[heavy_tails] Incorporate Feedback from #418

[mmcky]

This PR implements the following changes as discussed in #418

• minor whitespace formatting updates
• improve yf.download and suppress messy output
• add numbered figures and titles
• reference figures in text (@SylviaZhaooo would you have time to add references using
  {numref}`<label>`
  and review the titles of each figure?)
• added a Q-Q plot
• added wiki links re: request for more information on equation 19.4

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[SylviaZhaooo]

I revise the references, and all of them are contextual; there are no references to graphs. Additionally, I make some changes to the titles of the graphs.

[mmcky]

Thanks @SylviaZhaooo happy for you to commit changes to this branch.

I think I may have confused you. You will see from the netlify deployment figures are now titled and numbered.

https://662b428b92dc90768bd78f2d--taupe-gaufre-c4e660.netlify.app/heavy_tails#hist-obs

This is due to the mystnb markup added to the code-cell in this branch.

You can reference these figures in the text using the numref role and the label (as the name attribute in the figure section of mystnb).

[SylviaZhaooo]

Oh, I see. Thanks for illustrating the function of the mystnb markup and how to use numref. Now I know how to add numbers to graphs and how to refer to them. There aren't any graphs requiring reference at the moment. I'll certainly make use of the method you provided next time there's a need for adjustments. Thanks so much!

[mmcky]

Thanks @HumphreyYang for the suggestion of the Q-Q plot.

Is this what you were thinking of: https://662ef57d1ac31245c722536a--taupe-gaufre-c4e660.netlify.app/heavy_tails#q-q-plots

[mmcky]

@jstac not sure we should keep this but this is one "explanation" based on the wiki page. Thoughts?

[jstac]

I think it's useful but maybe remove bold face because this is not the formal definition.

[mmcky]

thanks @jstac didn't scroll all the way to see this. 👍

I will adjust now.

[HumphreyYang]

Thanks @HumphreyYang for the suggestion of the Q-Q plot.

Is this what you were thinking of: https://662ef57d1ac31245c722536a--taupe-gaufre-c4e660.netlify.app/heavy_tails#q-q-plots

Many thanks @mmcky. Yes, that's what's on my mind. Personally, I think the Q-Q plot needs to be a square plot to show the tails better : )

[mmcky]

@jstac should the be draws instead of observations?

[jstac]

I think either is fine.

[mmcky]

@jstac I have used capitals for Normal and Bitcoin. Is that correct style?

[jstac]

I usually follow Wikipedia.

[mmcky]

Thanks @jstac I see. I have changed Normal to normal in text and kept Cauchy and Pereto (as names) capitalised as per wikipedia.

[mmcky]

These look a lot nicer in jupyter lab re: size. Jupyter book is scaling these down to fit. @jstac would you prefer a 2 x 2 or vertical?

[mmcky]

@jstac this is ready for review -- with some comments above.

[jstac]

Thanks @mmcky -- please see "I think it's useful but maybe remove bold face because this is not the formal definition."

[jstac]

Many thanks @mmcky and @SylviaZhaooo . Merging.