angular-mocks.js

'use strict';

/* global routeToRegExp: false */

/**
 * @ngdoc object
 * @name angular.mock
 * @description
 *
 * Namespace from 'angular-mocks.js' which contains testing related code.
 *
 */
angular.mock = {};

/**
 * ! This is a private undocumented service !
 *
 * @name $browser
 *
 * @description
 * This service is a mock implementation of {@link ng.$browser}. It provides fake
 * implementation for commonly used browser apis that are hard to test, e.g. setTimeout, xhr,
 * cookies, etc.
 *
 * The api of this service is the same as that of the real {@link ng.$browser $browser}, except
 * that there are several helper methods available which can be used in tests.
 */
angular.mock.$BrowserProvider = function() {
  this.$get = [
    '$log', '$$taskTrackerFactory',
    function($log, $$taskTrackerFactory) {
      return new angular.mock.$Browser($log, $$taskTrackerFactory);
    }
  ];
};

angular.mock.$Browser = function($log, $$taskTrackerFactory) {
  var self = this;
  var taskTracker = $$taskTrackerFactory($log);

  this.isMock = true;
  self.$$url = 'http://server/';
  self.$$lastUrl = self.$$url; // used by url polling fn
  self.pollFns = [];

  // Task-tracking API
  self.$$completeOutstandingRequest = taskTracker.completeTask;
  self.$$incOutstandingRequestCount = taskTracker.incTaskCount;
  self.notifyWhenNoOutstandingRequests = taskTracker.notifyWhenNoPendingTasks;

  // register url polling fn

  self.onUrlChange = function(listener) {
    self.pollFns.push(
      function() {
        if (self.$$lastUrl !== self.$$url || self.$$state !== self.$$lastState) {
          self.$$lastUrl = self.$$url;
          self.$$lastState = self.$$state;
          listener(self.$$url, self.$$state);
        }
      }
    );

    return listener;
  };

  self.$$applicationDestroyed = angular.noop;
  self.$$checkUrlChange = angular.noop;

  self.deferredFns = [];
  self.deferredNextId = 0;

  self.defer = function(fn, delay, taskType) {
    var timeoutId = self.deferredNextId++;

    delay = delay || 0;
    taskType = taskType || taskTracker.DEFAULT_TASK_TYPE;

    taskTracker.incTaskCount(taskType);
    self.deferredFns.push({
      id: timeoutId,
      type: taskType,
      time: (self.defer.now + delay),
      fn: fn
    });
    self.deferredFns.sort(function(a, b) { return a.time - b.time; });

    return timeoutId;
  };


  /**
   * @name $browser#defer.now
   *
   * @description
   * Current milliseconds mock time.
   */
  self.defer.now = 0;


  self.defer.cancel = function(deferId) {
    var taskIndex;

    angular.forEach(self.deferredFns, function(task, index) {
      if (task.id === deferId) taskIndex = index;
    });

    if (angular.isDefined(taskIndex)) {
      var task = self.deferredFns.splice(taskIndex, 1)[0];
      taskTracker.completeTask(angular.noop, task.type);
      return true;
    }

    return false;
  };


  /**
   * @name $browser#defer.flush
   *
   * @description
   * Flushes all pending requests and executes the defer callbacks.
   *
   * See {@link ngMock.$flushPendingsTasks} for more info.
   *
   * @param {number=} number of milliseconds to flush. See {@link #defer.now}
   */
  self.defer.flush = function(delay) {
    var nextTime;

    if (angular.isDefined(delay)) {
      // A delay was passed so compute the next time
      nextTime = self.defer.now + delay;
    } else if (self.deferredFns.length) {
      // No delay was passed so set the next time so that it clears the deferred queue
      nextTime = self.deferredFns[self.deferredFns.length - 1].time;
    } else {
      // No delay passed, but there are no deferred tasks so flush - indicates an error!
      throw new Error('No deferred tasks to be flushed');
    }

    while (self.deferredFns.length && self.deferredFns[0].time <= nextTime) {
      // Increment the time and call the next deferred function
      self.defer.now = self.deferredFns[0].time;
      var task = self.deferredFns.shift();
      taskTracker.completeTask(task.fn, task.type);
    }

    // Ensure that the current time is correct
    self.defer.now = nextTime;
  };

  /**
   * @name $browser#defer.getPendingTasks
   *
   * @description
   * Returns the currently pending tasks that need to be flushed.
   * You can request a specific type of tasks only, by specifying a `taskType`.
   *
   * @param {string=} taskType - The type tasks to return.
   */
  self.defer.getPendingTasks = function(taskType) {
    return !taskType
        ? self.deferredFns
        : self.deferredFns.filter(function(task) { return task.type === taskType; });
  };

  /**
   * @name $browser#defer.formatPendingTasks
   *
   * @description
   * Formats each task in a list of pending tasks as a string, suitable for use in error messages.
   *
   * @param {Array<Object>} pendingTasks - A list of task objects.
   * @return {Array<string>} A list of stringified tasks.
   */
  self.defer.formatPendingTasks = function(pendingTasks) {
    return pendingTasks.map(function(task) {
      return '{id: ' + task.id + ', type: ' + task.type + ', time: ' + task.time + '}';
    });
  };

  /**
   * @name $browser#defer.verifyNoPendingTasks
   *
   * @description
   * Verifies that there are no pending tasks that need to be flushed.
   * You can check for a specific type of tasks only, by specifying a `taskType`.
   *
   * See {@link $verifyNoPendingTasks} for more info.
   *
   * @param {string=} taskType - The type tasks to check for.
   */
  self.defer.verifyNoPendingTasks = function(taskType) {
    var pendingTasks = self.defer.getPendingTasks(taskType);

    if (pendingTasks.length) {
      var formattedTasks = self.defer.formatPendingTasks(pendingTasks).join('\n  ');
      throw new Error('Deferred tasks to flush (' + pendingTasks.length + '):\n  ' +
          formattedTasks);
    }
  };

  self.$$baseHref = '/';
  self.baseHref = function() {
    return this.$$baseHref;
  };
};
angular.mock.$Browser.prototype = {

  /**
   * @name $browser#poll
   *
   * @description
   * run all fns in pollFns
   */
  poll: function poll() {
    angular.forEach(this.pollFns, function(pollFn) {
      pollFn();
    });
  },

  url: function(url, replace, state) {
    if (angular.isUndefined(state)) {
      state = null;
    }
    if (url) {
      this.$$url = url;
      // Native pushState serializes & copies the object; simulate it.
      this.$$state = angular.copy(state);
      return this;
    }

    return this.$$url;
  },

  state: function() {
    return this.$$state;
  }
};

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $flushPendingTasks
 *
 * @description
 * Flushes all currently pending tasks and executes the corresponding callbacks.
 *
 * Optionally, you can also pass a `delay` argument to only flush tasks that are scheduled to be
 * executed within `delay` milliseconds. Currently, `delay` only applies to timeouts, since all
 * other tasks have a delay of 0 (i.e. they are scheduled to be executed as soon as possible, but
 * still asynchronously).
 *
 * If no delay is specified, it uses a delay such that all currently pending tasks are flushed.
 *
 * The types of tasks that are flushed include:
 *
 * - Pending timeouts (via {@link $timeout}).
 * - Pending tasks scheduled via {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$applyAsync $applyAsync}.
 * - Pending tasks scheduled via {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$evalAsync $evalAsync}.
 *   These include tasks scheduled via `$evalAsync()` indirectly (such as {@link $q} promises).
 *
 * <div class="alert alert-info">
 *   Periodic tasks scheduled via {@link $interval} use a different queue and are not flushed by
 *   `$flushPendingTasks()`. Use {@link ngMock.$interval#flush $interval.flush(millis)} instead.
 * </div>
 *
 * @param {number=} delay - The number of milliseconds to flush.
 */
angular.mock.$FlushPendingTasksProvider = function() {
  this.$get = [
    '$browser',
    function($browser) {
      return function $flushPendingTasks(delay) {
        return $browser.defer.flush(delay);
      };
    }
  ];
};

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $verifyNoPendingTasks
 *
 * @description
 * Verifies that there are no pending tasks that need to be flushed. It throws an error if there are
 * still pending tasks.
 *
 * You can check for a specific type of tasks only, by specifying a `taskType`.
 *
 * Available task types:
 *
 * - `$timeout`: Pending timeouts (via {@link $timeout}).
 * - `$http`: Pending HTTP requests (via {@link $http}).
 * - `$route`: In-progress route transitions (via {@link $route}).
 * - `$applyAsync`: Pending tasks scheduled via {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$applyAsync $applyAsync}.
 * - `$evalAsync`: Pending tasks scheduled via {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$evalAsync $evalAsync}.
 *   These include tasks scheduled via `$evalAsync()` indirectly (such as {@link $q} promises).
 *
 * <div class="alert alert-info">
 *   Periodic tasks scheduled via {@link $interval} use a different queue and are not taken into
 *   account by `$verifyNoPendingTasks()`. There is currently no way to verify that there are no
 *   pending {@link $interval} tasks.
 * </div>
 *
 * @param {string=} taskType - The type of tasks to check for.
 */
angular.mock.$VerifyNoPendingTasksProvider = function() {
  this.$get = [
    '$browser',
    function($browser) {
      return function $verifyNoPendingTasks(taskType) {
        return $browser.defer.verifyNoPendingTasks(taskType);
      };
    }
  ];
};

/**
 * @ngdoc provider
 * @name $exceptionHandlerProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Configures the mock implementation of {@link ng.$exceptionHandler} to rethrow or to log errors
 * passed to the `$exceptionHandler`.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $exceptionHandler
 *
 * @description
 * Mock implementation of {@link ng.$exceptionHandler} that rethrows or logs errors passed
 * to it. See {@link ngMock.$exceptionHandlerProvider $exceptionHandlerProvider} for configuration
 * information.
 *
 *
 * ```js
 *   describe('$exceptionHandlerProvider', function() {
 *
 *     it('should capture log messages and exceptions', function() {
 *
 *       module(function($exceptionHandlerProvider) {
 *         $exceptionHandlerProvider.mode('log');
 *       });
 *
 *       inject(function($log, $exceptionHandler, $timeout) {
 *         $timeout(function() { $log.log(1); });
 *         $timeout(function() { $log.log(2); throw 'banana peel'; });
 *         $timeout(function() { $log.log(3); });
 *         expect($exceptionHandler.errors).toEqual([]);
 *         expect($log.assertEmpty());
 *         $timeout.flush();
 *         expect($exceptionHandler.errors).toEqual(['banana peel']);
 *         expect($log.log.logs).toEqual([[1], [2], [3]]);
 *       });
 *     });
 *   });
 * ```
 */

angular.mock.$ExceptionHandlerProvider = function() {
  var handler;

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $exceptionHandlerProvider#mode
   *
   * @description
   * Sets the logging mode.
   *
   * @param {string} mode Mode of operation, defaults to `rethrow`.
   *
   *   - `log`: Sometimes it is desirable to test that an error is thrown, for this case the `log`
   *     mode stores an array of errors in `$exceptionHandler.errors`, to allow later assertion of
   *     them. See {@link ngMock.$log#assertEmpty assertEmpty()} and
   *     {@link ngMock.$log#reset reset()}.
   *   - `rethrow`: If any errors are passed to the handler in tests, it typically means that there
   *     is a bug in the application or test, so this mock will make these tests fail. For any
   *     implementations that expect exceptions to be thrown, the `rethrow` mode will also maintain
   *     a log of thrown errors in `$exceptionHandler.errors`.
   */
  this.mode = function(mode) {

    switch (mode) {
      case 'log':
      case 'rethrow':
        var errors = [];
        handler = function(e) {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            errors.push(e);
          } else {
            errors.push([].slice.call(arguments, 0));
          }
          if (mode === 'rethrow') {
            throw e;
          }
        };
        handler.errors = errors;
        break;
      default:
        throw new Error('Unknown mode \'' + mode + '\', only \'log\'/\'rethrow\' modes are allowed!');
    }
  };

  this.$get = function() {
    return handler;
  };

  this.mode('rethrow');
};


/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $log
 *
 * @description
 * Mock implementation of {@link ng.$log} that gathers all logged messages in arrays
 * (one array per logging level). These arrays are exposed as `logs` property of each of the
 * level-specific log function, e.g. for level `error` the array is exposed as `$log.error.logs`.
 *
 */
angular.mock.$LogProvider = function() {
  var debug = true;

  function concat(array1, array2, index) {
    return array1.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(array2, index));
  }

  this.debugEnabled = function(flag) {
    if (angular.isDefined(flag)) {
      debug = flag;
      return this;
    } else {
      return debug;
    }
  };

  this.$get = function() {
    var $log = {
      log: function() { $log.log.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
      warn: function() { $log.warn.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
      info: function() { $log.info.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
      error: function() { $log.error.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
      debug: function() {
        if (debug) {
          $log.debug.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0));
        }
      }
    };

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $log#reset
     *
     * @description
     * Reset all of the logging arrays to empty.
     */
    $log.reset = function() {
      /**
       * @ngdoc property
       * @name $log#log.logs
       *
       * @description
       * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#log `log()`}.
       *
       * @example
       * ```js
       * $log.log('Some Log');
       * var first = $log.log.logs.unshift();
       * ```
       */
      $log.log.logs = [];
      /**
       * @ngdoc property
       * @name $log#info.logs
       *
       * @description
       * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#info `info()`}.
       *
       * @example
       * ```js
       * $log.info('Some Info');
       * var first = $log.info.logs.unshift();
       * ```
       */
      $log.info.logs = [];
      /**
       * @ngdoc property
       * @name $log#warn.logs
       *
       * @description
       * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#warn `warn()`}.
       *
       * @example
       * ```js
       * $log.warn('Some Warning');
       * var first = $log.warn.logs.unshift();
       * ```
       */
      $log.warn.logs = [];
      /**
       * @ngdoc property
       * @name $log#error.logs
       *
       * @description
       * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#error `error()`}.
       *
       * @example
       * ```js
       * $log.error('Some Error');
       * var first = $log.error.logs.unshift();
       * ```
       */
      $log.error.logs = [];
        /**
       * @ngdoc property
       * @name $log#debug.logs
       *
       * @description
       * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#debug `debug()`}.
       *
       * @example
       * ```js
       * $log.debug('Some Error');
       * var first = $log.debug.logs.unshift();
       * ```
       */
      $log.debug.logs = [];
    };

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $log#assertEmpty
     *
     * @description
     * Assert that all of the logging methods have no logged messages. If any messages are present,
     * an exception is thrown.
     */
    $log.assertEmpty = function() {
      var errors = [];
      angular.forEach(['error', 'warn', 'info', 'log', 'debug'], function(logLevel) {
        angular.forEach($log[logLevel].logs, function(log) {
          angular.forEach(log, function(logItem) {
            errors.push('MOCK $log (' + logLevel + '): ' + String(logItem) + '\n' +
                        (logItem.stack || ''));
          });
        });
      });
      if (errors.length) {
        errors.unshift('Expected $log to be empty! Either a message was logged unexpectedly, or ' +
          'an expected log message was not checked and removed:');
        errors.push('');
        throw new Error(errors.join('\n---------\n'));
      }
    };

    $log.reset();
    return $log;
  };
};


/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $interval
 *
 * @description
 * Mock implementation of the $interval service.
 *
 * Use {@link ngMock.$interval#flush `$interval.flush(millis)`} to
 * move forward by `millis` milliseconds and trigger any functions scheduled to run in that
 * time.
 *
 * @param {function()} fn A function that should be called repeatedly.
 * @param {number} delay Number of milliseconds between each function call.
 * @param {number=} [count=0] Number of times to repeat. If not set, or 0, will repeat
 *   indefinitely.
 * @param {boolean=} [invokeApply=true] If set to `false` skips model dirty checking, otherwise
 *   will invoke `fn` within the {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$apply $apply} block.
 * @param {...*=} Pass additional parameters to the executed function.
 * @returns {promise} A promise which will be notified on each iteration.
 */
angular.mock.$IntervalProvider = function() {
  this.$get = ['$browser', '$$intervalFactory',
       function($browser,   $$intervalFactory) {
    var repeatFns = [],
        nextRepeatId = 0,
        now = 0,
        setIntervalFn = function(tick, delay, deferred, skipApply) {
          var id = nextRepeatId++;
          var fn = !skipApply ? tick : function() {
            tick();
            $browser.defer.flush();
          };

          repeatFns.push({
            nextTime: (now + (delay || 0)),
            delay: delay || 1,
            fn: fn,
            id: id,
            deferred: deferred
          });
          repeatFns.sort(function(a, b) { return a.nextTime - b.nextTime; });

          return id;
        },
        clearIntervalFn = function(id) {
          for (var fnIndex = repeatFns.length - 1; fnIndex >= 0; fnIndex--) {
            if (repeatFns[fnIndex].id === id) {
              repeatFns.splice(fnIndex, 1);
              break;
            }
          }
        };

    var $interval = $$intervalFactory(setIntervalFn, clearIntervalFn);

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $interval#cancel
     *
     * @description
     * Cancels a task associated with the `promise`.
     *
     * @param {promise} promise A promise from calling the `$interval` function.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the task was successfully cancelled.
     */
    $interval.cancel = function(promise) {
      if (!promise) return false;

      for (var fnIndex = repeatFns.length - 1; fnIndex >= 0; fnIndex--) {
        if (repeatFns[fnIndex].id === promise.$$intervalId) {
          var deferred = repeatFns[fnIndex].deferred;
          deferred.promise.then(undefined, function() {});
          deferred.reject('canceled');
          repeatFns.splice(fnIndex, 1);
          return true;
        }
      }

      return false;
    };

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $interval#flush
     * @description
     *
     * Runs interval tasks scheduled to be run in the next `millis` milliseconds.
     *
     * @param {number} millis maximum timeout amount to flush up until.
     *
     * @return {number} The amount of time moved forward.
     */
    $interval.flush = function(millis) {
      var before = now;
      now += millis;
      while (repeatFns.length && repeatFns[0].nextTime <= now) {
        var task = repeatFns[0];
        task.fn();
        if (task.nextTime === before) {
          // this can only happen the first time
          // a zero-delay interval gets triggered
          task.nextTime++;
        }
        task.nextTime += task.delay;
        repeatFns.sort(function(a, b) { return a.nextTime - b.nextTime;});
      }
      return millis;
    };

    return $interval;
  }];
};


function jsonStringToDate(string) {
  // The R_ISO8061_STR regex is never going to fit into the 100 char limit!
  // eslit-disable-next-line max-len
  var R_ISO8061_STR = /^(-?\d{4})-?(\d\d)-?(\d\d)(?:T(\d\d)(?::?(\d\d)(?::?(\d\d)(?:\.(\d{3}))?)?)?(Z|([+-])(\d\d):?(\d\d)))?$/;

  var match;
  if ((match = string.match(R_ISO8061_STR))) {
    var date = new Date(0),
        tzHour = 0,
        tzMin  = 0;
    if (match[9]) {
      tzHour = toInt(match[9] + match[10]);
      tzMin = toInt(match[9] + match[11]);
    }
    date.setUTCFullYear(toInt(match[1]), toInt(match[2]) - 1, toInt(match[3]));
    date.setUTCHours(toInt(match[4] || 0) - tzHour,
                     toInt(match[5] || 0) - tzMin,
                     toInt(match[6] || 0),
                     toInt(match[7] || 0));
    return date;
  }
  return string;
}

function toInt(str) {
  return parseInt(str, 10);
}

function padNumberInMock(num, digits, trim) {
  var neg = '';
  if (num < 0) {
    neg =  '-';
    num = -num;
  }
  num = '' + num;
  while (num.length < digits) num = '0' + num;
  if (trim) {
    num = num.substr(num.length - digits);
  }
  return neg + num;
}


/**
 * @ngdoc type
 * @name angular.mock.TzDate
 * @description
 *
 * *NOTE*: this is not an injectable instance, just a globally available mock class of `Date`.
 *
 * Mock of the Date type which has its timezone specified via constructor arg.
 *
 * The main purpose is to create Date-like instances with timezone fixed to the specified timezone
 * offset, so that we can test code that depends on local timezone settings without dependency on
 * the time zone settings of the machine where the code is running.
 *
 * @param {number} offset Offset of the *desired* timezone in hours (fractions will be honored)
 * @param {(number|string)} timestamp Timestamp representing the desired time in *UTC*
 *
 * @example
 * !!!! WARNING !!!!!
 * This is not a complete Date object so only methods that were implemented can be called safely.
 * To make matters worse, TzDate instances inherit stuff from Date via a prototype.
 *
 * We do our best to intercept calls to "unimplemented" methods, but since the list of methods is
 * incomplete we might be missing some non-standard methods. This can result in errors like:
 * "Date.prototype.foo called on incompatible Object".
 *
 * ```js
 * var newYearInBratislava = new TzDate(-1, '2009-12-31T23:00:00Z');
 * newYearInBratislava.getTimezoneOffset() => -60;
 * newYearInBratislava.getFullYear() => 2010;
 * newYearInBratislava.getMonth() => 0;
 * newYearInBratislava.getDate() => 1;
 * newYearInBratislava.getHours() => 0;
 * newYearInBratislava.getMinutes() => 0;
 * newYearInBratislava.getSeconds() => 0;
 * ```
 *
 */
angular.mock.TzDate = function(offset, timestamp) {
  var self = new Date(0);
  if (angular.isString(timestamp)) {
    var tsStr = timestamp;

    self.origDate = jsonStringToDate(timestamp);

    timestamp = self.origDate.getTime();
    if (isNaN(timestamp)) {
      // eslint-disable-next-line no-throw-literal
      throw {
        name: 'Illegal Argument',
        message: 'Arg \'' + tsStr + '\' passed into TzDate constructor is not a valid date string'
      };
    }
  } else {
    self.origDate = new Date(timestamp);
  }

  var localOffset = new Date(timestamp).getTimezoneOffset();
  self.offsetDiff = localOffset * 60 * 1000 - offset * 1000 * 60 * 60;
  self.date = new Date(timestamp + self.offsetDiff);

  self.getTime = function() {
    return self.date.getTime() - self.offsetDiff;
  };

  self.toLocaleDateString = function() {
    return self.date.toLocaleDateString();
  };

  self.getFullYear = function() {
    return self.date.getFullYear();
  };

  self.getMonth = function() {
    return self.date.getMonth();
  };

  self.getDate = function() {
    return self.date.getDate();
  };

  self.getHours = function() {
    return self.date.getHours();
  };

  self.getMinutes = function() {
    return self.date.getMinutes();
  };

  self.getSeconds = function() {
    return self.date.getSeconds();
  };

  self.getMilliseconds = function() {
    return self.date.getMilliseconds();
  };

  self.getTimezoneOffset = function() {
    return offset * 60;
  };

  self.getUTCFullYear = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCFullYear();
  };

  self.getUTCMonth = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCMonth();
  };

  self.getUTCDate = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCDate();
  };

  self.getUTCHours = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCHours();
  };

  self.getUTCMinutes = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCMinutes();
  };

  self.getUTCSeconds = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCSeconds();
  };

  self.getUTCMilliseconds = function() {
    return self.origDate.getUTCMilliseconds();
  };

  self.getDay = function() {
    return self.date.getDay();
  };

  // provide this method only on browsers that already have it
  if (self.toISOString) {
    self.toISOString = function() {
      return padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCFullYear(), 4) + '-' +
            padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCMonth() + 1, 2) + '-' +
            padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCDate(), 2) + 'T' +
            padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCHours(), 2) + ':' +
            padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCMinutes(), 2) + ':' +
            padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCSeconds(), 2) + '.' +
            padNumberInMock(self.origDate.getUTCMilliseconds(), 3) + 'Z';
    };
  }

  //hide all methods not implemented in this mock that the Date prototype exposes
  var unimplementedMethods = ['getUTCDay',
      'getYear', 'setDate', 'setFullYear', 'setHours', 'setMilliseconds',
      'setMinutes', 'setMonth', 'setSeconds', 'setTime', 'setUTCDate', 'setUTCFullYear',
      'setUTCHours', 'setUTCMilliseconds', 'setUTCMinutes', 'setUTCMonth', 'setUTCSeconds',
      'setYear', 'toDateString', 'toGMTString', 'toJSON', 'toLocaleFormat', 'toLocaleString',
      'toLocaleTimeString', 'toSource', 'toString', 'toTimeString', 'toUTCString', 'valueOf'];

  angular.forEach(unimplementedMethods, function(methodName) {
    self[methodName] = function() {
      throw new Error('Method \'' + methodName + '\' is not implemented in the TzDate mock');
    };
  });

  return self;
};

//make "tzDateInstance instanceof Date" return true
angular.mock.TzDate.prototype = Date.prototype;


/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $animate
 *
 * @description
 * Mock implementation of the {@link ng.$animate `$animate`} service. Exposes two additional methods
 * for testing animations.
 *
 * You need to require the `ngAnimateMock` module in your test suite for instance `beforeEach(module('ngAnimateMock'))`
 */
angular.mock.animate = angular.module('ngAnimateMock', ['ng'])
  .info({ angularVersion: '"NG_VERSION_FULL"' })

  .config(['$provide', function($provide) {

    $provide.factory('$$forceReflow', function() {
      function reflowFn() {
        reflowFn.totalReflows++;
      }
      reflowFn.totalReflows = 0;
      return reflowFn;
    });

    $provide.factory('$$animateAsyncRun', function() {
      var queue = [];
      var queueFn = function() {
        return function(fn) {
          queue.push(fn);
        };
      };
      queueFn.flush = function() {
        if (queue.length === 0) return false;

        for (var i = 0; i < queue.length; i++) {
          queue[i]();
        }
        queue = [];

        return true;
      };
      return queueFn;
    });

    $provide.decorator('$$animateJs', ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
      var runners = [];

      var animateJsConstructor = function() {
        var animator = $delegate.apply($delegate, arguments);
        // If no javascript animation is found, animator is undefined
        if (animator) {
          runners.push(animator);
        }
        return animator;
      };

      animateJsConstructor.$closeAndFlush = function() {
        runners.forEach(function(runner) {
          runner.end();
        });
        runners = [];
      };

      return animateJsConstructor;
    }]);

    $provide.decorator('$animateCss', ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
      var runners = [];

      var animateCssConstructor = function(element, options) {
        var animator = $delegate(element, options);
        runners.push(animator);
        return animator;
      };

      animateCssConstructor.$closeAndFlush = function() {
        runners.forEach(function(runner) {
          runner.end();
        });
        runners = [];
      };

      return animateCssConstructor;
    }]);

    $provide.decorator('$animate', ['$delegate', '$timeout', '$browser', '$$rAF', '$animateCss', '$$animateJs',
                                    '$$forceReflow', '$$animateAsyncRun', '$rootScope',
                            function($delegate,   $timeout,   $browser,   $$rAF,   $animateCss,   $$animateJs,
                                     $$forceReflow,   $$animateAsyncRun,  $rootScope) {
      var animate = {
        queue: [],
        cancel: $delegate.cancel,
        on: $delegate.on,
        off: $delegate.off,
        pin: $delegate.pin,
        get reflows() {
          return $$forceReflow.totalReflows;
        },
        enabled: $delegate.enabled,
        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $animate#closeAndFlush
         * @description
         *
         * This method will close all pending animations (both {@link ngAnimate#javascript-based-animations Javascript}
         * and {@link ngAnimate.$animateCss CSS}) and it will also flush any remaining animation frames and/or callbacks.
         */
        closeAndFlush: function() {
          // we allow the flush command to swallow the errors
          // because depending on whether CSS or JS animations are
          // used, there may not be a RAF flush. The primary flush
          // at the end of this function must throw an exception
          // because it will track if there were pending animations
          this.flush(true);
          $animateCss.$closeAndFlush();
          $$animateJs.$closeAndFlush();
          this.flush();
        },
        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $animate#flush
         * @description
         *
         * This method is used to flush the pending callbacks and animation frames to either start
         * an animation or conclude an animation. Note that this will not actually close an
         * actively running animation (see {@link ngMock.$animate#closeAndFlush `closeAndFlush()`} for that).
         */
        flush: function(hideErrors) {
          $rootScope.$digest();

          var doNextRun, somethingFlushed = false;
          do {
            doNextRun = false;

            if ($$rAF.queue.length) {
              $$rAF.flush();
              doNextRun = somethingFlushed = true;
            }

            if ($$animateAsyncRun.flush()) {
              doNextRun = somethingFlushed = true;
            }
          } while (doNextRun);

          if (!somethingFlushed && !hideErrors) {
            throw new Error('No pending animations ready to be closed or flushed');
          }

          $rootScope.$digest();
        }
      };

      angular.forEach(
        ['animate','enter','leave','move','addClass','removeClass','setClass'], function(method) {
        animate[method] = function() {
          animate.queue.push({
            event: method,
            element: arguments[0],
            options: arguments[arguments.length - 1],
            args: arguments
          });
          return $delegate[method].apply($delegate, arguments);
        };
      });

      return animate;
    }]);

  }]);


/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name angular.mock.dump
 * @description
 *
 * *NOTE*: This is not an injectable instance, just a globally available function.
 *
 * Method for serializing common AngularJS objects (scope, elements, etc..) into strings.
 * It is useful for logging objects to the console when debugging.
 *
 * @param {*} object - any object to turn into string.
 * @return {string} a serialized string of the argument
 */
angular.mock.dump = function(object) {
  return serialize(object);

  function serialize(object) {
    var out;

    if (angular.isElement(object)) {
      object = angular.element(object);
      out = angular.element('<div></div>');
      angular.forEach(object, function(element) {
        out.append(angular.element(element).clone());
      });
      out = out.html();
    } else if (angular.isArray(object)) {
      out = [];
      angular.forEach(object, function(o) {
        out.push(serialize(o));
      });
      out = '[ ' + out.join(', ') + ' ]';
    } else if (angular.isObject(object)) {
      if (angular.isFunction(object.$eval) && angular.isFunction(object.$apply)) {
        out = serializeScope(object);
      } else if (object instanceof Error) {
        out = object.stack || ('' + object.name + ': ' + object.message);
      } else {
        // TODO(i): this prevents methods being logged,
        // we should have a better way to serialize objects
        out = angular.toJson(object, true);
      }
    } else {
      out = String(object);
    }

    return out;
  }

  function serializeScope(scope, offset) {
    offset = offset ||  '  ';
    var log = [offset + 'Scope(' + scope.$id + '): {'];
    for (var key in scope) {
      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(scope, key) && !key.match(/^(\$|this)/)) {
        log.push('  ' + key + ': ' + angular.toJson(scope[key]));
      }
    }
    var child = scope.$$childHead;
    while (child) {
      log.push(serializeScope(child, offset + '  '));
      child = child.$$nextSibling;
    }
    log.push('}');
    return log.join('\n' + offset);
  }
};

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $httpBackend
 * @description
 * Fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for unit testing applications that use the
 * {@link ng.$http $http service}.
 *
 * <div class="alert alert-info">
 * **Note**: For fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for end-to-end testing or backend-less
 * development please see {@link ngMockE2E.$httpBackend e2e $httpBackend mock}.
 * </div>
 *
 * During unit testing, we want our unit tests to run quickly and have no external dependencies so
 * we don’t want to send [XHR](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/xmlhttprequest) or
 * [JSONP](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSONP) requests to a real server. All we really need is
 * to verify whether a certain request has been sent or not, or alternatively just let the
 * application make requests, respond with pre-trained responses and assert that the end result is
 * what we expect it to be.
 *
 * This mock implementation can be used to respond with static or dynamic responses via the
 * `expect` and `when` apis and their shortcuts (`expectGET`, `whenPOST`, etc).
 *
 * When an AngularJS application needs some data from a server, it calls the $http service, which
 * sends the request to a real server using $httpBackend service. With dependency injection, it is
 * easy to inject $httpBackend mock (which has the same API as $httpBackend) and use it to verify
 * the requests and respond with some testing data without sending a request to a real server.
 *
 * There are two ways to specify what test data should be returned as http responses by the mock
 * backend when the code under test makes http requests:
 *
 * - `$httpBackend.expect` - specifies a request expectation
 * - `$httpBackend.when` - specifies a backend definition
 *
 *
 * ## Request Expectations vs Backend Definitions
 *
 * Request expectations provide a way to make assertions about requests made by the application and
 * to define responses for those requests. The test will fail if the expected requests are not made
 * or they are made in the wrong order.
 *
 * Backend definitions allow you to define a fake backend for your application which doesn't assert
 * if a particular request was made or not, it just returns a trained response if a request is made.
 * The test will pass whether or not the request gets made during testing.
 *
 *
 * <table class="table">
 *   <tr><th width="220px"></th><th>Request expectations</th><th>Backend definitions</th></tr>
 *   <tr>
 *     <th>Syntax</th>
 *     <td>.expect(...).respond(...)</td>
 *     <td>.when(...).respond(...)</td>
 *   </tr>
 *   <tr>
 *     <th>Typical usage</th>
 *     <td>strict unit tests</td>
 *     <td>loose (black-box) unit testing</td>
 *   </tr>
 *   <tr>
 *     <th>Fulfills multiple requests</th>
 *     <td>NO</td>
 *     <td>YES</td>
 *   </tr>
 *   <tr>
 *     <th>Order of requests matters</th>
 *     <td>YES</td>
 *     <td>NO</td>
 *   </tr>
 *   <tr>
 *     <th>Request required</th>
 *     <td>YES</td>
 *     <td>NO</td>
 *   </tr>
 *   <tr>
 *     <th>Response required</th>
 *     <td>optional (see below)</td>
 *     <td>YES</td>
 *   </tr>
 * </table>
 *
 * In cases where both backend definitions and request expectations are specified during unit
 * testing, the request expectations are evaluated first.
 *
 * If a request expectation has no response specified, the algorithm will search your backend
 * definitions for an appropriate response.
 *
 * If a request didn't match any expectation or if the expectation doesn't have the response
 * defined, the backend definitions are evaluated in sequential order to see if any of them match
 * the request. The response from the first matched definition is returned.
 *
 *
 * ## Flushing HTTP requests
 *
 * The $httpBackend used in production always responds to requests asynchronously. If we preserved
 * this behavior in unit testing, we'd have to create async unit tests, which are hard to write,
 * to follow and to maintain. But neither can the testing mock respond synchronously; that would
 * change the execution of the code under test. For this reason, the mock $httpBackend has a
 * `flush()` method, which allows the test to explicitly flush pending requests. This preserves
 * the async api of the backend, while allowing the test to execute synchronously.
 *
 *
 * ## Unit testing with mock $httpBackend
 * The following code shows how to setup and use the mock backend when unit testing a controller.
 * First we create the controller under test:
 *
  ```js
  // The module code
  angular
    .module('MyApp', [])
    .controller('MyController', MyController);

  // The controller code
  function MyController($scope, $http) {
    var authToken;

    $http.get('/auth.py').then(function(response) {
      authToken = response.headers('A-Token');
      $scope.user = response.data;
    }).catch(function() {
      $scope.status = 'Failed...';
    });

    $scope.saveMessage = function(message) {
      var headers = { 'Authorization': authToken };
      $scope.status = 'Saving...';

      $http.post('/add-msg.py', message, { headers: headers } ).then(function(response) {
        $scope.status = '';
      }).catch(function() {
        $scope.status = 'Failed...';
      });
    };
  }
  ```
 *
 * Now we setup the mock backend and create the test specs:
 *
  ```js
    // testing controller
    describe('MyController', function() {
       var $httpBackend, $rootScope, createController, authRequestHandler;

       // Set up the module
       beforeEach(module('MyApp'));

       beforeEach(inject(function($injector) {
         // Set up the mock http service responses
         $httpBackend = $injector.get('$httpBackend');
         // backend definition common for all tests
         authRequestHandler = $httpBackend.when('GET', '/auth.py')
                                .respond({userId: 'userX'}, {'A-Token': 'xxx'});

         // Get hold of a scope (i.e. the root scope)
         $rootScope = $injector.get('$rootScope');
         // The $controller service is used to create instances of controllers
         var $controller = $injector.get('$controller');

         createController = function() {
           return $controller('MyController', {'$scope' : $rootScope });
         };
       }));


       afterEach(function() {
         $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
         $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
       });


       it('should fetch authentication token', function() {
         $httpBackend.expectGET('/auth.py');
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();
       });


       it('should fail authentication', function() {

         // Notice how you can change the response even after it was set
         authRequestHandler.respond(401, '');

         $httpBackend.expectGET('/auth.py');
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();
         expect($rootScope.status).toBe('Failed...');
       });


       it('should send msg to server', function() {
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();

         // now you don’t care about the authentication, but
         // the controller will still send the request and
         // $httpBackend will respond without you having to
         // specify the expectation and response for this request

         $httpBackend.expectPOST('/add-msg.py', 'message content').respond(201, '');
         $rootScope.saveMessage('message content');
         expect($rootScope.status).toBe('Saving...');
         $httpBackend.flush();
         expect($rootScope.status).toBe('');
       });


       it('should send auth header', function() {
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();

         $httpBackend.expectPOST('/add-msg.py', undefined, function(headers) {
           // check if the header was sent, if it wasn't the expectation won't
           // match the request and the test will fail
           return headers['Authorization'] === 'xxx';
         }).respond(201, '');

         $rootScope.saveMessage('whatever');
         $httpBackend.flush();
       });
    });
  ```
 *
 * ## Dynamic responses
 *
 * You define a response to a request by chaining a call to `respond()` onto a definition or expectation.
 * If you provide a **callback** as the first parameter to `respond(callback)` then you can dynamically generate
 * a response based on the properties of the request.
 *
 * The `callback` function should be of the form `function(method, url, data, headers, params)`.
 *
 * ### Query parameters
 *
 * By default, query parameters on request URLs are parsed into the `params` object. So a request URL
 * of `/list?q=searchstr&orderby=-name` would set `params` to be `{q: 'searchstr', orderby: '-name'}`.
 *
 * ### Regex parameter matching
 *
 * If an expectation or definition uses a **regex** to match the URL, you can provide an array of **keys** via a
 * `params` argument. The index of each **key** in the array will match the index of a **group** in the
 * **regex**.
 *
 * The `params` object in the **callback** will now have properties with these keys, which hold the value of the
 * corresponding **group** in the **regex**.
 *
 * This also applies to the `when` and `expect` shortcut methods.
 *
 *
 * ```js
 *   $httpBackend.expect('GET', /\/user\/(.+)/, undefined, undefined, ['id'])
 *     .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
 *       // for requested url of '/user/1234' params is {id: '1234'}
 *     });
 *
 *   $httpBackend.whenPATCH(/\/user\/(.+)\/article\/(.+)/, undefined, undefined, ['user', 'article'])
 *     .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
 *       // for url of '/user/1234/article/567' params is {user: '1234', article: '567'}
 *     });
 * ```
 *
 * ## Matching route requests
 *
 * For extra convenience, `whenRoute` and `expectRoute` shortcuts are available. These methods offer colon
 * delimited matching of the url path, ignoring the query string and trailing slashes. This allows declarations
 * similar to how application routes are configured with `$routeProvider`. Because these methods convert
 * the definition url to regex, declaration order is important. Combined with query parameter parsing,
 * the following is possible:
 *
  ```js
    $httpBackend.whenRoute('GET', '/users/:id')
      .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
        return [200, MockUserList[Number(params.id)]];
      });

    $httpBackend.whenRoute('GET', '/users')
      .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
        var userList = angular.copy(MockUserList),
          defaultSort = 'lastName',
          count, pages, isPrevious, isNext;

        // paged api response '/v1/users?page=2'
        params.page = Number(params.page) || 1;

        // query for last names '/v1/users?q=Archer'
        if (params.q) {
          userList = $filter('filter')({lastName: params.q});
        }

        pages = Math.ceil(userList.length / pagingLength);
        isPrevious = params.page > 1;
        isNext = params.page < pages;

        return [200, {
          count:    userList.length,
          previous: isPrevious,
          next:     isNext,
          // sort field -> '/v1/users?sortBy=firstName'
          results:  $filter('orderBy')(userList, params.sortBy || defaultSort)
                      .splice((params.page - 1) * pagingLength, pagingLength)
        }];
      });
  ```
 */
angular.mock.$httpBackendDecorator =
  ['$rootScope', '$timeout', '$delegate', createHttpBackendMock];

/**
 * General factory function for $httpBackend mock.
 * Returns instance for unit testing (when no arguments specified):
 *   - passing through is disabled
 *   - auto flushing is disabled
 *
 * Returns instance for e2e testing (when `$delegate` and `$browser` specified):
 *   - passing through (delegating request to real backend) is enabled
 *   - auto flushing is enabled
 *
 * @param {Object=} $delegate Real $httpBackend instance (allow passing through if specified)
 * @param {Object=} $browser Auto-flushing enabled if specified
 * @return {Object} Instance of $httpBackend mock
 */
function createHttpBackendMock($rootScope, $timeout, $delegate, $browser) {
  var definitions = [],
      expectations = [],
      matchLatestDefinition = false,
      responses = [],
      responsesPush = angular.bind(responses, responses.push),
      copy = angular.copy,
      // We cache the original backend so that if both ngMock and ngMockE2E override the
      // service the ngMockE2E version can pass through to the real backend
      originalHttpBackend = $delegate.$$originalHttpBackend || $delegate;

  function createResponse(status, data, headers, statusText) {
    if (angular.isFunction(status)) return status;

    return function() {
      return angular.isNumber(status)
          ? [status, data, headers, statusText, 'complete']
          : [200, status, data, headers, 'complete'];
    };
  }

  // TODO(vojta): change params to: method, url, data, headers, callback
  function $httpBackend(method, url, data, callback, headers, timeout, withCredentials, responseType, eventHandlers, uploadEventHandlers) {

    var xhr = new MockXhr(),
        expectation = expectations[0],
        wasExpected = false;

    xhr.$$events = eventHandlers;
    xhr.upload.$$events = uploadEventHandlers;

    function prettyPrint(data) {
      return (angular.isString(data) || angular.isFunction(data) || data instanceof RegExp)
          ? data
          : angular.toJson(data);
    }

    function wrapResponse(wrapped) {
      if (!$browser && timeout) {
        if (timeout.then) {
          timeout.then(function() {
            handlePrematureEnd(angular.isDefined(timeout.$$timeoutId) ? 'timeout' : 'abort');
          });
        } else {
          $timeout(function() {
            handlePrematureEnd('timeout');
          }, timeout);
        }
      }

      handleResponse.description = method + ' ' + url;
      return handleResponse;

      function handleResponse() {
        var response = wrapped.response(method, url, data, headers, wrapped.params(url));
        xhr.$$respHeaders = response[2];
        callback(copy(response[0]), copy(response[1]), xhr.getAllResponseHeaders(),
                 copy(response[3] || ''), copy(response[4]));
      }

      function handlePrematureEnd(reason) {
        for (var i = 0, ii = responses.length; i < ii; i++) {
          if (responses[i] === handleResponse) {
            responses.splice(i, 1);
            callback(-1, undefined, '', undefined, reason);
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }

    if (expectation && expectation.match(method, url)) {
      var expectationError;

      if (!expectation.matchData(data)) {
        expectationError = new Error('Expected ' + expectation + ' with different data\n' +
          'EXPECTED: ' + prettyPrint(expectation.data) + '\n' +
          'GOT:      ' + data);
      }

      if (!expectation.matchHeaders(headers)) {
        expectationError = new Error('Expected ' + expectation + ' with different headers\n' +
          'EXPECTED: ' + prettyPrint(expectation.headers) + '\n' +
          'GOT:      ' + prettyPrint(headers));
      }

      if (expectationError) {
        // In addition to be being converted to a rejection, this error also needs to be passed to
        // the $exceptionHandler and be rethrown (so that the test fails).
        expectationError.$$passToExceptionHandler = true;
        throw expectationError;
      }

      expectations.shift();

      if (expectation.response) {
        responses.push(wrapResponse(expectation));
        return;
      }
      wasExpected = true;
    }

    var i = matchLatestDefinition ? definitions.length : -1, definition;

    while ((definition = definitions[matchLatestDefinition ? --i : ++i])) {
      if (definition.match(method, url, data, headers || {})) {
        if (definition.response) {
          // if $browser specified, we do auto flush all requests
          ($browser ? $browser.defer : responsesPush)(wrapResponse(definition));
        } else if (definition.passThrough) {
          originalHttpBackend(method, url, data, callback, headers, timeout, withCredentials, responseType, eventHandlers, uploadEventHandlers);
        } else throw new Error('No response defined !');
        return;
      }
    }
    var error = wasExpected ?
        new Error('No response defined !') :
        new Error('Unexpected request: ' + method + ' ' + url + '\n' +
                  (expectation ? 'Expected ' + expectation : 'No more request expected'));

    // In addition to be being converted to a rejection, this error also needs to be passed to
    // the $exceptionHandler and be rethrown (so that the test fails).
    error.$$passToExceptionHandler = true;

    throw error;
  }

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#when
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition.
   *
   * @param {string} method HTTP method.
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
   *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   *
   *  - respond –
   *      ```js
   *      {function([status,] data[, headers, statusText])
   *      | function(function(method, url, data, headers, params)}
   *      ```
   *    – The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can
   *    return an array containing response status (number), response data (Array|Object|string),
   *    response headers (Object), HTTP status text (string), and XMLHttpRequest status (string:
   *    `complete`, `error`, `timeout` or `abort`). The respond method returns the `requestHandler`
   *    object for possible overrides.
   */
  $httpBackend.when = function(method, url, data, headers, keys) {

    assertArgDefined(arguments, 1, 'url');

    var definition = new MockHttpExpectation(method, url, data, headers, keys),
        chain = {
          respond: function(status, data, headers, statusText) {
            definition.passThrough = undefined;
            definition.response = createResponse(status, data, headers, statusText);
            return chain;
          }
        };

    if ($browser) {
      chain.passThrough = function() {
        definition.response = undefined;
        definition.passThrough = true;
        return chain;
      };
    }

    definitions.push(definition);
    return chain;
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name  $httpBackend#matchLatestDefinition
   * @description
   * This method can be used to change which mocked responses `$httpBackend` returns, when defining
   * them with {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#when $httpBackend.when()} (and shortcut methods).
   * By default, `$httpBackend` returns the first definition that matches. When setting
   * `$http.matchLatestDefinition(true)`, it will use the last response that matches, i.e. the
   * one that was added last.
   *
   * ```js
   * hb.when('GET', '/url1').respond(200, 'content', {});
   * hb.when('GET', '/url1').respond(201, 'another', {});
   * hb('GET', '/url1'); // receives "content"
   *
   * $http.matchLatestDefinition(true)
   * hb('GET', '/url1'); // receives "another"
   *
   * hb.when('GET', '/url1').respond(201, 'onemore', {});
   * hb('GET', '/url1'); // receives "onemore"
   * ```
   *
   * This is useful if a you have a default response that is overriden inside specific tests.
   *
   * Note that different from config methods on providers, `matchLatestDefinition()` can be changed
   * even when the application is already running.
   *
   * @param  {Boolean=} value value to set, either `true` or `false`. Default is `false`.
   *                          If omitted, it will return the current value.
   * @return {$httpBackend|Boolean} self when used as a setter, and the current value when used
   *                                as a getter
   */
  $httpBackend.matchLatestDefinitionEnabled = function(value) {
    if (isDefined(value)) {
      matchLatestDefinition = value;
      return this;
    } else {
      return matchLatestDefinition;
    }
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenGET
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition for GET requests. For more info see `when()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenHEAD
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition for HEAD requests. For more info see `when()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenDELETE
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition for DELETE requests. For more info see `when()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenPOST
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition for POST requests. For more info see `when()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
   *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenPUT
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition for PUT requests.  For more info see `when()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
   *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenJSONP
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition for JSONP requests. For more info see `when()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */
  createShortMethods('when');

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#whenRoute
   * @description
   * Creates a new backend definition that compares only with the requested route.
   *
   * @param {string} method HTTP method.
   * @param {string} url HTTP url string that supports colon param matching.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   * See {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#when `when`} for more info.
   */
  $httpBackend.whenRoute = function(method, url) {
    var pathObj = routeToRegExp(url, {caseInsensitiveMatch: true, ignoreTrailingSlashes: true});
    return $httpBackend.when(method, pathObj.regexp, undefined, undefined, pathObj.keys);
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expect
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation.
   *
   * @param {string} method HTTP method.
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
   *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
   *  is in JSON format.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *  request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *  order to change how a matched request is handled.
   *
   *  - respond –
   *      ```js
   *      {function([status,] data[, headers, statusText])
   *      | function(function(method, url, data, headers, params)}
   *      ```
   *    – The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can
   *    return an array containing response status (number), response data (Array|Object|string),
   *    response headers (Object), HTTP status text (string), and XMLHttpRequest status (string:
   *    `complete`, `error`, `timeout` or `abort`). The respond method returns the `requestHandler`
   *    object for possible overrides.
   */
  $httpBackend.expect = function(method, url, data, headers, keys) {

    assertArgDefined(arguments, 1, 'url');

    var expectation = new MockHttpExpectation(method, url, data, headers, keys),
        chain = {
          respond: function(status, data, headers, statusText) {
            expectation.response = createResponse(status, data, headers, statusText);
            return chain;
          }
        };

    expectations.push(expectation);
    return chain;
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectGET
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for GET requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled. See #expect for more info.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectHEAD
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for HEAD requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectDELETE
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for DELETE requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectPOST
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for POST requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
   *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
   *  is in JSON format.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectPUT
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for PUT requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
   *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
   *  is in JSON format.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectPATCH
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for PATCH requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
   *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
   *  is in JSON format.
   * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
   *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectJSONP
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation for JSONP requests. For more info see `expect()`.
   *
   * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives an url
   *   and returns true if the url matches the current expectation.
   * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
   */
  createShortMethods('expect');

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#expectRoute
   * @description
   * Creates a new request expectation that compares only with the requested route.
   *
   * @param {string} method HTTP method.
   * @param {string} url HTTP url string that supports colon param matching.
   * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
   * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
   * order to change how a matched request is handled.
   * See {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#expect `expect`} for more info.
   */
  $httpBackend.expectRoute = function(method, url) {
    var pathObj = routeToRegExp(url, {caseInsensitiveMatch: true, ignoreTrailingSlashes: true});
    return $httpBackend.expect(method, pathObj.regexp, undefined, undefined, pathObj.keys);
  };


  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#flush
   * @description
   * Flushes pending requests using the trained responses. Requests are flushed in the order they
   * were made, but it is also possible to skip one or more requests (for example to have them
   * flushed later). This is useful for simulating scenarios where responses arrive from the server
   * in any order.
   *
   * If there are no pending requests to flush when the method is called, an exception is thrown (as
   * this is typically a sign of programming error).
   *
   * @param {number=} count - Number of responses to flush. If undefined/null, all pending requests
   *     (starting after `skip`) will be flushed.
   * @param {number=} [skip=0] - Number of pending requests to skip. For example, a value of `5`
   *     would skip the first 5 pending requests and start flushing from the 6th onwards.
   */
  $httpBackend.flush = function(count, skip, digest) {
    if (digest !== false) $rootScope.$digest();

    skip = skip || 0;
    if (skip >= responses.length) throw new Error('No pending request to flush !');

    if (angular.isDefined(count) && count !== null) {
      while (count--) {
        var part = responses.splice(skip, 1);
        if (!part.length) throw new Error('No more pending request to flush !');
        part[0]();
      }
    } else {
      while (responses.length > skip) {
        responses.splice(skip, 1)[0]();
      }
    }
    $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation(digest);
  };


  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#verifyNoOutstandingExpectation
   * @description
   * Verifies that all of the requests defined via the `expect` api were made. If any of the
   * requests were not made, verifyNoOutstandingExpectation throws an exception.
   *
   * Typically, you would call this method following each test case that asserts requests using an
   * "afterEach" clause.
   *
   * ```js
   *   afterEach($httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation);
   * ```
   */
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation = function(digest) {
    if (digest !== false) $rootScope.$digest();
    if (expectations.length) {
      throw new Error('Unsatisfied requests: ' + expectations.join(', '));
    }
  };


  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#verifyNoOutstandingRequest
   * @description
   * Verifies that there are no outstanding requests that need to be flushed.
   *
   * Typically, you would call this method following each test case that asserts requests using an
   * "afterEach" clause.
   *
   * ```js
   *   afterEach($httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest);
   * ```
   */
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest = function(digest) {
    if (digest !== false) $rootScope.$digest();
    if (responses.length) {
      var unflushedDescriptions = responses.map(function(res) { return res.description; });
      throw new Error('Unflushed requests: ' + responses.length + '\n  ' +
                      unflushedDescriptions.join('\n  '));
    }
  };


  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $httpBackend#resetExpectations
   * @description
   * Resets all request expectations, but preserves all backend definitions. Typically, you would
   * call resetExpectations during a multiple-phase test when you want to reuse the same instance of
   * $httpBackend mock.
   */
  $httpBackend.resetExpectations = function() {
    expectations.length = 0;
    responses.length = 0;
  };

  $httpBackend.$$originalHttpBackend = originalHttpBackend;

  return $httpBackend;


  function createShortMethods(prefix) {
    angular.forEach(['GET', 'DELETE', 'JSONP', 'HEAD'], function(method) {
     $httpBackend[prefix + method] = function(url, headers, keys) {
        assertArgDefined(arguments, 0, 'url');

        // Change url to `null` if `undefined` to stop it throwing an exception further down
        if (angular.isUndefined(url)) url = null;

       return $httpBackend[prefix](method, url, undefined, headers, keys);
     };
    });

    angular.forEach(['PUT', 'POST', 'PATCH'], function(method) {
      $httpBackend[prefix + method] = function(url, data, headers, keys) {
        assertArgDefined(arguments, 0, 'url');

        // Change url to `null` if `undefined` to stop it throwing an exception further down
        if (angular.isUndefined(url)) url = null;

        return $httpBackend[prefix](method, url, data, headers, keys);
      };
    });
  }
}

function assertArgDefined(args, index, name) {
  if (args.length > index && angular.isUndefined(args[index])) {
    throw new Error('Undefined argument `' + name + '`; the argument is provided but not defined');
  }
}


function MockHttpExpectation(method, url, data, headers, keys) {

  function getUrlParams(u) {
    var params = u.slice(u.indexOf('?') + 1).split('&');
    return params.sort();
  }

  function compareUrl(u) {
    return (url.slice(0, url.indexOf('?')) === u.slice(0, u.indexOf('?')) &&
      getUrlParams(url).join() === getUrlParams(u).join());
  }

  this.data = data;
  this.headers = headers;

  this.match = function(m, u, d, h) {
    if (method !== m) return false;
    if (!this.matchUrl(u)) return false;
    if (angular.isDefined(d) && !this.matchData(d)) return false;
    if (angular.isDefined(h) && !this.matchHeaders(h)) return false;
    return true;
  };

  this.matchUrl = function(u) {
    if (!url) return true;
    if (angular.isFunction(url.test)) return url.test(u);
    if (angular.isFunction(url)) return url(u);
    return (url === u || compareUrl(u));
  };

  this.matchHeaders = function(h) {
    if (angular.isUndefined(headers)) return true;
    if (angular.isFunction(headers)) return headers(h);
    return angular.equals(headers, h);
  };

  this.matchData = function(d) {
    if (angular.isUndefined(data)) return true;
    if (data && angular.isFunction(data.test)) return data.test(d);
    if (data && angular.isFunction(data)) return data(d);
    if (data && !angular.isString(data)) {
      return angular.equals(angular.fromJson(angular.toJson(data)), angular.fromJson(d));
    }
    // eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
    return data == d;
  };

  this.toString = function() {
    return method + ' ' + url;
  };

  this.params = function(u) {
    return angular.extend(parseQuery(), pathParams());

    function pathParams() {
      var keyObj = {};
      if (!url || !angular.isFunction(url.test) || !keys || keys.length === 0) return keyObj;

      var m = url.exec(u);
      if (!m) return keyObj;
      for (var i = 1, len = m.length; i < len; ++i) {
        var key = keys[i - 1];
        var val = m[i];
        if (key && val) {
          keyObj[key.name || key] = val;
        }
      }

      return keyObj;
    }

    function parseQuery() {
      var obj = {}, key_value, key,
          queryStr = u.indexOf('?') > -1
          ? u.substring(u.indexOf('?') + 1)
          : '';

      angular.forEach(queryStr.split('&'), function(keyValue) {
        if (keyValue) {
          key_value = keyValue.replace(/\+/g,'%20').split('=');
          key = tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[0]);
          if (angular.isDefined(key)) {
            var val = angular.isDefined(key_value[1]) ? tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[1]) : true;
            if (!hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
              obj[key] = val;
            } else if (angular.isArray(obj[key])) {
              obj[key].push(val);
            } else {
              obj[key] = [obj[key],val];
            }
          }
        }
      });
      return obj;
    }
    function tryDecodeURIComponent(value) {
      try {
        return decodeURIComponent(value);
      } catch (e) {
        // Ignore any invalid uri component
      }
    }
  };
}

function createMockXhr() {
  return new MockXhr();
}

function MockXhr() {

  // hack for testing $http, $httpBackend
  MockXhr.$$lastInstance = this;

  this.open = function(method, url, async) {
    this.$$method = method;
    this.$$url = url;
    this.$$async = async;
    this.$$reqHeaders = {};
    this.$$respHeaders = {};
  };

  this.send = function(data) {
    this.$$data = data;
  };

  this.setRequestHeader = function(key, value) {
    this.$$reqHeaders[key] = value;
  };

  this.getResponseHeader = function(name) {
    // the lookup must be case insensitive,
    // that's why we try two quick lookups first and full scan last
    var header = this.$$respHeaders[name];
    if (header) return header;

    name = angular.$$lowercase(name);
    header = this.$$respHeaders[name];
    if (header) return header;

    header = undefined;
    angular.forEach(this.$$respHeaders, function(headerVal, headerName) {
      if (!header && angular.$$lowercase(headerName) === name) header = headerVal;
    });
    return header;
  };

  this.getAllResponseHeaders = function() {
    var lines = [];

    angular.forEach(this.$$respHeaders, function(value, key) {
      lines.push(key + ': ' + value);
    });
    return lines.join('\n');
  };

  this.abort = function() {
    if (isFunction(this.onabort)) {
      this.onabort();
    }
  };

  // This section simulates the events on a real XHR object (and the upload object)
  // When we are testing $httpBackend (inside the AngularJS project) we make partial use of this
  // but store the events directly ourselves on `$$events`, instead of going through the `addEventListener`
  this.$$events = {};
  this.addEventListener = function(name, listener) {
    if (angular.isUndefined(this.$$events[name])) this.$$events[name] = [];
    this.$$events[name].push(listener);
  };

  this.upload = {
    $$events: {},
    addEventListener: this.addEventListener
  };
}


/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $timeout
 * @description
 *
 * This service is just a simple decorator for {@link ng.$timeout $timeout} service
 * that adds a "flush" and "verifyNoPendingTasks" methods.
 */

angular.mock.$TimeoutDecorator = ['$delegate', '$browser', function($delegate, $browser) {

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $timeout#flush
   *
   * @deprecated
   * sinceVersion="1.7.3"
   *
   * This method flushes all types of tasks (not only timeouts), which is unintuitive.
   * It is recommended to use {@link ngMock.$flushPendingTasks} instead.
   *
   * @description
   *
   * Flushes the queue of pending tasks.
   *
   * _This method is essentially an alias of {@link ngMock.$flushPendingTasks}._
   *
   * <div class="alert alert-warning">
   *   For historical reasons, this method will also flush non-`$timeout` pending tasks, such as
   *   {@link $q} promises and tasks scheduled via
   *   {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$applyAsync $applyAsync} and
   *   {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$evalAsync $evalAsync}.
   * </div>
   *
   * @param {number=} delay maximum timeout amount to flush up until
   */
  $delegate.flush = function(delay) {
    // For historical reasons, `$timeout.flush()` flushes all types of pending tasks.
    // Keep the same behavior for backwards compatibility (and because it doesn't make sense to
    // selectively flush scheduled events out of order).
    $browser.defer.flush(delay);
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $timeout#verifyNoPendingTasks
   *
   * @deprecated
   * sinceVersion="1.7.3"
   *
   * This method takes all types of tasks (not only timeouts) into account, which is unintuitive.
   * It is recommended to use {@link ngMock.$verifyNoPendingTasks} instead, which additionally
   * allows checking for timeouts only (with `$verifyNoPendingTasks('$timeout')`).
   *
   * @description
   *
   * Verifies that there are no pending tasks that need to be flushed. It throws an error if there
   * are still pending tasks.
   *
   * _This method is essentially an alias of {@link ngMock.$verifyNoPendingTasks} (called with no
   * arguments)._
   *
   * <div class="alert alert-warning">
   *   <p>
   *     For historical reasons, this method will also verify non-`$timeout` pending tasks, such as
   *     pending {@link $http} requests, in-progress {@link $route} transitions, unresolved
   *     {@link $q} promises and tasks scheduled via
   *     {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$applyAsync $applyAsync} and
   *     {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$evalAsync $evalAsync}.
   *   </p>
   *   <p>
   *     It is recommended to use {@link ngMock.$verifyNoPendingTasks} instead, which additionally
   *     supports verifying a specific type of tasks. For example, you can verify there are no
   *     pending timeouts with `$verifyNoPendingTasks('$timeout')`.
   *   </p>
   * </div>
   */
  $delegate.verifyNoPendingTasks = function() {
    // For historical reasons, `$timeout.verifyNoPendingTasks()` takes all types of pending tasks
    // into account. Keep the same behavior for backwards compatibility.
    var pendingTasks = $browser.defer.getPendingTasks();

    if (pendingTasks.length) {
      var formattedTasks = $browser.defer.formatPendingTasks(pendingTasks).join('\n  ');
      var hasPendingTimeout = pendingTasks.some(function(task) { return task.type === '$timeout'; });
      var extraMessage = hasPendingTimeout ? '' : '\n\nNone of the pending tasks are timeouts. ' +
          'If you only want to verify pending timeouts, use ' +
          '`$verifyNoPendingTasks(\'$timeout\')` instead.';

      throw new Error('Deferred tasks to flush (' + pendingTasks.length + '):\n  ' +
          formattedTasks + extraMessage);
    }
  };

  return $delegate;
}];

angular.mock.$RAFDecorator = ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
  var rafFn = function(fn) {
    var index = rafFn.queue.length;
    rafFn.queue.push(fn);
    return function() {
      rafFn.queue.splice(index, 1);
    };
  };

  rafFn.queue = [];
  rafFn.supported = $delegate.supported;

  rafFn.flush = function() {
    if (rafFn.queue.length === 0) {
      throw new Error('No rAF callbacks present');
    }

    var length = rafFn.queue.length;
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      rafFn.queue[i]();
    }

    rafFn.queue = rafFn.queue.slice(i);
  };

  return rafFn;
}];

/**
 *
 */
var originalRootElement;
angular.mock.$RootElementProvider = function() {
  this.$get = ['$injector', function($injector) {
    originalRootElement = angular.element('<div ng-app></div>').data('$injector', $injector);
    return originalRootElement;
  }];
};

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $controller
 * @description
 * A decorator for {@link ng.$controller} with additional `bindings` parameter, useful when testing
 * controllers of directives that use {@link $compile#-bindtocontroller- `bindToController`}.
 *
 * ## Example
 *
 * ```js
 *
 * // Directive definition ...
 *
 * myMod.directive('myDirective', {
 *   controller: 'MyDirectiveController',
 *   bindToController: {
 *     name: '@'
 *   }
 * });
 *
 *
 * // Controller definition ...
 *
 * myMod.controller('MyDirectiveController', ['$log', function($log) {
 *   this.log = function() {
 *     $log.info(this.name);
 *   };
 * }]);
 *
 *
 * // In a test ...
 *
 * describe('myDirectiveController', function() {
 *   describe('log()', function() {
 *     it('should write the bound name to the log', inject(function($controller, $log) {
 *       var ctrl = $controller('MyDirectiveController', { /* no locals &#42;/ }, { name: 'Clark Kent' });
 *       ctrl.log();
 *
 *       expect(ctrl.name).toEqual('Clark Kent');
 *       expect($log.info.logs).toEqual(['Clark Kent']);
 *     }));
 *   });
 * });
 *
 * ```
 *
 * @param {Function|string} constructor If called with a function then it's considered to be the
 *    controller constructor function. Otherwise it's considered to be a string which is used
 *    to retrieve the controller constructor using the following steps:
 *
 *    * check if a controller with given name is registered via `$controllerProvider`
 *    * check if evaluating the string on the current scope returns a constructor
 *
 *    The string can use the `controller as property` syntax, where the controller instance is published
 *    as the specified property on the `scope`; the `scope` must be injected into `locals` param for this
 *    to work correctly.
 *
 * @param {Object} locals Injection locals for Controller.
 * @param {Object=} bindings Properties to add to the controller instance. This is used to simulate
 *                           the `bindToController` feature and simplify certain kinds of tests.
 * @return {Object} Instance of given controller.
 */
function createControllerDecorator() {
  angular.mock.$ControllerDecorator = ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
    return function(expression, locals, later, ident) {
      if (later && typeof later === 'object') {
        var instantiate = $delegate(expression, locals, true, ident);
        var instance = instantiate();
        angular.extend(instance, later);
        return instance;
      }
      return $delegate(expression, locals, later, ident);
    };
  }];

  return angular.mock.$ControllerDecorator;
}

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $componentController
 * @description
 * A service that can be used to create instances of component controllers. Useful for unit-testing.
 *
 * Be aware that the controller will be instantiated and attached to the scope as specified in
 * the component definition object. If you do not provide a `$scope` object in the `locals` param
 * then the helper will create a new isolated scope as a child of `$rootScope`.
 *
 * If you are using `$element` or `$attrs` in the controller, make sure to provide them as `locals`.
 * The `$element` must be a jqLite-wrapped DOM element, and `$attrs` should be an object that
 * has all properties / functions that you are using in the controller. If this is getting too complex,
 * you should compile the component instead and access the component's controller via the
 * {@link angular.element#methods `controller`} function.
 *
 * See also the section on {@link guide/component#unit-testing-component-controllers unit-testing component controllers}
 * in the guide.
 *
 * @param {string} componentName the name of the component whose controller we want to instantiate
 * @param {Object} locals Injection locals for Controller.
 * @param {Object=} bindings Properties to add to the controller before invoking the constructor. This is used
 *                           to simulate the `bindToController` feature and simplify certain kinds of tests.
 * @param {string=} ident Override the property name to use when attaching the controller to the scope.
 * @return {Object} Instance of requested controller.
 */
angular.mock.$ComponentControllerProvider = ['$compileProvider',
    function ComponentControllerProvider($compileProvider) {
  this.$get = ['$controller','$injector', '$rootScope', function($controller, $injector, $rootScope) {
    return function $componentController(componentName, locals, bindings, ident) {
      // get all directives associated to the component name
      var directives = $injector.get(componentName + 'Directive');
      // look for those directives that are components
      var candidateDirectives = directives.filter(function(directiveInfo) {
        // components have controller, controllerAs and restrict:'E'
        return directiveInfo.controller && directiveInfo.controllerAs && directiveInfo.restrict === 'E';
      });
      // check if valid directives found
      if (candidateDirectives.length === 0) {
        throw new Error('No component found');
      }
      if (candidateDirectives.length > 1) {
        throw new Error('Too many components found');
      }
      // get the info of the component
      var directiveInfo = candidateDirectives[0];
      // create a scope if needed
      locals = locals || {};
      locals.$scope = locals.$scope || $rootScope.$new(true);
      return $controller(directiveInfo.controller, locals, bindings, ident || directiveInfo.controllerAs);
    };
  }];
}];


/**
 * @ngdoc module
 * @name ngMock
 * @packageName angular-mocks
 * @description
 *
 * The `ngMock` module provides support to inject and mock AngularJS services into unit tests.
 * In addition, ngMock also extends various core AngularJS services such that they can be
 * inspected and controlled in a synchronous manner within test code.
 *
 * @installation
 *
 *  First, download the file:
 *  * [Google CDN](https://developers.google.com/speed/libraries/devguide#angularjs) e.g.
 *    `"//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/X.Y.Z/angular-mocks.js"`
 *  * [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/) e.g. `npm install angular-mocks@X.Y.Z`
 *  * [Yarn](https://yarnpkg.com) e.g. `yarn add angular-mocks@X.Y.Z`
 *  * [Bower](http://bower.io) e.g. `bower install angular-mocks#X.Y.Z`
 *  * [code.angularjs.org](https://code.angularjs.org/) (discouraged for production use)  e.g.
 *    `"//code.angularjs.org/X.Y.Z/angular-mocks.js"`
 *
 * where X.Y.Z is the AngularJS version you are running.
 *
 * Then, configure your test runner to load `angular-mocks.js` after `angular.js`.
 * This example uses <a href="http://karma-runner.github.io/">Karma</a>:
 *
 * ```
 * config.set({
 *   files: [
 *     'build/angular.js', // and other module files you need
 *     'build/angular-mocks.js',
 *     '<path/to/application/files>',
 *     '<path/to/spec/files>'
 *   ]
 * });
 * ```
 *
 * Including the `angular-mocks.js` file automatically adds the `ngMock` module, so your tests
 *  are ready to go!
 */
angular.module('ngMock', ['ng']).provider({
  $browser: angular.mock.$BrowserProvider,
  $exceptionHandler: angular.mock.$ExceptionHandlerProvider,
  $log: angular.mock.$LogProvider,
  $interval: angular.mock.$IntervalProvider,
  $rootElement: angular.mock.$RootElementProvider,
  $componentController: angular.mock.$ComponentControllerProvider,
  $flushPendingTasks: angular.mock.$FlushPendingTasksProvider,
  $verifyNoPendingTasks: angular.mock.$VerifyNoPendingTasksProvider
}).config(['$provide', '$compileProvider', function($provide, $compileProvider) {
  $provide.decorator('$timeout', angular.mock.$TimeoutDecorator);
  $provide.decorator('$$rAF', angular.mock.$RAFDecorator);
  $provide.decorator('$rootScope', angular.mock.$RootScopeDecorator);
  $provide.decorator('$controller', createControllerDecorator($compileProvider));
  $provide.decorator('$httpBackend', angular.mock.$httpBackendDecorator);
}]).info({ angularVersion: '"NG_VERSION_FULL"' });

/**
 * @ngdoc module
 * @name ngMockE2E
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @packageName angular-mocks
 * @description
 *
 * The `ngMockE2E` is an AngularJS module which contains mocks suitable for end-to-end testing.
 * Currently there is only one mock present in this module -
 * the {@link ngMockE2E.$httpBackend e2e $httpBackend} mock.
 */
angular.module('ngMockE2E', ['ng']).config(['$provide', function($provide) {
  $provide.decorator('$httpBackend', angular.mock.e2e.$httpBackendDecorator);
}]).info({ angularVersion: '"NG_VERSION_FULL"' });

/**
 * @ngdoc service
 * @name $httpBackend
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for end-to-end testing or backend-less development of
 * applications that use the {@link ng.$http $http service}.
 *
 * <div class="alert alert-info">
 * **Note**: For fake http backend implementation suitable for unit testing please see
 * {@link ngMock.$httpBackend unit-testing $httpBackend mock}.
 * </div>
 *
 * This implementation can be used to respond with static or dynamic responses via the `when` api
 * and its shortcuts (`whenGET`, `whenPOST`, etc) and optionally pass through requests to the
 * real $httpBackend for specific requests (e.g. to interact with certain remote apis or to fetch
 * templates from a webserver).
 *
 * As opposed to unit-testing, in an end-to-end testing scenario or in scenario when an application
 * is being developed with the real backend api replaced with a mock, it is often desirable for
 * certain category of requests to bypass the mock and issue a real http request (e.g. to fetch
 * templates or static files from the webserver). To configure the backend with this behavior
 * use the `passThrough` request handler of `when` instead of `respond`.
 *
 * Additionally, we don't want to manually have to flush mocked out requests like we do during unit
 * testing. For this reason the e2e $httpBackend flushes mocked out requests
 * automatically, closely simulating the behavior of the XMLHttpRequest object.
 *
 * To setup the application to run with this http backend, you have to create a module that depends
 * on the `ngMockE2E` and your application modules and defines the fake backend:
 *
 * ```js
 *   var myAppDev = angular.module('myAppDev', ['myApp', 'ngMockE2E']);
 *   myAppDev.run(function($httpBackend) {
 *     var phones = [{name: 'phone1'}, {name: 'phone2'}];
 *
 *     // returns the current list of phones
 *     $httpBackend.whenGET('/phones').respond(phones);
 *
 *     // adds a new phone to the phones array
 *     $httpBackend.whenPOST('/phones').respond(function(method, url, data) {
 *       var phone = angular.fromJson(data);
 *       phones.push(phone);
 *       return [200, phone, {}];
 *     });
 *     $httpBackend.whenGET(/^\/templates\//).passThrough(); // Requests for templates are handled by the real server
 *     //...
 *   });
 * ```
 *
 * Afterwards, bootstrap your app with this new module.
 *
 * @example
 * <example name="httpbackend-e2e-testing" module="myAppE2E" deps="angular-mocks.js">
 * <file name="app.js">
 *   var myApp = angular.module('myApp', []);
 *
 *   myApp.controller('MainCtrl', function MainCtrl($http) {
 *     var ctrl = this;
 *
 *     ctrl.phones = [];
 *     ctrl.newPhone = {
 *       name: ''
 *     };
 *
 *     ctrl.getPhones = function() {
 *       $http.get('/phones').then(function(response) {
 *         ctrl.phones = response.data;
 *       });
 *     };
 *
 *     ctrl.addPhone = function(phone) {
 *       $http.post('/phones', phone).then(function() {
 *         ctrl.newPhone = {name: ''};
 *         return ctrl.getPhones();
 *       });
 *     };
 *
 *     ctrl.getPhones();
 *   });
 * </file>
 * <file name="e2e.js">
 *   var myAppDev = angular.module('myAppE2E', ['myApp', 'ngMockE2E']);
 *
 *   myAppDev.run(function($httpBackend) {
 *     var phones = [{name: 'phone1'}, {name: 'phone2'}];
 *
 *     // returns the current list of phones
 *     $httpBackend.whenGET('/phones').respond(phones);
 *
 *     // adds a new phone to the phones array
 *     $httpBackend.whenPOST('/phones').respond(function(method, url, data) {
 *       var phone = angular.fromJson(data);
 *       phones.push(phone);
 *       return [200, phone, {}];
 *     });
 *   });
 * </file>
 * <file name="index.html">
 *   <div ng-controller="MainCtrl as $ctrl">
 *   <form name="newPhoneForm" ng-submit="$ctrl.addPhone($ctrl.newPhone)">
 *     <input type="text" ng-model="$ctrl.newPhone.name">
 *     <input type="submit" value="Add Phone">
 *   </form>
 *   <h1>Phones</h1>
 *   <ul>
 *     <li ng-repeat="phone in $ctrl.phones">{{phone.name}}</li>
 *   </ul>
 *   </div>
 * </file>
 * </example>
 *
 *
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#when
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition.
 *
 * @param {string} method HTTP method.
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
 *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
 *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 *
 *  - respond –
 *    ```
 *    { function([status,] data[, headers, statusText])
 *    | function(function(method, url, data, headers, params)}
 *    ```
 *    – The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can return
 *    an array containing response status (number), response data (Array|Object|string), response
 *    headers (Object), and the text for the status (string).
 *  - passThrough – `{function()}` – Any request matching a backend definition with
 *    `passThrough` handler will be passed through to the real backend (an XHR request will be made
 *    to the server.)
 *  - Both methods return the `requestHandler` object for possible overrides.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenGET
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for GET requests. For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenHEAD
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for HEAD requests. For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenDELETE
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for DELETE requests. For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenPOST
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for POST requests. For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
 *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenPUT
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for PUT requests.  For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
 *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenPATCH
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for PATCH requests.  For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
 *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
 * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */

/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenJSONP
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition for JSONP requests. For more info see `when()`.
 *
 * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)=} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
 *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
 * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
 *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */
/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name $httpBackend#whenRoute
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * Creates a new backend definition that compares only with the requested route.
 *
 * @param {string} method HTTP method.
 * @param {string} url HTTP url string that supports colon param matching.
 * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
 *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
 *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
 */
/**
 * @ngdoc method
 * @name  $httpBackend#matchLatestDefinition
 * @module ngMockE2E
 * @description
 * This method can be used to change which mocked responses `$httpBackend` returns, when defining
 * them with {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#when $httpBackend.when()} (and shortcut methods).
 * By default, `$httpBackend` returns the first definition that matches. When setting
 * `$http.matchLatestDefinition(true)`, it will use the last response that matches, i.e. the
 * one that was added last.
 *
 * ```js
 * hb.when('GET', '/url1').respond(200, 'content', {});
 * hb.when('GET', '/url1').respond(201, 'another', {});
 * hb('GET', '/url1'); // receives "content"
 *
 * $http.matchLatestDefinition(true)
 * hb('GET', '/url1'); // receives "another"
 *
 * hb.when('GET', '/url1').respond(201, 'onemore', {});
 * hb('GET', '/url1'); // receives "onemore"
 * ```
 *
 * This is useful if a you have a default response that is overriden inside specific tests.
 *
 * Note that different from config methods on providers, `matchLatestDefinition()` can be changed
 * even when the application is already running.
 *
 * @param  {Boolean=} value value to set, either `true` or `false`. Default is `false`.
 *                          If omitted, it will return the current value.
 * @return {$httpBackend|Boolean} self when used as a setter, and the current value when used
 *                                as a getter
 */
angular.mock.e2e = {};
angular.mock.e2e.$httpBackendDecorator =
  ['$rootScope', '$timeout', '$delegate', '$browser', createHttpBackendMock];


/**
 * @ngdoc type
 * @name $rootScope.Scope
 * @module ngMock
 * @description
 * {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope Scope} type decorated with helper methods useful for testing. These
 * methods are automatically available on any {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope Scope} instance when
 * `ngMock` module is loaded.
 *
 * In addition to all the regular `Scope` methods, the following helper methods are available:
 */
angular.mock.$RootScopeDecorator = ['$delegate', function($delegate) {

  var $rootScopePrototype = Object.getPrototypeOf($delegate);

  $rootScopePrototype.$countChildScopes = countChildScopes;
  $rootScopePrototype.$countWatchers = countWatchers;

  return $delegate;

  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //

  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $rootScope.Scope#$countChildScopes
   * @module ngMock
   * @this $rootScope.Scope
   * @description
   * Counts all the direct and indirect child scopes of the current scope.
   *
   * The current scope is excluded from the count. The count includes all isolate child scopes.
   *
   * @returns {number} Total number of child scopes.
   */
  function countChildScopes() {
    var count = 0; // exclude the current scope
    var pendingChildHeads = [this.$$childHead];
    var currentScope;

    while (pendingChildHeads.length) {
      currentScope = pendingChildHeads.shift();

      while (currentScope) {
        count += 1;
        pendingChildHeads.push(currentScope.$$childHead);
        currentScope = currentScope.$$nextSibling;
      }
    }

    return count;
  }


  /**
   * @ngdoc method
   * @name $rootScope.Scope#$countWatchers
   * @this $rootScope.Scope
   * @module ngMock
   * @description
   * Counts all the watchers of direct and indirect child scopes of the current scope.
   *
   * The watchers of the current scope are included in the count and so are all the watchers of
   * isolate child scopes.
   *
   * @returns {number} Total number of watchers.
   */
  function countWatchers() {
    var count = this.$$watchers ? this.$$watchers.length : 0; // include the current scope
    var pendingChildHeads = [this.$$childHead];
    var currentScope;

    while (pendingChildHeads.length) {
      currentScope = pendingChildHeads.shift();

      while (currentScope) {
        count += currentScope.$$watchers ? currentScope.$$watchers.length : 0;
        pendingChildHeads.push(currentScope.$$childHead);
        currentScope = currentScope.$$nextSibling;
      }
    }

    return count;
  }
}];


(function(jasmineOrMocha) {

  if (!jasmineOrMocha) {
    return;
  }

  var currentSpec = null,
      injectorState = new InjectorState(),
      annotatedFunctions = [],
      wasInjectorCreated = function() {
        return !!currentSpec;
      };

  angular.mock.$$annotate = angular.injector.$$annotate;
  angular.injector.$$annotate = function(fn) {
    if (typeof fn === 'function' && !fn.$inject) {
      annotatedFunctions.push(fn);
    }
    return angular.mock.$$annotate.apply(this, arguments);
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name angular.mock.module
   * @description
   *
   * *NOTE*: This function is also published on window for easy access.<br>
   * *NOTE*: This function is declared ONLY WHEN running tests with jasmine or mocha
   *
   * This function registers a module configuration code. It collects the configuration information
   * which will be used when the injector is created by {@link angular.mock.inject inject}.
   *
   * See {@link angular.mock.inject inject} for usage example
   *
   * @param {...(string|Function|Object)} fns any number of modules which are represented as string
   *        aliases or as anonymous module initialization functions. The modules are used to
   *        configure the injector. The 'ng' and 'ngMock' modules are automatically loaded. If an
   *        object literal is passed each key-value pair will be registered on the module via
   *        {@link auto.$provide $provide}.value, the key being the string name (or token) to associate
   *        with the value on the injector.
   */
  var module = window.module = angular.mock.module = function() {
    var moduleFns = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
    return wasInjectorCreated() ? workFn() : workFn;
    /////////////////////
    function workFn() {
      if (currentSpec.$injector) {
        throw new Error('Injector already created, can not register a module!');
      } else {
        var fn, modules = currentSpec.$modules || (currentSpec.$modules = []);
        angular.forEach(moduleFns, function(module) {
          if (angular.isObject(module) && !angular.isArray(module)) {
            fn = ['$provide', function($provide) {
              angular.forEach(module, function(value, key) {
                $provide.value(key, value);
              });
            }];
          } else {
            fn = module;
          }
          if (currentSpec.$providerInjector) {
            currentSpec.$providerInjector.invoke(fn);
          } else {
            modules.push(fn);
          }
        });
      }
    }
  };

  module.$$beforeAllHook = (window.before || window.beforeAll);
  module.$$afterAllHook = (window.after || window.afterAll);

  // purely for testing ngMock itself
  module.$$currentSpec = function(to) {
    if (arguments.length === 0) return to;
    currentSpec = to;
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name angular.mock.module.sharedInjector
   * @description
   *
   * *NOTE*: This function is declared ONLY WHEN running tests with jasmine or mocha
   *
   * This function ensures a single injector will be used for all tests in a given describe context.
   * This contrasts with the default behaviour where a new injector is created per test case.
   *
   * Use sharedInjector when you want to take advantage of Jasmine's `beforeAll()`, or mocha's
   * `before()` methods. Call `module.sharedInjector()` before you setup any other hooks that
   * will create (i.e call `module()`) or use (i.e call `inject()`) the injector.
   *
   * You cannot call `sharedInjector()` from within a context already using `sharedInjector()`.
   *
   * ## Example
   *
   * Typically beforeAll is used to make many assertions about a single operation. This can
   * cut down test run-time as the test setup doesn't need to be re-run, and enabling focussed
   * tests each with a single assertion.
   *
   * ```js
   * describe("Deep Thought", function() {
   *
   *   module.sharedInjector();
   *
   *   beforeAll(module("UltimateQuestion"));
   *
   *   beforeAll(inject(function(DeepThought) {
   *     expect(DeepThought.answer).toBeUndefined();
   *     DeepThought.generateAnswer();
   *   }));
   *
   *   it("has calculated the answer correctly", inject(function(DeepThought) {
   *     // Because of sharedInjector, we have access to the instance of the DeepThought service
   *     // that was provided to the beforeAll() hook. Therefore we can test the generated answer
   *     expect(DeepThought.answer).toBe(42);
   *   }));
   *
   *   it("has calculated the answer within the expected time", inject(function(DeepThought) {
   *     expect(DeepThought.runTimeMillennia).toBeLessThan(8000);
   *   }));
   *
   *   it("has double checked the answer", inject(function(DeepThought) {
   *     expect(DeepThought.absolutelySureItIsTheRightAnswer).toBe(true);
   *   }));
   *
   * });
   *
   * ```
   */
  module.sharedInjector = function() {
    if (!(module.$$beforeAllHook && module.$$afterAllHook)) {
      throw Error('sharedInjector() cannot be used unless your test runner defines beforeAll/afterAll');
    }

    var initialized = false;

    module.$$beforeAllHook(/** @this */ function() {
      if (injectorState.shared) {
        injectorState.sharedError = Error('sharedInjector() cannot be called inside a context that has already called sharedInjector()');
        throw injectorState.sharedError;
      }
      initialized = true;
      currentSpec = this;
      injectorState.shared = true;
    });

    module.$$afterAllHook(function() {
      if (initialized) {
        injectorState = new InjectorState();
        module.$$cleanup();
      } else {
        injectorState.sharedError = null;
      }
    });
  };

  module.$$beforeEach = function() {
    if (injectorState.shared && currentSpec && currentSpec !== this) {
      var state = currentSpec;
      currentSpec = this;
      angular.forEach(['$injector','$modules','$providerInjector', '$injectorStrict'], function(k) {
        currentSpec[k] = state[k];
        state[k] = null;
      });
    } else {
      currentSpec = this;
      originalRootElement = null;
      annotatedFunctions = [];
    }
  };

  module.$$afterEach = function() {
    if (injectorState.cleanupAfterEach()) {
      module.$$cleanup();
    }
  };

  module.$$cleanup = function() {
    var injector = currentSpec.$injector;

    annotatedFunctions.forEach(function(fn) {
      delete fn.$inject;
    });

    currentSpec.$injector = null;
    currentSpec.$modules = null;
    currentSpec.$providerInjector = null;
    currentSpec = null;

    if (injector) {
      // Ensure `$rootElement` is instantiated, before checking `originalRootElement`
      var $rootElement = injector.get('$rootElement');
      var rootNode = $rootElement && $rootElement[0];
      var cleanUpNodes = !originalRootElement ? [] : [originalRootElement[0]];
      if (rootNode && (!originalRootElement || rootNode !== originalRootElement[0])) {
        cleanUpNodes.push(rootNode);
      }
      angular.element.cleanData(cleanUpNodes);

      // Ensure `$destroy()` is available, before calling it
      // (a mocked `$rootScope` might not implement it (or not even be an object at all))
      var $rootScope = injector.get('$rootScope');
      if ($rootScope && $rootScope.$destroy) $rootScope.$destroy();
    }

    // clean up jquery's fragment cache
    angular.forEach(angular.element.fragments, function(val, key) {
      delete angular.element.fragments[key];
    });

    MockXhr.$$lastInstance = null;

    angular.forEach(angular.callbacks, function(val, key) {
      delete angular.callbacks[key];
    });
    angular.callbacks.$$counter = 0;
  };

  (window.beforeEach || window.setup)(module.$$beforeEach);
  (window.afterEach || window.teardown)(module.$$afterEach);

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name angular.mock.inject
   * @description
   *
   * *NOTE*: This function is also published on window for easy access.<br>
   * *NOTE*: This function is declared ONLY WHEN running tests with jasmine or mocha
   *
   * The inject function wraps a function into an injectable function. The inject() creates new
   * instance of {@link auto.$injector $injector} per test, which is then used for
   * resolving references.
   *
   *
   * ## Resolving References (Underscore Wrapping)
   * Often, we would like to inject a reference once, in a `beforeEach()` block and reuse this
   * in multiple `it()` clauses. To be able to do this we must assign the reference to a variable
   * that is declared in the scope of the `describe()` block. Since we would, most likely, want
   * the variable to have the same name of the reference we have a problem, since the parameter
   * to the `inject()` function would hide the outer variable.
   *
   * To help with this, the injected parameters can, optionally, be enclosed with underscores.
   * These are ignored by the injector when the reference name is resolved.
   *
   * For example, the parameter `_myService_` would be resolved as the reference `myService`.
   * Since it is available in the function body as `_myService_`, we can then assign it to a variable
   * defined in an outer scope.
   *
   * ```
   * // Defined out reference variable outside
   * var myService;
   *
   * // Wrap the parameter in underscores
   * beforeEach( inject( function(_myService_){
   *   myService = _myService_;
   * }));
   *
   * // Use myService in a series of tests.
   * it('makes use of myService', function() {
   *   myService.doStuff();
   * });
   *
   * ```
   *
   * See also {@link angular.mock.module angular.mock.module}
   *
   * ## Example
   * Example of what a typical jasmine tests looks like with the inject method.
   * ```js
   *
   *   angular.module('myApplicationModule', [])
   *       .value('mode', 'app')
   *       .value('version', 'v1.0.1');
   *
   *
   *   describe('MyApp', function() {
   *
   *     // You need to load modules that you want to test,
   *     // it loads only the "ng" module by default.
   *     beforeEach(module('myApplicationModule'));
   *
   *
   *     // inject() is used to inject arguments of all given functions
   *     it('should provide a version', inject(function(mode, version) {
   *       expect(version).toEqual('v1.0.1');
   *       expect(mode).toEqual('app');
   *     }));
   *
   *
   *     // The inject and module method can also be used inside of the it or beforeEach
   *     it('should override a version and test the new version is injected', function() {
   *       // module() takes functions or strings (module aliases)
   *       module(function($provide) {
   *         $provide.value('version', 'overridden'); // override version here
   *       });
   *
   *       inject(function(version) {
   *         expect(version).toEqual('overridden');
   *       });
   *     });
   *   });
   *
   * ```
   *
   * @param {...Function} fns any number of functions which will be injected using the injector.
   */



  var ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack = function ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack(e, errorForStack) {
    this.message = e.message;
    this.name = e.name;
    if (e.line) this.line = e.line;
    if (e.sourceId) this.sourceId = e.sourceId;
    if (e.stack && errorForStack)
      this.stack = e.stack + '\n' + errorForStack.stack;
    if (e.stackArray) this.stackArray = e.stackArray;
  };
  ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack.prototype = Error.prototype;

  window.inject = angular.mock.inject = function() {
    var blockFns = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
    var errorForStack = new Error('Declaration Location');
    // IE10+ and PhanthomJS do not set stack trace information, until the error is thrown
    if (!errorForStack.stack) {
      try {
        throw errorForStack;
      } catch (e) { /* empty */ }
    }
    return wasInjectorCreated() ? WorkFn.call(currentSpec) : WorkFn;
    /////////////////////
    function WorkFn() {
      var modules = currentSpec.$modules || [];
      var strictDi = !!currentSpec.$injectorStrict;
      modules.unshift(['$injector', function($injector) {
        currentSpec.$providerInjector = $injector;
      }]);
      modules.unshift('ngMock');
      modules.unshift('ng');
      var injector = currentSpec.$injector;
      if (!injector) {
        if (strictDi) {
          // If strictDi is enabled, annotate the providerInjector blocks
          angular.forEach(modules, function(moduleFn) {
            if (typeof moduleFn === 'function') {
              angular.injector.$$annotate(moduleFn);
            }
          });
        }
        injector = currentSpec.$injector = angular.injector(modules, strictDi);
        currentSpec.$injectorStrict = strictDi;
      }
      for (var i = 0, ii = blockFns.length; i < ii; i++) {
        if (currentSpec.$injectorStrict) {
          // If the injector is strict / strictDi, and the spec wants to inject using automatic
          // annotation, then annotate the function here.
          injector.annotate(blockFns[i]);
        }
        try {
          injector.invoke(blockFns[i] || angular.noop, this);
        } catch (e) {
          if (e.stack && errorForStack) {
            throw new ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack(e, errorForStack);
          }
          throw e;
        } finally {
          errorForStack = null;
        }
      }
    }
  };


  angular.mock.inject.strictDi = function(value) {
    value = arguments.length ? !!value : true;
    return wasInjectorCreated() ? workFn() : workFn;

    function workFn() {
      if (value !== currentSpec.$injectorStrict) {
        if (currentSpec.$injector) {
          throw new Error('Injector already created, can not modify strict annotations');
        } else {
          currentSpec.$injectorStrict = value;
        }
      }
    }
  };

  function InjectorState() {
    this.shared = false;
    this.sharedError = null;

    this.cleanupAfterEach = function() {
      return !this.shared || this.sharedError;
    };
  }
})(window.jasmine || window.mocha);