Magnitude (Norm): Computes the length of a Vector.

  • Cosine Similarity Formula:

     Cosine Similarity = (Dot Product) / (Magnitude_1 * Magnitude_2)
    

    where the result is normalized to lie between -1 and 1, with 1 indicating identical vectors, 0 indicating orthogonal vectors, and -1 indicating completely dissimilar vectors.

Usage

The Cosine_Similarity class provides methods to Tokenize, Vectorize, and calculate the Cosine Similarity between two pieces of text. It includes:

  • Tokenize(text): Tokenizes the input text into lowercase tokens.
  • Vectorize(tokens): Converts tokens into vector representations.
  • Mean_Vector(vectors): Computes the average vector of a list of vectors.
  • Dot_Product(vector1, vector2): Calculates the dot product of two vectors.
  • Magnitude(vector): Computes the magnitude of a vector.
  • Cosine_Similarity(vector1, vector2): Computes the cosine similarity between two vectors.
  • Cosine_Similarity_Percentage(text1, text2): Calculates the similarity percentage between two texts.

Error Handling

Robust Error Handling is implemented for all operations to ensure reliability. Any issues encountered during tokenization, vectorization, or similarity calculations are logged and raised appropriately.

Benefits

  • Provides an effective method for comparing textual content.
  • Leverages pre-trained embeddings for accurate and efficient similarity measurement.
  • Can be used in various applications including document similarity, search relevance, and recommendation systems.

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added the require tests Tests [doctest/unittest/pytest] are required label Sep 3, 2024
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import numpy as np


class Cosine_Similarity:

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Class names should follow the CamelCase naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Cosine_Similarity

"""
self.nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_md")

def Tokenize(self, text: str) -> list:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Tokenize

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Tokenize

logging.error("An error occurred during Tokenization: ", exc_info=e)
raise e

def Vectorize(self, tokens: list) -> list:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Vectorize

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Vectorize

logging.error("An error occurred during Vectorization: ", exc_info=e)
raise e

def Mean_Vector(self, vectors: list) -> np.ndarray:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Mean_Vector

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Mean_Vector

)
raise e

def Dot_Product(self, vector1: np.ndarray, vector2: np.ndarray) -> float:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Dot_Product

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Dot_Product

)
raise e

def Magnitude(self, vector: np.ndarray) -> float:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Magnitude

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Magnitude

)
raise e

def Cosine_Similarity(self, vector1: np.ndarray, vector2: np.ndarray) -> float:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Cosine_Similarity

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Cosine_Similarity

)
raise e

def Cosine_Similarity_Percentage(self, text1: str, text2: str) -> float:

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Cosine_Similarity_Percentage

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function Cosine_Similarity_Percentage

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added the awaiting reviews This PR is ready to be reviewed label Sep 3, 2024
@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added the tests are failing Do not merge until tests pass label Sep 3, 2024
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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

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Python:

Automated review generated by algorithms-keeper. If there's any problem regarding this review, please open an issue about it.

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import numpy as np


class cosine_similarity:

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Class names should follow the CamelCase naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: cosine_similarity

"""
self.nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_md")

def tokenize(self, text: str) -> list:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function tokenize

logging.error("An error occurred during Tokenization: ", exc_info=e)
raise e

def vectorize(self, tokens: list) -> list:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function vectorize

logging.error("An error occurred during Vectorization: ", exc_info=e)
raise e

def mean_vector(self, vectors: list) -> np.ndarray:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function mean_vector

)
raise e

def dot_product(self, vector1: np.ndarray, vector2: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function dot_product

)
raise e

def magnitude(self, vector: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function magnitude

)
raise e

def cosine_similarity(self, vector1: np.ndarray, vector2: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function cosine_similarity

)
raise e

def cosine_similarity_percentage(self, text1: str, text2: str) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function cosine_similarity_percentage

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Repository:

Python:

Automated review generated by algorithms-keeper. If there's any problem regarding this review, please open an issue about it.

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  • @algorithms-keeper review to trigger the checks for only added pull request files
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NOTE: Commands are in beta and so this feature is restricted only to a member or owner of the organization.

"""
self.nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_md")

def tokenize(self, text: str) -> list:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function tokenize

logging.error("An error occurred during Tokenization: ", exc_info=e)
raise e

def vectorize(self, tokens: list) -> list:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function vectorize

logging.error("An error occurred during Vectorization: ", exc_info=e)
raise e

def mean_vector(self, vectors: list) -> np.ndarray:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function mean_vector

)
raise e

def dot_product(self, vector1: np.ndarray, vector2: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function dot_product

)
raise e

def magnitude(self, vector: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function magnitude

)
raise e

def cosine_similarity(self, vector1: np.ndarray, vector2: np.ndarray) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function cosine_similarity

)
raise e

def cosine_similarity_percentage(self, text1: str, text2: str) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file machine_learning/cosine_similarity.py, please provide doctest for the function cosine_similarity_percentage

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