Fix #2152: Instantiate dependent result type parameters

#2152 shows that dependent result type parameters can end up in
the types of terms, so we have to eliminate them. If we don't we
get orphan parameters in pickling.
Fix method name and comment

Author: odersky

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/NameKinds.scala

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ object NameKinds {
   val InlineAccessorName      = new UniqueNameKind("$_inlineAccessor_$")
   val TempResultName          = new UniqueNameKind("ev$")
   val EvidenceParamName       = new UniqueNameKind("evidence$")
-  val DepParamName            = new UniqueNameKind("<param>")
+  val DepParamName            = new UniqueNameKind("(param)")
   val LazyImplicitName        = new UniqueNameKind("$_lazy_implicit_$")
   val LazyLocalName           = new UniqueNameKind("$lzy")
   val LazyLocalInitName       = new UniqueNameKind("$lzyINIT")

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/TypeOps.scala

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import SymDenotations._, Denotations.SingleDenotation
 import config.Printers.typr
 import util.Positions._
 import NameOps._
+import NameKinds.DepParamName
 import Decorators._
 import StdNames._
 import Annotations._
@@ -169,6 +170,9 @@ trait TypeOps { this: Context => // TODO: Make standalone object.
       simplify(l, theMap) & simplify(r, theMap)
     case OrType(l, r) =>
       simplify(l, theMap) | simplify(r, theMap)
+    case tp: TypeVar if tp.origin.paramName.is(DepParamName) =>
+      val effectiveVariance = if (theMap == null) 1 else theMap.variance
+      tp.instanceOpt orElse tp.instantiate(fromBelow = effectiveVariance != -1)
     case _ =>
       (if (theMap != null) theMap else new SimplifyMap).mapOver(tp)
   }

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/Types.scala

@@ -3509,7 +3509,7 @@ object Types {
 
     def apply(tp: Type): Type
 
-    protected var variance = 1
+    protected[core] var variance = 1
 
     protected def derivedSelect(tp: NamedType, pre: Type): Type =
       tp.derivedSelect(pre)

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/ProtoTypes.scala

@@ -377,9 +377,10 @@ object ProtoTypes {
    *  Also, if `owningTree` is non-empty, add a type variable for each parameter.
    *  @return  The added type lambda, and the list of created type variables.
    */
-  def constrained(tl: TypeLambda, owningTree: untpd.Tree)(implicit ctx: Context): (TypeLambda, List[TypeTree]) = {
+  def constrained(tl: TypeLambda, owningTree: untpd.Tree, alwaysAddTypeVars: Boolean = false)(implicit ctx: Context): (TypeLambda, List[TypeTree]) = {
     val state = ctx.typerState
-    assert(!(ctx.typerState.isCommittable && owningTree.isEmpty),
+    val addTypeVars = alwaysAddTypeVars || !owningTree.isEmpty
+    assert(!(ctx.typerState.isCommittable && !addTypeVars),
       s"inconsistent: no typevars were added to committable constraint ${state.constraint}")
 
     def newTypeVars(tl: TypeLambda): List[TypeTree] =
@@ -392,21 +393,21 @@ object ProtoTypes {
     val added =
       if (state.constraint contains tl) tl.newLikeThis(tl.paramNames, tl.paramInfos, tl.resultType)
       else tl
-    val tvars = if (owningTree.isEmpty) Nil else newTypeVars(added)
+    val tvars = if (addTypeVars) newTypeVars(added) else Nil
     ctx.typeComparer.addToConstraint(added, tvars.tpes.asInstanceOf[List[TypeVar]])
     (added, tvars)
   }
 
   /**  Same as `constrained(tl, EmptyTree)`, but returns just the created type lambda */
   def constrained(tl: TypeLambda)(implicit ctx: Context): TypeLambda = constrained(tl, EmptyTree)._1
 
-  /** Create a new TypeParamRef that represents a dependent method parameter singleton */
-  def newDepTypeParamRef(tp: Type)(implicit ctx: Context): TypeParamRef = {
+  /** Create a new TypeVar that represents a dependent method parameter singleton */
+  def newDepTypeVar(tp: Type)(implicit ctx: Context): TypeVar = {
     val poly = PolyType(DepParamName.fresh().toTypeName :: Nil)(
         pt => TypeBounds.upper(AndType(tp, defn.SingletonType)) :: Nil,
         pt => defn.AnyType)
-    ctx.typeComparer.addToConstraint(poly, Nil)
-    TypeParamRef(poly, 0)
+    constrained(poly, untpd.EmptyTree, alwaysAddTypeVars = true)
+      ._2.head.tpe.asInstanceOf[TypeVar]
   }
 
   /** The result type of `mt`, where all references to parameters of `mt` are
@@ -415,7 +416,7 @@ object ProtoTypes {
   def resultTypeApprox(mt: MethodType)(implicit ctx: Context): Type =
     if (mt.isDependent) {
       def replacement(tp: Type) =
-        if (ctx.mode.is(Mode.TypevarsMissContext)) WildcardType else newDepTypeParamRef(tp)
+        if (ctx.mode.is(Mode.TypevarsMissContext)) WildcardType else newDepTypeVar(tp)
       mt.resultType.substParams(mt, mt.paramInfos.map(replacement))
     }
     else mt.resultType

tests/pos/i2152.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class Contra[-D](task: AnyRef)
+object Test {
+  def narrow(task: AnyRef): Contra[task.type] = new Contra(task)
+  def ident[Before](elems: Contra[Before]): Contra[Before] = elems
+  val foo = null
+  ident(narrow(foo))
+}