diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala
index a9a1eaa05fe9..b915b199094c 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala
@@ -352,6 +352,9 @@ object desugar {
         if (isCaseClass && originalTparams.isEmpty)
           ctx.error(CaseClassMissingParamList(cdef), cdef.namePos)
         ListOfNil
+      } else if (isCaseClass && originalVparamss.head.exists(_.mods.is(Implicit))) {
+          ctx.error("Case classes should have a non-implicit parameter list", cdef.namePos)
+        ListOfNil
       }
       else originalVparamss.nestedMap(toDefParam)
     val constr = cpy.DefDef(constr1)(tparams = constrTparams, vparamss = constrVparamss)
diff --git a/tests/neg/5541.scala b/tests/neg/5541.scala
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..53d178e57c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/neg/5541.scala
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+case class Foo(implicit i: Int) // error: Case classes should have a non-implicit parameter list