diff --git a/community-build/community-projects/scodec b/community-build/community-projects/scodec
index 18047cac1feb..d59c0440b078 160000
--- a/community-build/community-projects/scodec
+++ b/community-build/community-projects/scodec
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 18047cac1febc840e03dee91a31183d64e632222
+Subproject commit d59c0440b078292dedff10b6743d6a086f468527
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/parsing/Parsers.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/parsing/Parsers.scala
index 399eabfff0f1..6d152dc116d8 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/parsing/Parsers.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/parsing/Parsers.scala
@@ -1820,7 +1820,7 @@ object Parsers {
 
     def typeDependingOn(location: Location): Tree =
       if location.inParens then typ()
-      else if location.inPattern then refinedType()
+      else if location.inPattern then rejectWildcardType(refinedType())
       else infixType()
 
 /* ----------- EXPRESSIONS ------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -2609,10 +2609,10 @@ object Parsers {
     def typeCaseClause(): CaseDef = atSpan(in.offset) {
       val pat = inSepRegion(InCase) {
         accept(CASE)
-        infixType()
+        rejectWildcardType(infixType())
       }
       CaseDef(pat, EmptyTree, atSpan(accept(ARROW)) {
-        val t = typ()
+        val t = rejectWildcardType(typ())
         newLinesOptWhenFollowedBy(CASE)
         t
       })
diff --git a/tests/neg/12261.scala b/tests/neg/12261.scala
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..70120671a05b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/neg/12261.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+type M0[X] = X match {
+  case ? => String // error: Unbound wildcard type
+}
+
+type M1[X] = X match {
+  case Any => _ // error: Unbound wildcard type
+}
+
+type M2[X] = X match {
+  case Any => ? // error: Unbound wildcard type
+}
+
+val a = "" match { case _: _ => () } // error: Unbound wildcard type
+
+val b = try { } catch { case _: _ => () } // error: Unbound wildcard type
diff --git a/tests/pos/9239.scala b/tests/pos/9239.scala
index 8f3ddfbd1ced..c9c0ec268218 100644
--- a/tests/pos/9239.scala
+++ b/tests/pos/9239.scala
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ object ABug:
     N match
       case Zero => One
       case One => One
-      case ? => ![--[N]] × (N)
+      case _ => ![--[N]] × (N)
       case ? :: ? => ![--[N]] × (N)