Auto merge of #97235 - nbdd0121:unwind, r=Amanieu

Fix FFI-unwind unsoundness with mixed panic mode

UB maybe introduced when an FFI exception happens in a `C-unwind` foreign function and it propagates through a crate compiled with `-C panic=unwind` into a crate compiled with `-C panic=abort` (#96926).

To prevent this unsoundness from happening, we will disallow a crate compiled with `-C panic=unwind` to be linked into `panic-abort` *if* it contains a call to `C-unwind` foreign function or function pointer. If no such call exists, then we continue to allow such mixed panic mode linking because it's sound (and stable). In fact we still need the ability to do mixed panic mode linking for std, because we only compile std once with `-C panic=unwind` and link it regardless panic strategy.

For libraries that wish to remain compile-once-and-linkable-to-both-panic-runtimes, a `ffi_unwind_calls` lint is added (gated under `c_unwind` feature gate) to flag any FFI unwind calls that will cause the linkable panic runtime be restricted.

In summary:
```rust
#![warn(ffi_unwind_calls)]

mod foo {
    #[no_mangle]
    pub extern "C-unwind" fn foo() {}
}

extern "C-unwind" {
    fn foo();
}

fn main() {
    // Call to Rust function is fine regardless ABI.
    foo::foo();
    // Call to foreign function, will cause the crate to be unlinkable to panic-abort if compiled with `-Cpanic=unwind`.
    unsafe { foo(); }
    //~^ WARNING call to foreign function with FFI-unwind ABI
    let ptr: extern "C-unwind" fn() = foo::foo;
    // Call to function pointer, will cause the crate to be unlinkable to panic-abort if compiled with `-Cpanic=unwind`.
    ptr();
    //~^ WARNING call to function pointer with FFI-unwind ABI
}
```

Fix #96926

`@rustbot` label: T-compiler F-c_unwind

Author: bors

std/src/lib.rs

@@ -210,6 +210,8 @@
 #![allow(unused_lifetimes)]
 // Tell the compiler to link to either panic_abort or panic_unwind
 #![needs_panic_runtime]
+// Ensure that std can be linked against panic_abort despite compiled with `-C panic=unwind`
+#![cfg_attr(not(bootstrap), deny(ffi_unwind_calls))]
 // std may use features in a platform-specific way
 #![allow(unused_features)]
 #![cfg_attr(test, feature(internal_output_capture, print_internals, update_panic_count))]