java_string_library_preprocess.cpp

/*******************************************************************\

Module: Java_string_libraries_preprocess, gives code for methods on
        strings of the java standard library. In particular methods
        from java.lang.String, java.lang.StringBuilder,
        java.lang.StringBuffer.

Author: Romain Brenguier

Date:   April 2017

\*******************************************************************/

/// \file
/// Java_string_libraries_preprocess, gives code for methods on strings of the
///   java standard library. In particular methods from java.lang.String,
///   java.lang.StringBuilder, java.lang.StringBuffer.

#include <util/arith_tools.h>
#include <util/std_expr.h>
#include <util/std_code.h>
#include <util/fresh_symbol.h>
#include <util/refined_string_type.h>
#include <util/string_expr.h>
#include <util/c_types.h>

#include "java_types.h"
#include "java_object_factory.h"
#include "java_utils.h"

#include "java_string_library_preprocess.h"
#include "java_root_class.h"

/// \return tag of a struct prefixed by "java::" or symbolic tag
/// empty string if not symbol or struct
irep_idt get_tag(const typet &type)
{
  /// \todo Use follow instead of assuming tag to symbol relationship.
  if(type.id() == ID_symbol)
    return to_symbol_type(type).get_identifier();
  else if(type.id() == ID_struct)
    return irep_idt("java::" + id2string(to_struct_type(type).get_tag()));
  else
    return "";
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \param tag: a string
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is a struct with the given tag or a
///   symbolic type with the tag prefixed by "java::"
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::java_type_matches_tag(
  const typet &type, const std::string &tag)
{
  return irep_idt("java::" + tag) == get_tag(type);
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java string pointer
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_string_pointer_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  if(type.id()==ID_pointer)
  {
    const pointer_typet &pt=to_pointer_type(type);
    const typet &subtype=pt.subtype();
    return is_java_string_type(subtype);
  }
  return false;
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java string
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_string_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  return java_type_matches_tag(type, "java.lang.String");
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java StringBuilder
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_string_builder_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  return java_type_matches_tag(type, "java.lang.StringBuilder");
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java StringBuilder
///   pointers
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_string_builder_pointer_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  if(type.id()==ID_pointer)
  {
    const pointer_typet &pt=to_pointer_type(type);
    const typet &subtype=pt.subtype();
    return is_java_string_builder_type(subtype);
  }
  return false;
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java StringBuffer
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_string_buffer_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  return java_type_matches_tag(type, "java.lang.StringBuffer");
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java StringBuffer
///   pointers
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_string_buffer_pointer_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  if(type.id()==ID_pointer)
  {
    const pointer_typet &pt=to_pointer_type(type);
    const typet &subtype=pt.subtype();
    return is_java_string_buffer_type(subtype);
  }
  return false;
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java char sequence
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_char_sequence_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  return java_type_matches_tag(type, "java.lang.CharSequence");
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of a pointer to a java char
///   sequence
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_char_sequence_pointer_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  if(type.id()==ID_pointer)
  {
    const pointer_typet &pt=to_pointer_type(type);
    const typet &subtype=pt.subtype();
    return is_java_char_sequence_type(subtype);
  }
  return false;
}

/// \param type: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of java char array
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_char_array_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  return java_type_matches_tag(type, "array[char]");
}

/// \par parameters: a type
/// \return Boolean telling whether the type is that of a pointer to a java char
///   array
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_java_char_array_pointer_type(
  const typet &type)
{
  if(type.id()==ID_pointer)
  {
    const pointer_typet &pt=to_pointer_type(type);
    const typet &subtype=pt.subtype();
    return is_java_char_array_type(subtype);
  }
  return false;
}

/// \param symbol_table: a symbol_table containing an entry for java Strings
/// \return the type of data fields in java Strings.
typet string_data_type(const symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  symbolt sym=*symbol_table.lookup("java::java.lang.String");
  typet concrete_type=sym.type;
  struct_typet struct_type=to_struct_type(concrete_type);
  std::size_t index=struct_type.component_number("data");
  typet data_type=struct_type.components()[index].type();
  return data_type;
}

/// \return the type of the length field in java Strings.
typet string_length_type()
{
  return java_int_type();
}

/// Gets the base classes for known String and String-related types, or returns
/// an empty list for other types.
/// \param class_name: class identifier, without "java::" prefix.
/// \return a list of base classes, again without "java::" prefix.
std::vector<irep_idt>
java_string_library_preprocesst::get_string_type_base_classes(
  const irep_idt &class_name)
{
  if(!is_known_string_type(class_name))
    return {};

  std::vector<irep_idt> bases;
  bases.reserve(3);
  if(class_name != "java.lang.CharSequence")
  {
    bases.push_back("java.io.Serializable");
    bases.push_back("java.lang.CharSequence");
  }
  if(class_name == "java.lang.String")
    bases.push_back("java.lang.Comparable");

  if(class_name == "java.lang.StringBuilder" ||
     class_name == "java.lang.StringBuffer")
    bases.push_back("java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder");

  return bases;
}

/// Add to the symbol table type declaration for a String-like Java class.
/// \param class_name: a name for the class such as "java.lang.String"
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table to which the class will be added
void java_string_library_preprocesst::add_string_type(
  const irep_idt &class_name, symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  java_class_typet string_type;
  string_type.set_tag(class_name);
  string_type.components().resize(3);
  string_type.components()[0].set_name("@java.lang.Object");
  string_type.components()[0].set_pretty_name("@java.lang.Object");
  string_type.components()[0].type()=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Object");
  string_type.components()[1].set_name("length");
  string_type.components()[1].set_pretty_name("length");
  string_type.components()[1].type()=string_length_type();
  string_type.components()[2].set_name("data");
  string_type.components()[2].set_pretty_name("data");
  string_type.components()[2].type() = pointer_type(java_char_type());
  string_type.set_access(ID_public);
  string_type.add_base(symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Object"));

  std::vector<irep_idt> bases = get_string_type_base_classes(class_name);
  for(const irep_idt &base_name : bases)
    string_type.add_base(symbol_typet("java::" + id2string(base_name)));

  symbolt tmp_string_symbol;
  tmp_string_symbol.name="java::"+id2string(class_name);
  symbolt *string_symbol=nullptr;
  symbol_table.move(tmp_string_symbol, string_symbol);
  string_symbol->base_name=id2string(class_name);
  string_symbol->pretty_name=id2string(class_name);
  string_symbol->type=string_type;
  string_symbol->is_type=true;
  string_symbol->mode = ID_java;
}

/// add a symbol in the table with static lifetime and name containing
/// `cprover_string_array` and given type
/// \param type: an array type
/// \param location: a location in the program
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
symbol_exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::fresh_array(
  const typet &type,
  const source_locationt &location,
  symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  symbolt array_symbol=get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    type,
    "cprover_string_array",
    "cprover_string_array",
    location,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  array_symbol.is_static_lifetime=true;
  return array_symbol.symbol_expr();
}

/// calls string_refine_preprocesst::process_operands with a list of parameters.
/// \param params: a list of function parameters
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param init_code: code block, in which declaration of some arguments may be
///   added
/// \return a list of expressions
exprt::operandst java_string_library_preprocesst::process_parameters(
  const code_typet::parameterst &params,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &init_code)
{
  exprt::operandst ops;
  for(const auto &p : params)
  {
    symbol_exprt sym(p.get_identifier(), p.type());
    ops.push_back(sym);
  }
  return process_operands(ops, loc, symbol_table, init_code);
}

/// Creates a string_exprt from the input exprt representing a char sequence
/// \param expr_to_process: an expression of a type which implements char
///        sequence
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param init_code: code block, in which declaration will be added:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// char *cprover_string_content;
/// int cprover_string_length;
/// cprover_string_length = a->length;
/// cprover_string_content = a->data;
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// \return the processed operand:
///         {content=cprover_string_content, length=cprover_string_length}
refined_string_exprt
java_string_library_preprocesst::convert_exprt_to_string_exprt(
  const exprt &expr_to_process,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &init_code)
{
  PRECONDITION(implements_java_char_sequence_pointer(expr_to_process.type()));
  const refined_string_exprt string_expr =
    decl_string_expr(loc, symbol_table, init_code);
  code_assign_java_string_to_string_expr(
    string_expr, expr_to_process, loc, symbol_table, init_code);
  return string_expr;
}

/// for each expression that is of a type implementing strings, we declare a new
/// `cprover_string` whose contents is deduced from the expression and replace
/// the expression by this cprover_string in the output list; in the other case
/// the expression is kept as is for the output list. Also does the same thing
/// for char array references.
/// \param operands: a list of expressions
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param init_code: code block, in which declaration of some arguments may be
///   added
/// \return a list of expressions
exprt::operandst java_string_library_preprocesst::process_operands(
  const exprt::operandst &operands,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &init_code)
{
  exprt::operandst ops;
  for(const auto &p : operands)
  {
    if(implements_java_char_sequence_pointer(p.type()))
      ops.push_back(
        convert_exprt_to_string_exprt(p, loc, symbol_table, init_code));
    else if(is_java_char_array_pointer_type(p.type()))
      ops.push_back(replace_char_array(p, loc, symbol_table, init_code));
    else
      ops.push_back(p);
  }
  return ops;
}

/// Converts the operands of the equals function to string expressions and
/// outputs these conversions. As a side effect of the conversions it adds some
/// code to init_code.
/// \param operands: a list of expressions
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param init_code: code block, in which declaration of some arguments may be
///   added
/// \return a list of expressions
exprt::operandst
java_string_library_preprocesst::process_equals_function_operands(
  const exprt::operandst &operands,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &init_code)
{
  PRECONDITION(operands.size()==2);
  exprt::operandst ops;
  const exprt &op0=operands[0];
  const exprt &op1 = operands[1];
  PRECONDITION(implements_java_char_sequence_pointer(op0.type()));

  ops.push_back(
    convert_exprt_to_string_exprt(op0, loc, symbol_table, init_code));

  // TODO: Manage the case where we have a non-String Object (this should
  // probably be handled upstream. At any rate, the following code should be
  // protected with assertions on the type of op1.
  typecast_exprt tcast(op1, to_pointer_type(op0.type()));
  ops.push_back(
    convert_exprt_to_string_exprt(tcast, loc, symbol_table, init_code));
  return ops;
}

/// Finds the type of the data component
/// \param type: a type containing a "data" component
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return type of the "data" component
static typet get_data_type(const typet &type, const symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  PRECONDITION(type.id()==ID_struct || type.id()==ID_symbol);
  if(type.id()==ID_symbol)
  {
    symbolt sym=*symbol_table.lookup(to_symbol_type(type).get_identifier());
    CHECK_RETURN(sym.type.id()!=ID_symbol);
    return get_data_type(sym.type, symbol_table);
  }
  // else type id is ID_struct
  const struct_typet &struct_type=to_struct_type(type);
  return struct_type.component_type("data");
}

/// Finds the type of the length component
/// \param type: a type containing a "length" component
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return type of the "length" component
static typet
get_length_type(const typet &type, const symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  PRECONDITION(type.id()==ID_struct || type.id()==ID_symbol);
  if(type.id()==ID_symbol)
  {
    symbolt sym=*symbol_table.lookup(to_symbol_type(type).get_identifier());
    CHECK_RETURN(sym.type.id()!=ID_symbol);
    return get_length_type(sym.type, symbol_table);
  }
  // else type id is ID_struct
  const struct_typet &struct_type=to_struct_type(type);
  return struct_type.component_type("length");
}

/// access length member
/// \param expr: an expression of structured type with length component
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return expression representing the "length" member
static exprt get_length(const exprt &expr, const symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  return member_exprt(
    expr, "length", get_length_type(expr.type(), symbol_table));
}

/// access data member
/// \param expr: an expression of structured type with data component
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return expression representing the "data" member
static exprt get_data(const exprt &expr, const symbol_tablet &symbol_table)
{
  return member_exprt(expr, "data", get_data_type(expr.type(), symbol_table));
}

/// we declare a new `cprover_string` whose contents is deduced from the char
/// array.
/// \param array_pointer: an expression of type char array pointer
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param code: code block, in which some assignments will be added
/// \return a string expression
refined_string_exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::replace_char_array(
  const exprt &array_pointer,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  // array is *array_pointer
  dereference_exprt array=
    checked_dereference(array_pointer, array_pointer.type().subtype());
  // array_data is array_pointer-> data
  const exprt array_data = get_data(array, symbol_table);
  symbolt sym_char_array = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    array_data.type(), "char_array", "char_array", loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
  symbol_exprt char_array=sym_char_array.symbol_expr();
  // char_array = array_pointer->data
  code.add(code_assignt(char_array, array_data), loc);

  // string_expr is `{ rhs->length; string_array }`
  refined_string_exprt string_expr(
    get_length(array, symbol_table), char_array, refined_string_type);

  dereference_exprt inf_array(
    char_array, array_typet(java_char_type(), infinity_exprt(java_int_type())));

  add_pointer_to_array_association(
    string_expr.content(), inf_array, symbol_table, loc, code);

  return string_expr;
}

/// add a symbol with static lifetime and name containing `cprover_string` and
/// given type
/// \param type: a type for refined strings
/// \param loc: a location in the program
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return a new symbol
symbol_exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::fresh_string(
  const typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  symbolt string_symbol=get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    type, "cprover_string", "cprover_string", loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
  string_symbol.is_static_lifetime=true;
  return string_symbol.symbol_expr();
}

/// Add declaration of a refined string expr whose content and length are
/// fresh symbols.
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param code [out] : code block to which the declaration is added
/// \return refined string expr with fresh content and length symbols
refined_string_exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::decl_string_expr(
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  symbolt sym_length = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    index_type,
    "cprover_string_length",
    "cprover_string_length",
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  symbol_exprt length_field=sym_length.symbol_expr();
  pointer_typet array_type = pointer_type(java_char_type());
  symbolt sym_content = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    array_type,
    "cprover_string_content",
    "cprover_string_content",
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  symbol_exprt content_field = sym_content.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(content_field), loc);
  refined_string_exprt str(length_field, content_field, refined_string_type);
  code.add(code_declt(length_field), loc);
  return str;
}

/// add symbols with prefix cprover_string_length and cprover_string_data and
/// construct a string_expr from them.
/// \param loc: a location in the program
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param code: code block to which allocation instruction will be added
/// \return a new string_expr
refined_string_exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::make_nondet_string_expr(
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  /// \todo refactor with initialize_nonddet_string_struct
  const refined_string_exprt str = decl_string_expr(loc, symbol_table, code);

  side_effect_expr_nondett nondet_length(str.length().type());
  code.add(code_assignt(str.length(), nondet_length), loc);

  exprt nondet_array_expr =
    make_nondet_infinite_char_array(symbol_table, loc, function_id, code);

  address_of_exprt array_pointer(
    index_exprt(nondet_array_expr, from_integer(0, java_int_type())));

  add_pointer_to_array_association(
    array_pointer, nondet_array_expr, symbol_table, loc, code);

  add_array_to_length_association(
    nondet_array_expr, str.length(), symbol_table, loc, code);

  code.add(code_assignt(str.content(), array_pointer), loc);

  return refined_string_exprt(str.length(), str.content());
}

/// declare a new String and allocate it
/// \param type: a type for string
/// \param loc: a location in the program
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param code: code block to which allocation instruction will be added
/// \return a new string
exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::allocate_fresh_string(
  const typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  exprt str=fresh_string(type, loc, symbol_table);
  allocate_dynamic_object_with_decl(str, symbol_table, loc, function_id, code);
  return str;
}

/// declare a new character array and allocate it
/// \param type: a type for string
/// \param loc: a location in the program
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param code: code block to which allocation instruction will be added
/// \return a new array
exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::allocate_fresh_array(
  const typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_tablet &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  exprt array=fresh_array(type, loc, symbol_table);
  code.add(code_declt(array), loc);
  allocate_dynamic_object_with_decl(
    array, symbol_table, loc, function_id, code);
  return array;
}

/// assign the result of a function call
/// \param lhs: an expression
/// \param function_name: the name of the function
/// \param arguments: a list of arguments
/// \param symbol_table: a symbol table
/// \return the following code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// lhs = <function_name>(arguments)
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
static codet code_assign_function_application(
  const exprt &lhs,
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const exprt::operandst &arguments,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  exprt fun_app=make_function_application(
    function_name, arguments, lhs.type(), symbol_table);
  return code_assignt(lhs, fun_app);
}

/// return the result of a function call
/// \param function_name: the name of the function
/// \param arguments: a list of arguments
/// \param type: the return type
/// \param symbol_table: a symbol table
/// \return the following code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// return <function_name>(arguments)
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::code_return_function_application(
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const exprt::operandst &arguments,
  const typet &type,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  exprt fun_app=make_function_application(
    function_name, arguments, type, symbol_table);
  return code_returnt(fun_app);
}

/// Declare a fresh symbol of type array of character with infinite size.
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param code [out] : code block where the declaration gets added
/// \return created symbol expression
exprt make_nondet_infinite_char_array(
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  const array_typet array_type(
    java_char_type(), infinity_exprt(java_int_type()));
  const symbolt data_sym = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    array_type,
    "nondet_infinite_array",
    "nondet_infinite_array",
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  const symbol_exprt data_expr = data_sym.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(data_expr), loc);
  side_effect_expr_nondett nondet_data(data_expr.type());
  code.add(code_assignt(data_expr, nondet_data), loc);
  return data_expr;
}

/// Add a call to a primitive of the string solver, letting it know that
/// `pointer` points to the first character of `array`.
/// \param pointer: a character pointer expression
/// \param array: a character array expression
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param code [out] : code block to which declaration and calls get added
void add_pointer_to_array_association(
  const exprt &pointer,
  const exprt &array,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  PRECONDITION(array.type().id() == ID_array);
  PRECONDITION(pointer.type().id() == ID_pointer);
  symbolt &return_sym = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    java_int_type(),
    "return_array",
    "return_array",
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  exprt return_expr = return_sym.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(return_expr), loc);
  code.add(
    code_assign_function_application(
      return_expr,
      ID_cprover_associate_array_to_pointer_func,
      {array, pointer},
      symbol_table),
    loc);
}

/// Add a call to a primitive of the string solver, letting it know that
/// the actual length of `array` is `length`.
/// \param array: infinite size character array expression
/// \param length: integer expression
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param code [out] : code block to which declaration and calls get added
void add_array_to_length_association(
  const exprt &array,
  const exprt &length,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  symbolt &return_sym = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    java_int_type(),
    "return_array",
    "return_array",
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  const exprt return_expr = return_sym.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(return_expr), loc);
  code.add(
    code_assign_function_application(
      return_expr,
      ID_cprover_associate_length_to_array_func,
      {array, length},
      symbol_table),
    loc);
}

/// Add a call to a primitive of the string solver which ensures all characters
/// belong to the character set.
/// \param pointer: a character pointer expression
/// \param length: length of the character sequence pointed by `pointer`
/// \param char_set: character set given by a range expression consisting of
///                  two characters separated by an hyphen.
///                  For instance "a-z" denotes all lower case ascii letters.
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param code [out] : code block to which declaration and calls get added
void add_character_set_constraint(
  const exprt &pointer,
  const exprt &length,
  const irep_idt &char_set,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  PRECONDITION(pointer.type().id() == ID_pointer);
  symbolt &return_sym = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    java_int_type(), "cnstr_added", "cnstr_added", loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
  const exprt return_expr = return_sym.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(return_expr), loc);
  const constant_exprt char_set_expr(char_set, string_typet());
  code.add(
    code_assign_function_application(
      return_expr,
      ID_cprover_string_constrain_characters_func,
      {length, pointer, char_set_expr},
      symbol_table),
    loc);
}

/// Create a refined_string_exprt `str` whose content and length are fresh
/// symbols, calls the string primitive with name `function_name`.
/// In the arguments of the primitive `str` takes the place of the result and
/// the following arguments are given by parameter `arguments.
/// \param function_name: the name of the function
/// \param arguments: arguments of the function
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param [out] code: gets added the following code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// int return_code;
/// int str.length;
/// char str.data[str.length]
/// return_code = <function_name>(str.length, str.data, arguments)
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// \return refined string expression `str`
refined_string_exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::string_expr_of_function(
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const exprt::operandst &arguments,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  // int return_code;
  symbolt return_code_sym = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    java_int_type(),
    std::string("return_code_") + function_name.c_str(),
    std::string("return_code_") + function_name.c_str(),
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  const exprt return_code = return_code_sym.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(return_code), loc);

  const refined_string_exprt string_expr =
    make_nondet_string_expr(loc, function_name, symbol_table, code);

  // args is { str.length, str.content, arguments... }
  exprt::operandst args;
  args.push_back(string_expr.length());
  args.push_back(string_expr.content());
  args.insert(args.end(), arguments.begin(), arguments.end());

  // return_code = <function_name>_data(args)
  code.add(
    code_assign_function_application(
      return_code, function_name, args, symbol_table),
    loc);

  return string_expr;
}

/// Produce code for an assignment of a string expr to a Java string.
/// \param lhs: expression representing the java string to assign to
/// \param rhs_array: pointer to the array to assign
/// \param rhs_length: length of the array to assign
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return return the following code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// lhs = { {Object}, length=rhs_length, data=rhs_array }
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::code_assign_components_to_java_string(
  const exprt &lhs,
  const exprt &rhs_array,
  const exprt &rhs_length,
  const symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  PRECONDITION(implements_java_char_sequence_pointer(lhs.type()));
  dereference_exprt deref=checked_dereference(lhs, lhs.type().subtype());

  // A String has a field Object with @clsid = String and @lock = false:
  const symbolt &jlo_symbol=*symbol_table.lookup("java::java.lang.Object");
  const struct_typet &jlo_struct=to_struct_type(jlo_symbol.type);
  struct_exprt jlo_init(jlo_struct);
  irep_idt clsid = get_tag(lhs.type().subtype());
  java_root_class_init(jlo_init, jlo_struct, false, clsid);

  struct_exprt struct_rhs(deref.type());
  struct_rhs.copy_to_operands(jlo_init);
  struct_rhs.copy_to_operands(rhs_length);
  struct_rhs.copy_to_operands(rhs_array);
  return code_assignt(
    checked_dereference(lhs, lhs.type().subtype()), struct_rhs);
}

/// Produce code for an assignemnt of a string expr to a Java string.
/// \param lhs: an expression representing a java string
/// \param rhs: a string expression
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return return the following code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// lhs = { {Object}, length=rhs.length, data=rhs.data }
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(
  const exprt &lhs,
  const refined_string_exprt &rhs,
  const symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  return code_assign_components_to_java_string(
    lhs, rhs.content(), rhs.length(), symbol_table);
}

/// \param lhs: a string expression
/// \param rhs: an expression representing a java string
/// \param loc: source location
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param [out] code: code block that gets appended the following code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// lhs.length = rhs==null ? 0 : rhs->length
/// lhs.data=rhs->data
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
void java_string_library_preprocesst::code_assign_java_string_to_string_expr(
  const refined_string_exprt &lhs,
  const exprt &rhs,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  PRECONDITION(implements_java_char_sequence_pointer(rhs.type()));

  typet deref_type;
  if(rhs.type().subtype().id()==ID_symbol)
    deref_type=symbol_table.lookup_ref(
      to_symbol_type(rhs.type().subtype()).get_identifier()).type;
  else
    deref_type=rhs.type().subtype();

  const dereference_exprt deref = checked_dereference(rhs, deref_type);

  // Although we should not reach this code if rhs is null, the association
  // `pointer -> length` is added to the solver anyway, so we have to make sure
  // the length is set to something reasonable.
  auto rhs_length = if_exprt(
    equal_exprt(rhs, null_pointer_exprt(to_pointer_type(rhs.type()))),
    from_integer(0, lhs.length().type()),
    get_length(deref, symbol_table));
  rhs_length.set(ID_mode, ID_java);

  // Assignments
  code.add(code_assignt(lhs.length(), rhs_length), loc);
  const exprt data_as_array = get_data(deref, symbol_table);
  code.add(code_assignt(lhs.content(), data_as_array), loc);
}

/// Create a string expression whose value is given by a literal
/// \param s: the literal to be assigned
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \param [out] code: gets added the following:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// tmp_string = "<s>"
/// lhs = cprover_string_literal_func(tmp_string)
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// \return a new refined string
refined_string_exprt
java_string_library_preprocesst::string_literal_to_string_expr(
  const std::string &s,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  const constant_exprt expr(s, string_typet());
  return string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_literal_func, {expr}, loc, symbol_table, code);
}

/// Used to provide code for the Java String.equals(Object) function.
/// \param type: type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in the program_invocation_name
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// IF arg->@class_identifier == "java.lang.String"
/// THEN
///   string_expr1 = {this->length; *this->data}
///   string_expr2 = {arg->length; *arg->data}
///   bool string_equals_tmp = cprover_string_equal(string_expr1, string_expr2)
///   return string_equals_tmp
/// ELSE
///   return false
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_equals_function_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  const typet &return_type = type.return_type();
  exprt::operandst ops;
  for(const auto &p : type.parameters())
  {
    symbol_exprt sym(p.get_identifier(), p.type());
    ops.push_back(sym);
  }

  code_ifthenelset code;
  code.cond() = [&] {
    const member_exprt class_identifier(
      checked_dereference(ops[1], ops[1].type().subtype()),
      "@class_identifier",
      string_typet());
    return equal_exprt(
      class_identifier,
      constant_exprt("java::java.lang.String", string_typet()));
  }();

  code.then_case() = [&] {
    code_blockt instance_case;
    // Check content equality
    const symbolt string_equals_sym = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
      return_type, "string_equals", "str_eq", loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
    const symbol_exprt string_equals = string_equals_sym.symbol_expr();
    instance_case.add(code_declt(string_equals), loc);
    const exprt::operandst args =
      process_equals_function_operands(ops, loc, symbol_table, instance_case);
    const auto fun_app = make_function_application(
      ID_cprover_string_equal_func, args, return_type, symbol_table);
    instance_case.add(code_assignt(string_equals, fun_app), loc);
    instance_case.add(code_returnt(string_equals), loc);
    return instance_case;
  }();

  code.else_case() = code_returnt(from_integer(false, return_type));
  return code;
}

/// Provide code for the String.valueOf(F) function.
/// \param type: type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in the program_invocation_name
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to the Java conversion of floats to strings.
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_float_to_string_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // Getting the argument
  code_typet::parameterst params=type.parameters();
  PRECONDITION(params.size()==1);
  const symbol_exprt arg(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());

  // Holder for output code
  code_blockt code;

  // Declaring and allocating String * str
  exprt str = allocate_fresh_string(
    type.return_type(), loc, function_id, symbol_table, code);

  // Expression representing 0.0
  ieee_float_spect float_spec(to_floatbv_type(params[0].type()));
  ieee_floatt zero_float(float_spec);
  zero_float.from_float(0.0);
  constant_exprt zero=zero_float.to_expr();

  // For each possible case with have a condition and a string_exprt
  std::vector<exprt> condition_list;
  std::vector<refined_string_exprt> string_expr_list;

  // Case of computerized scientific notation
  condition_list.push_back(binary_relation_exprt(arg, ID_ge, zero));
  refined_string_exprt sci_notation = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_of_float_scientific_notation_func,
    {arg},
    loc,
    symbol_table,
    code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(sci_notation);

  // Subcase of negative scientific notation
  condition_list.push_back(binary_relation_exprt(arg, ID_lt, zero));
  refined_string_exprt minus_sign =
    string_literal_to_string_expr("-", loc, symbol_table, code);
  refined_string_exprt neg_sci_notation = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_concat_func,
    {minus_sign, sci_notation},
    loc,
    symbol_table,
    code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(neg_sci_notation);

  // Case of NaN
  condition_list.push_back(isnan_exprt(arg));
  refined_string_exprt nan =
    string_literal_to_string_expr("NaN", loc, symbol_table, code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(nan);

  // Case of Infinity
  extractbit_exprt is_neg(arg, float_spec.width()-1);
  condition_list.push_back(and_exprt(isinf_exprt(arg), not_exprt(is_neg)));
  refined_string_exprt infinity =
    string_literal_to_string_expr("Infinity", loc, symbol_table, code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(infinity);

  // Case -Infinity
  condition_list.push_back(and_exprt(isinf_exprt(arg), is_neg));
  refined_string_exprt minus_infinity =
    string_literal_to_string_expr("-Infinity", loc, symbol_table, code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(minus_infinity);

  // Case of simple notation
  ieee_floatt bound_inf_float(float_spec);
  ieee_floatt bound_sup_float(float_spec);
  bound_inf_float.from_float(1e-3f);
  bound_sup_float.from_float(1e7f);
  bound_inf_float.change_spec(float_spec);
  bound_sup_float.change_spec(float_spec);
  constant_exprt bound_inf=bound_inf_float.to_expr();
  constant_exprt bound_sup=bound_sup_float.to_expr();

  and_exprt is_simple_float(
    binary_relation_exprt(arg, ID_ge, bound_inf),
    binary_relation_exprt(arg, ID_lt, bound_sup));
  condition_list.push_back(is_simple_float);

  refined_string_exprt simple_notation = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_of_float_func, {arg}, loc, symbol_table, code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(simple_notation);

  // Case of a negative number in simple notation
  and_exprt is_neg_simple_float(
    binary_relation_exprt(arg, ID_le, unary_minus_exprt(bound_inf)),
    binary_relation_exprt(arg, ID_gt, unary_minus_exprt(bound_sup)));
  condition_list.push_back(is_neg_simple_float);

  refined_string_exprt neg_simple_notation = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_concat_func,
    {minus_sign, simple_notation},
    loc,
    symbol_table,
    code);
  string_expr_list.push_back(neg_simple_notation);

  // Combining all cases
  INVARIANT(
    string_expr_list.size()==condition_list.size(),
    "number of created strings should correspond to number of conditions");

  // We do not check the condition of the first element in the list as it
  // will be reached only if all other conditions are not satisfied.
  codet tmp_code=code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(
    str, string_expr_list[0], symbol_table);
  for(std::size_t i=1; i<condition_list.size(); i++)
  {
    code_ifthenelset ife;
    ife.cond()=condition_list[i];
    ife.then_case() = code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(
      str, string_expr_list[i], symbol_table);
    ife.else_case()=tmp_code;
    tmp_code=ife;
  }
  code.add(tmp_code, loc);

  // Return str
  code.add(code_returnt(str), loc);
  return code;
}

/// Generate the goto code for string initialization.
/// \param function_name: name of the function to be called
/// \param type: the type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in program
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table to populate
/// \param ignore_first_arg: boolean flag telling that the first argument should
///   not be part of the arguments of the call (but only used to be assigned the
///   result)
/// \return code for the String.<init>(args) function:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// cprover_string_length = fun(arg).length;
/// cprover_string_array = fun(arg).data;
/// this->length = cprover_string_length;
/// this->data = cprover_string_array;
/// cprover_string = {.=cprover_string_length, .=cprover_string_array};
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_init_function_from_call(
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  bool ignore_first_arg)
{
  code_typet::parameterst params=type.parameters();

  // The first parameter is the object to be initialized
  PRECONDITION(!params.empty());
  const symbol_exprt arg_this(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());
  if(ignore_first_arg)
    params.erase(params.begin());

  // Holder for output code
  code_blockt code;

  // Processing parameters
  exprt::operandst args=process_parameters(params, loc, symbol_table, code);

  // string_expr <- function(arg1)
  refined_string_exprt string_expr =
    string_expr_of_function(function_name, args, loc, symbol_table, code);

  // arg_this <- string_expr
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(arg_this, string_expr, symbol_table),
    loc);

  return code;
}

/// Call a cprover internal function, assign the result to object `this` and
/// return it.
/// \param function_name: name of the function to be called
/// \param type: the type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in program
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table to populate
/// \return Code calling function with the given function name.
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::
  make_assign_and_return_function_from_call(
    const irep_idt &function_name,
    const code_typet &type,
    const source_locationt &loc,
    symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // This is similar to assign functions except we return a pointer to `this`
  code_typet::parameterst params=type.parameters();
  PRECONDITION(!params.empty());
  code_blockt code;
  code.add(
    make_assign_function_from_call(function_name, type, loc, symbol_table),
    loc);
  const symbol_exprt arg_this(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());
  code.add(code_returnt(arg_this), loc);
  return code;
}

/// Call a cprover internal function and assign the result to object `this`.
/// \param function_name: name of the function to be called
/// \param type: the type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in program
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table to populate
/// \return Code assigning result of a call to the function with given function
///   name.
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_assign_function_from_call(
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // This is similar to initialization function except we do not ignore
  // the first argument
  codet code=make_init_function_from_call(
    function_name, type, loc, symbol_table, false);
  return code;
}

/// Adds to the code an assignment of the form
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// type_name tmp_type_name
/// tmp_type_name = ((Classname*)arg_i)->value
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// and returns `tmp_typename`.
/// In case the class corresponding to `type_name` is not available in
/// `symbol_table`, the variable is declared but not assigned.
/// Used to access the values of the arguments of `String.format`.
/// \param object: an expression representing a reference to an object
/// \param type_name: name of the corresponding primitive type, this can be
///        one of the following: ID_boolean, ID_char, ID_byte, ID_short, ID_int,
///        ID_long, ID_float, ID_double, ID_void
/// \param loc: a location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param code: code block to which we are adding some assignments
/// \return An expression contaning a symbol `tmp_type_name` where `type_name`
///         is the given argument (ie. boolean, char etc.). Which represents the
///         primitive value contained in the given object.
exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::get_primitive_value_of_object(
  const exprt &object,
  irep_idt type_name,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  optionalt<symbol_typet> object_type;

  typet value_type;
  if(type_name==ID_boolean)
  {
    value_type=java_boolean_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Boolean");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_char)
  {
    value_type=java_char_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Character");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_byte)
  {
    value_type=java_byte_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Byte");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_short)
  {
    value_type=java_short_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Short");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_int)
  {
    value_type=java_int_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Integer");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_long)
  {
    value_type=java_long_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Long");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_float)
  {
    value_type=java_float_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Float");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_double)
  {
    value_type=java_double_type();
    object_type=symbol_typet("java::java.lang.Double");
  }
  else if(type_name==ID_void)
    return nil_exprt();
  else
    UNREACHABLE;

  DATA_INVARIANT(object_type.has_value(), "must have symbol for primitive");

  // declare tmp_type_name to hold the value
  std::string aux_name="tmp_"+id2string(type_name);
  symbolt symbol=get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    value_type, aux_name, aux_name, loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
  exprt value=symbol.symbol_expr();

  // Check that the type of the object is in the symbol table,
  // otherwise there is no safe way of finding its value.
  if(
    const auto maybe_symbol =
      symbol_table.lookup(object_type->get_identifier()))
  {
    struct_typet struct_type=to_struct_type(maybe_symbol->type);
    // Check that the type has a value field
    const struct_union_typet::componentt value_comp=
      struct_type.get_component("value");
    if(!value_comp.is_nil())
    {
      pointer_typet pointer_type=::pointer_type(struct_type);
      dereference_exprt deref(
        typecast_exprt(object, pointer_type), pointer_type.subtype());
      member_exprt deref_value(deref, value_comp.get_name(), value_comp.type());
      code.add(code_assignt(value, deref_value), loc);
      return value;
    }
  }

  warning() << object_type->get_identifier()
            << " not available to format function" << eom;
  code.add(code_declt(value), loc);
  return value;
}

/// Helper for format function. Returns the expression:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// *((void**)(argv->data)+index )
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// which corresponds to the object at position `index` in  `argv`.
/// \param argv: reference to an array of references
/// \param index: index of the desired object
/// \return An expression representing the object at position `index` of `argv`.
exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::get_object_at_index(
  const exprt &argv,
  int index)
{
  dereference_exprt deref_objs(argv, argv.type().subtype());
  pointer_typet empty_pointer=pointer_type(empty_typet());
  pointer_typet pointer_of_pointer=pointer_type(empty_pointer);
  member_exprt data_member(deref_objs, "data", pointer_of_pointer);
  plus_exprt data_pointer_plus_index(
    data_member, from_integer(index, java_int_type()), data_member.type());
  dereference_exprt data_at_index(
    data_pointer_plus_index, data_pointer_plus_index.type().subtype());
  return data_at_index;
}

/// Helper for format function. Adds code:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// string_expr arg_i_string_expr;
/// int tmp_int;
/// float tmp_float;
/// char tmp_char;
/// boolean tmp_boolean;
/// Object* arg_i=get_object_at_index(argv, index)
/// if(arg_i!=NULL)
/// {
///   if(arg_i.@class_identifier=="java::java.lang.String")
///   {
///     arg_i_string_expr = (string_expr)((String*)arg_i_as_string)
///   }
///   tmp_int=((Integer)arg_i)->value
///   tmp_float=((Float)arg_i)->value
///   tmp_char=((Char)arg_i)->value
///   tmp_boolean=((Boolean)arg_i)->value
/// }
/// arg_i_struct = { string_expr=arg_i_string_expr;
///   integer=tmp_int; float=tmp_float; char=tmp_char; boolean=tmp_boolean}
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// and returns `arg_i_struct`.
///
/// TODO: date_time and hash code are not implemented
/// \param argv: reference to an array of references
/// \param index: index of the desired argument
/// \param structured_type: type for arguments of the internal format function
/// \param loc: a location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \param code: code block to which we are adding some assignments
/// \return An expression of type `structured_type` representing the possible
///         values of the argument at position `index` of `argv`.
exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::make_argument_for_format(
  const exprt &argv,
  int index,
  const struct_typet &structured_type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table,
  code_blockt &code)
{
  // Declarations of the fields of arg_i_struct
  // arg_i_struct is { arg_i_string_expr, tmp_int, tmp_char, ... }
  struct_exprt arg_i_struct(structured_type);
  std::list<exprt> field_exprs;
  for(const auto & comp : structured_type.components())
  {
    const irep_idt &name=comp.get_name();
    const typet &type=comp.type();
    exprt field_expr;
    if(name!="string_expr")
    {
      std::string tmp_name="tmp_"+id2string(name);
      symbolt field_symbol = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
        type, id2string(function_id), tmp_name, loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
      field_expr=field_symbol.symbol_expr();
      code.add(code_declt(field_expr), loc);
    }
    else
      field_expr =
        make_nondet_string_expr(loc, function_id, symbol_table, code);

    field_exprs.push_back(field_expr);
    arg_i_struct.copy_to_operands(field_expr);
  }

  // arg_i = argv[index]
  exprt obj=get_object_at_index(argv, index);
  symbolt object_symbol = get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    obj.type(),
    id2string(function_id),
    "tmp_format_obj",
    loc,
    ID_java,
    symbol_table);
  symbol_exprt arg_i=object_symbol.symbol_expr();
  allocate_dynamic_object_with_decl(
    arg_i, symbol_table, loc, function_id, code);
  code.add(code_assignt(arg_i, obj), loc);
  code.add(
    code_assumet(
      not_exprt(
        equal_exprt(arg_i, null_pointer_exprt(to_pointer_type(arg_i.type()))))),
    loc);

  // if arg_i != null then [code_not_null]
  code_ifthenelset code_avoid_null_arg;
  code_avoid_null_arg.cond()=not_exprt(equal_exprt(
    arg_i, null_pointer_exprt(to_pointer_type(arg_i.type()))));
  code_blockt code_not_null;

  // Assigning all the fields of arg_i_struct
  for(const auto &comp : structured_type.components())
  {
    const irep_idt &name=comp.get_name();
    exprt field_expr=field_exprs.front();
    field_exprs.pop_front();

    if(name=="string_expr")
    {
      pointer_typet string_pointer=
        java_reference_type(symbol_typet("java::java.lang.String"));
      typecast_exprt arg_i_as_string(arg_i, string_pointer);
      code_assign_java_string_to_string_expr(
        to_string_expr(field_expr),
        arg_i_as_string,
        loc,
        symbol_table,
        code_not_null);
    }
    else if(name==ID_int || name==ID_float || name==ID_char || name==ID_boolean)
    {
      exprt value=get_primitive_value_of_object(
        arg_i, name, loc, symbol_table, code_not_null);
      code_not_null.add(code_assignt(field_expr, value), loc);
    }
    else
    {
      // TODO: date_time and hash_code not implemented
    }
  }

  code.add(code_not_null, loc);
  return arg_i_struct;
}

/// Used to provide code for the Java String.format function.
///
/// TODO: date_time and hash code are not implemented, and we set a limit of
/// 10 arguments
/// \param type: type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in the program_invocation_name
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code implementing the Java String.format function.
///         Since the exact class of the arguments is not known, we give as
///         argument to the internal format function a structure containing
///         the different possible types.
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_string_format_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  PRECONDITION(type.parameters().size()==2);
  code_blockt code;
  exprt::operandst args=process_parameters(
    type.parameters(), loc, symbol_table, code);
  INVARIANT(args.size()==2, "String.format should have two arguments");

  // The argument can be:
  // a string, an integer, a floating point, a character, a boolean,
  // an object of which we take the hash code, or a date/time
  struct_typet structured_type;
  structured_type.components().emplace_back("string_expr", refined_string_type);
  structured_type.components().emplace_back(ID_int, java_int_type());
  structured_type.components().emplace_back(ID_float, java_float_type());
  structured_type.components().emplace_back(ID_char, java_char_type());
  structured_type.components().emplace_back(ID_boolean, java_boolean_type());
  // TODO: hash_code not implemented for now
  structured_type.components().emplace_back("hashcode", java_int_type());
  // TODO: date_time type not implemented for now
  structured_type.components().emplace_back("date_time", java_int_type());

  // We will process arguments so that each is converted to a `struct_exprt`
  // containing each possible type used in format specifiers.
  std::vector<exprt> processed_args;
  processed_args.push_back(args[0]);
  for(std::size_t i=0; i<MAX_FORMAT_ARGS; ++i)
    processed_args.push_back(
      make_argument_for_format(
        args[1], i, structured_type, loc, function_id, symbol_table, code));

  refined_string_exprt string_expr = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_format_func, processed_args, loc, symbol_table, code);
  exprt java_string = allocate_fresh_string(
    type.return_type(), loc, function_id, symbol_table, code);
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(
      java_string, string_expr, symbol_table),
    loc);
  code.add(code_returnt(java_string), loc);
  return code;
}

/// Used to provide our own implementation of the java.lang.Object.getClass()
/// function.
/// \param type: type of the function called
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: the symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// Class class1;
/// string_expr1 = substr(this->@class_identifier, 6)
/// class1=Class.forName(string_expr1)
/// return class1
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_object_get_class_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  code_typet::parameterst params=type.parameters();
  const symbol_exprt this_obj(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());

  // Code to be returned
  code_blockt code;

  // > Class class1;
  pointer_typet class_type=
    java_reference_type(
      symbol_table.lookup_ref("java::java.lang.Class").type);
  symbolt class1_sym=get_fresh_aux_symbol(
    class_type, "class_symbol", "class_symbol", loc, ID_java, symbol_table);
  symbol_exprt class1=class1_sym.symbol_expr();
  code.add(code_declt(class1), loc);

  // class_identifier is this->@class_identifier
  member_exprt class_identifier(
    checked_dereference(this_obj, this_obj.type().subtype()),
    "@class_identifier",
    string_typet());

  // string_expr = cprover_string_literal(this->@class_identifier)
  refined_string_exprt string_expr = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_literal_func,
    {class_identifier},
    loc,
    symbol_table,
    code);

  // string_expr1 = substr(string_expr, 6)
  // We do this to remove the "java::" prefix
  refined_string_exprt string_expr1 = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_substring_func,
    {string_expr, from_integer(6, java_int_type())},
    loc,
    symbol_table,
    code);

  // string1 = (String*) string_expr
  pointer_typet string_ptr_type=java_reference_type(
    symbol_table.lookup_ref("java::java.lang.String").type);
  exprt string1 = allocate_fresh_string(
    string_ptr_type, loc, function_id, symbol_table, code);
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(string1, string_expr1, symbol_table),
    loc);

  // > class1 = Class.forName(string1)
  code_function_callt fun_call;
  fun_call.function()=symbol_exprt(
    "java::java.lang.Class.forName:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Class;");
  fun_call.lhs()=class1;
  fun_call.arguments().push_back(string1);
  const code_typet fun_type({code_typet::parametert(string_ptr_type)}, class_type);
  fun_call.function().type()=fun_type;
  code.add(fun_call, loc);

  // > return class1;
  code.add(code_returnt(class1), loc);
  return code;
}

/// Provide code for a function that calls a function from the solver and simply
/// returns it.
/// \param function_name: name of the function to be called
/// \param type: type of the function
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// return function_name(args)
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_function_from_call(
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  code_blockt code;
  exprt::operandst args=process_parameters(
    type.parameters(), loc, symbol_table, code);
  code.add(
    code_return_function_application(
      function_name, args, type.return_type(), symbol_table),
    loc);
  return code;
}

/// Provide code for a function that calls a function from the solver and return
/// the string_expr result as a Java string.
/// \param function_name: name of the function to be called
/// \param type: type of the function
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// string_expr = function_name(args)
/// string = new String
/// string = string_expr_to_string(string)
/// return string
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_string_returning_function_from_call(
  const irep_idt &function_name,
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // Code for the output
  code_blockt code;

  // Calling the function
  exprt::operandst arguments=process_parameters(
    type.parameters(), loc, symbol_table, code);

  // String expression that will hold the result
  refined_string_exprt string_expr =
    string_expr_of_function(function_name, arguments, loc, symbol_table, code);

  // Assign to string
  exprt str = allocate_fresh_string(
    type.return_type(), loc, function_name, symbol_table, code);
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(str, string_expr, symbol_table),
    loc);

  // Return value
  code.add(code_returnt(str), loc);
  return code;
}

/// Generates code for a function which copies a string object to a new string
/// object.
/// \param type: type of the function
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// string_expr = string_to_string_expr(arg0)
/// string_expr_sym = { string_expr.length; string_expr.content }
/// str = new String
/// str = string_expr_to_string(string_expr)
/// return str
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_string_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // Code for the output
  code_blockt code;

  // String expression that will hold the result
  refined_string_exprt string_expr = decl_string_expr(loc, symbol_table, code);

  // Assign the argument to string_expr
  code_typet::parametert op=type.parameters()[0];
  symbol_exprt arg0(op.get_identifier(), op.type());
  code_assign_java_string_to_string_expr(
    string_expr, arg0, loc, symbol_table, code);

  // Allocate and assign the string
  exprt str = allocate_fresh_string(
    type.return_type(), loc, function_id, symbol_table, code);
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(str, string_expr, symbol_table),
    loc);

  // Return value
  code.add(code_returnt(str), loc);
  return code;
}

/// Generates code for a constructor of a string object from another string
/// object.
/// \param type: type of the function
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// string_expr = java_string_to_string_expr(arg1)
/// string_expr_sym = { string_expr.length; string_expr.content }
/// this = string_expr_to_java_string(string_expr)
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_constructor_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // Code for the output
  code_blockt code;

  // String expression that will hold the result
  refined_string_exprt string_expr = decl_string_expr(loc, symbol_table, code);

  // Assign argument to a string_expr
  code_typet::parameterst params=type.parameters();
  symbol_exprt arg1(params[1].get_identifier(), params[1].type());
  code_assign_java_string_to_string_expr(
    string_expr, arg1, loc, symbol_table, code);

  // Assign string_expr to `this` object
  symbol_exprt arg_this(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(arg_this, string_expr, symbol_table),
    loc);

  return code;
}

/// Used to provide code for constructor from a char array.
/// The implementation is similar to substring except the 3rd argument is a
/// count instead of end index
/// \param type: type of the function call
/// \param loc: location in the program_invocation_name
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return code implementing String intitialization from a char array and
///         arguments offset and end.
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_init_from_array_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  // Code for the output
  code_blockt code;

  code_typet::parameterst params = type.parameters();
  PRECONDITION(params.size() == 4);
  exprt::operandst args =
    process_parameters(type.parameters(), loc, symbol_table, code);
  INVARIANT(
    args.size() == 4, "process_parameters preserves number of arguments");

  /// \todo this assumes the array to be constant between all calls to
  /// string primitives, which may not be true in general.
  refined_string_exprt string_arg = to_string_expr(args[1]);

  // The third argument is `count`, whereas the third argument of substring
  // is `end` which corresponds to `offset+count`
  refined_string_exprt string_expr = string_expr_of_function(
    ID_cprover_string_substring_func,
    {args[1], args[2], plus_exprt(args[2], args[3])},
    loc,
    symbol_table,
    code);

  // Assign string_expr to `this` object
  symbol_exprt arg_this(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());
  code.add(
    code_assign_string_expr_to_java_string(arg_this, string_expr, symbol_table),
    loc);

  return code;
}

/// Generates code for the String.length method
/// \param type: type of the function
/// \param loc: location in the source
/// \param symbol_table: symbol table
/// \return Code corresponding to:
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/// str_expr = java_string_to_string_expr(this)
/// str_expr_sym = str_expr
/// return this->length
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
codet java_string_library_preprocesst::make_string_length_code(
  const code_typet &type,
  const source_locationt &loc,
  const irep_idt &function_id,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  code_typet::parameterst params=type.parameters();
  symbol_exprt arg_this(params[0].get_identifier(), params[0].type());
  dereference_exprt deref=
    checked_dereference(arg_this, arg_this.type().subtype());
  return code_returnt(get_length(deref, symbol_table));
}

bool java_string_library_preprocesst::implements_function(
  const irep_idt &function_id) const
{
  for(const id_mapt *map : id_maps)
    if(map->count(function_id) != 0)
      return true;

  return conversion_table.count(function_id) != 0;
}

template <typename TMap, typename TContainer>
void add_keys_to_container(const TMap &map, TContainer &container)
{
  static_assert(
    std::is_same<typename TMap::key_type,
                 typename TContainer::value_type>::value,
    "TContainer value_type doesn't match TMap key_type");
  std::transform(
    map.begin(),
    map.end(),
    std::inserter(container, container.begin()),
    [](const typename TMap::value_type &pair) { return pair.first; });
}

void java_string_library_preprocesst::get_all_function_names(
  std::unordered_set<irep_idt> &methods) const
{
  for(const id_mapt *map : id_maps)
    add_keys_to_container(*map, methods);

  add_keys_to_container(conversion_table, methods);
}

/// Should be called to provide code for string functions that are used in the
/// code but for which no implementation is provided.
/// \param function_id: name of the function
/// \param type: its type
/// \param loc: location in the program
/// \param symbol_table: a symbol table
/// \return Code for the body of the String functions if they are part of the
///   supported String functions, nil_exprt otherwise.
exprt java_string_library_preprocesst::code_for_function(
  const symbolt &symbol,
  symbol_table_baset &symbol_table)
{
  const irep_idt &function_id = symbol.name;
  const code_typet &type = to_code_type(symbol.type);
  const source_locationt &loc = symbol.location;
  auto it_id=cprover_equivalent_to_java_function.find(function_id);
  if(it_id!=cprover_equivalent_to_java_function.end())
    return make_function_from_call(it_id->second, type, loc, symbol_table);

  it_id=cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function.find(function_id);
  if(it_id!=cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function.end())
    return make_string_returning_function_from_call(
      it_id->second, type, loc, symbol_table);

  it_id=cprover_equivalent_to_java_constructor.find(function_id);
  if(it_id!=cprover_equivalent_to_java_constructor.end())
    return make_init_function_from_call(
      it_id->second, type, loc, symbol_table);

  it_id=cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function.find(function_id);
  if(it_id!=cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function.end())
    return make_assign_and_return_function_from_call(
      it_id->second, type, loc, symbol_table);

  it_id=cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_function.find(function_id);
  if(it_id!=cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_function.end())
    return make_assign_function_from_call(
      it_id->second, type, loc, symbol_table);

  auto it=conversion_table.find(function_id);
  if(it!=conversion_table.end())
    return it->second(type, loc, function_id, symbol_table);

  return nil_exprt();
}

/// Check whether a class name is known as a string type.
/// \param class_name: name of the class
/// \return True if the type is one that is known to our preprocessing, false
///   otherwise
bool java_string_library_preprocesst::is_known_string_type(
  irep_idt class_name)
{
  return string_types.find(class_name)!=string_types.end();
}

void java_string_library_preprocesst::initialize_known_type_table()
{
  string_types = std::unordered_set<irep_idt>{"java.lang.String",
                                              "java.lang.StringBuilder",
                                              "java.lang.CharSequence",
                                              "java.lang.StringBuffer"};
}

/// fill maps with correspondence from java method names to conversion functions
void java_string_library_preprocesst::initialize_conversion_table()
{
  character_preprocess.initialize_conversion_table();

  // The following list of function is organized by libraries, with
  // constructors first and then methods in alphabetic order.
  // Methods that are not supported here should ultimately have Java models
  // provided for them in the class-path.

  // String library
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.<init>:(Ljava/lang/String;)V"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_constructor_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.String.<init>:(Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;)V"] = std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_constructor_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.<init>:([CII)V"] = std::bind(
    &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_init_from_array_code,
    this,
    std::placeholders::_1,
    std::placeholders::_2,
    std::placeholders::_3,
    std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_constructor
    ["java::java.lang.String.<init>:()V"]=
      ID_cprover_string_empty_string_func;

  // CProverString.charAt differs from the Java String.charAt in that no
  // exception is raised for the out of bounds case.
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.charAt:(Ljava/lang/String;I)C"]=
      ID_cprover_string_char_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.codePointAt:(Ljava/lang/String;I)I"] =
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.codePointBefore:(Ljava/lang/String;I)I"] =
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_before_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.codePointCount:(Ljava/lang/String;II)I"] =
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_count_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.compareTo:(Ljava/lang/String;)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_compare_to_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.concat:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.contains:(Ljava/lang/CharSequence;)Z"]=
    ID_cprover_string_contains_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.copyValueOf:([CII)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
    ID_cprover_string_copy_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.copyValueOf:([C)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
    ID_cprover_string_copy_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.endsWith:(Ljava/lang/String;)Z"]=
      ID_cprover_string_endswith_func;

  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.equals:(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_equals_function_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.equalsIgnoreCase:(Ljava/lang/String;)Z"]=
      ID_cprover_string_equals_ignore_case_func;
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.String.format:(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)"
     "Ljava/lang/String;"] =
      std::bind(
        &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_string_format_code,
        this,
        std::placeholders::_1,
        std::placeholders::_2,
        std::placeholders::_3,
        std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.hashCode:()I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_hash_code_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.indexOf:(I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.indexOf:(II)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.indexOf:(Ljava/lang/String;)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.indexOf:(Ljava/lang/String;I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.intern:()Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_intern_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.isEmpty:()Z"]=
      ID_cprover_string_is_empty_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.lastIndexOf:(I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_last_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.lastIndexOf:(II)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_last_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.lastIndexOf:(Ljava/lang/String;)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_last_index_of_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.lastIndexOf:(Ljava/lang/String;I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_last_index_of_func;
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.length:()I"] = std::bind(
    &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_string_length_code,
    this,
    std::placeholders::_1,
    std::placeholders::_2,
    std::placeholders::_3,
    std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.offsetByCodePoints:(Ljava/lang/"
     "String;II)I"] = ID_cprover_string_offset_by_code_point_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.replace:(CC)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_replace_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.replace:(Ljava/lang/CharSequence;Ljava/lang/CharSequence;)Ljava/lang/String;"]= // NOLINT
      ID_cprover_string_replace_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.startsWith:(Ljava/lang/String;)Z"]=
      ID_cprover_string_startswith_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.startsWith:(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z"]=
      ID_cprover_string_startswith_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.subSequence:(Ljava/lang/String;II)Ljava/"
     "lang/CharSequence;"] = ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  // CProverString.substring differs from the Java String.substring in that no
  // exception is raised for the out of bounds case.
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.substring:(Ljava/lang/String;II)"
    "Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.substring:(Ljava/lang/String;I)"
    "Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.toLowerCase:()Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_to_lower_case_func;
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.toUpperCase:()Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_to_upper_case_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.trim:()Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_trim_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.valueOf:(Z)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_bool_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.valueOf:(C)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_char_func;
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.valueOf:(D)Ljava/lang/String;"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_float_to_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.valueOf:(F)Ljava/lang/String;"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_float_to_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.valueOf:(I)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.String.valueOf:(J)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_long_func;

  // StringBuilder library
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.<init>:(Ljava/lang/String;)V"] = std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_constructor_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_constructor
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.<init>:()V"]=
      ID_cprover_string_empty_string_func;

  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.append:(C)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_char_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.append:([C)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.append:(D)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_concat_double_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.append:(Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;Ljava/"
     "lang/CharSequence;II)"
     "Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] = ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/CharSequence;)"
     "Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] = ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)"
     "Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] = ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.append:(Z)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_bool_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.appendCodePoint:(I)"
     "Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_code_point_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.charAt:(I)C"]=
      ID_cprover_string_char_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.codePointAt:(I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.codePointBefore:(I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_before_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.codePointCount:(II)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_count_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.delete:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBuilder;II)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_delete_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.deleteCharAt:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBuilder;I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_delete_char_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBuilder;IC)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_insert_char_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBuilder;IZ)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_insert_bool_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBuilder;II)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_insert_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBuilder;IJ)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_insert_long_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;ILjava/"
     "lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;"] = ID_cprover_string_insert_func;
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.length:()I"] = std::bind(
    &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_string_length_code,
    this,
    std::placeholders::_1,
    std::placeholders::_2,
    std::placeholders::_3,
    std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.setCharAt:(IC)V"]=
      ID_cprover_string_char_set_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.setLength:(I)V"]=
      ID_cprover_string_set_length_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.substring:(II)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.substring:(I)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;"] = std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);

  // StringBuffer library
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.<init>:(Ljava/lang/String;)V"] = std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_constructor_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_constructor
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.<init>:()V"]=
      ID_cprover_string_empty_string_func;

  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(C)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_char_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(D)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_double_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(F)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_float_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(J)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_long_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)"
      "Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;)"
     "Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_concat_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.append:(Z)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_concat_bool_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.appendCodePoint:(I)"
     "Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_concat_code_point_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.charAt:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;I)C"] =
      ID_cprover_string_char_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.codePointAt:(I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.codePointBefore:(I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_before_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.codePointCount:(II)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_code_point_count_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.delete:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;II)Ljava/"
     "lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_delete_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.deleteCharAt:(Ljava/lang/"
     "StringBufferI)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"] =
      ID_cprover_string_delete_char_at_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;IC)Ljava/"
     "lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_insert_char_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;II)Ljava/"
     "lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_insert_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;IJ)Ljava/"
     "lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_insert_long_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;ILjava/"
     "lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_insert_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_and_return_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.insert:(Ljava/lang/StringBuffer;IZ)Ljava/"
     "lang/StringBuffer;"] = ID_cprover_string_insert_bool_func;
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.length:()I"]=
      conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.length:()I"];
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.setCharAt:(Ljava/lang/String;IC)V"] =
      ID_cprover_string_char_set_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_assign_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.setLength:(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"] =
      ID_cprover_string_set_length_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.substring:(I)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::org.cprover.CProverString.substring:(Ljava/Lang/"
     "StringBuffer;II)Ljava/lang/String;"] = ID_cprover_string_substring_func;
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.StringBuffer.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;"] = std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);

  // CharSequence library
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.CharSequence.charAt:(I)C"]=
      ID_cprover_string_char_at_func;
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.CharSequence.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;"] = std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_copy_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  conversion_table
    ["java::java.lang.CharSequence.length:()I"]=
      conversion_table["java::java.lang.String.length:()I"];

  // Other libraries
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.Float.toString:(F)Ljava/lang/String;"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_float_to_string_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.Integer.parseInt:(Ljava/lang/String;)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_parse_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.Integer.parseInt:(Ljava/lang/String;I)I"]=
      ID_cprover_string_parse_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.Long.parseLong:(Ljava/lang/String;)J"]=
      ID_cprover_string_parse_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_function
    ["java::java.lang.Long.parseLong:(Ljava/lang/String;I)J"]=
      ID_cprover_string_parse_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.Integer.toHexString:(I)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_int_hex_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.Integer.toString:(I)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.Integer.toString:(II)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.Long.toString:(J)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_int_func;
  cprover_equivalent_to_java_string_returning_function
    ["java::java.lang.Long.toString:(JI)Ljava/lang/String;"]=
      ID_cprover_string_of_int_func;
  conversion_table["java::java.lang.Object.getClass:()Ljava/lang/Class;"] =
    std::bind(
      &java_string_library_preprocesst::make_object_get_class_code,
      this,
      std::placeholders::_1,
      std::placeholders::_2,
      std::placeholders::_3,
      std::placeholders::_4);
}