diff --git a/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/Repositories.java b/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/Repositories.java
index 3d73e8e2f4..35326373f6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/Repositories.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/Repositories.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
+import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
 import org.springframework.data.mapping.PersistentEntity;
 import org.springframework.data.mapping.context.MappingContext;
 import org.springframework.data.repository.core.EntityInformation;
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@
  * @author Thomas Darimont
  * @author Thomas Eizinger
  * @author Christoph Strobl
+ * @author Jan Zeppenfeld
  */
 public class Repositories implements Iterable<Class<?>> {
 
@@ -276,9 +278,16 @@ private void cacheFirstOrPrimary(Class<?> type, RepositoryFactoryInformation inf
 
 		if (repositoryBeanNames.containsKey(type)) {
 
-			Boolean presentAndPrimary = beanFactory //
+			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory = beanFactory
 					.filter(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory.class::isInstance) //
 					.map(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory.class::cast) //
+					.orElse(beanFactory //
+							.filter(ConfigurableApplicationContext.class::isInstance) //
+							.map(ConfigurableApplicationContext.class::cast) //
+							.map(ConfigurableApplicationContext::getBeanFactory) //
+							.orElse(null));
+
+			Boolean presentAndPrimary = Optional.ofNullable(configurableListableBeanFactory)
 					.map(it -> it.getBeanDefinition(name)) //
 					.map(BeanDefinition::isPrimary) //
 					.orElse(false);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/RepositoriesUnitTests.java b/src/test/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/RepositoriesUnitTests.java
index 71a7a4b54f..b7a5f2b886 100755
--- a/src/test/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/RepositoriesUnitTests.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/springframework/data/repository/support/RepositoriesUnitTests.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
  *
  * @author Oliver Gierke
  * @author Thomas Darimont
+ * @author Jan Zeppenfeld
  */
 @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
 @MockitoSettings(strictness = Strictness.LENIENT)
@@ -183,6 +184,28 @@ void keepsPrimaryRepositoryInCaseOfMultipleOnes() {
 		});
 	}
 
+	@Test // DATAREST-923, DATACMNS-1142
+	void keepsPrimaryRepositoryInCaseOfMultipleOnesIfContextIsNotAConfigurableListableBeanFactory() {
+
+		DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
+		beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("first", getRepositoryBeanDefinition(FirstRepository.class));
+
+		AbstractBeanDefinition definition = getRepositoryBeanDefinition(PrimaryRepository.class);
+		definition.setPrimary(true);
+
+		beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("primary", definition);
+		beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("third", getRepositoryBeanDefinition(ThirdRepository.class));
+
+		context = new GenericApplicationContext(beanFactory);
+		context.refresh();
+
+		Repositories repositories = new Repositories(context);
+
+		assertThat(repositories.getRepositoryFor(SomeEntity.class)).hasValueSatisfying(it -> {
+			assertThat(it).isInstanceOf(PrimaryRepository.class);
+		});
+	}
+
 	class Person {}
 
 	class Address {}