diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index cad02eacc1..15e5b6d3f6 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ version of Rust known to pass tests.
 
 ## Version of libgit2
 
-Currently this library requires libgit2 1.0.0. The source for libgit2 is
+Currently this library requires libgit2 1.1.0. The source for libgit2 is
 included in the libgit2-sys crate so there's no need to pre-install the libgit2
 library, the libgit2-sys crate will figure that and/or build that for you.
 
diff --git a/libgit2-sys/libgit2 b/libgit2-sys/libgit2
index a83fd51078..7f4fa17862 160000
--- a/libgit2-sys/libgit2
+++ b/libgit2-sys/libgit2
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit a83fd5107879d18b31ff8173ea062136256321be
+Subproject commit 7f4fa178629d559c037a1f72f79f79af9c1ef8ce
diff --git a/src/branch.rs b/src/branch.rs
index c33a18370e..276bc534ac 100644
--- a/src/branch.rs
+++ b/src/branch.rs
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut b1 = b1.rename("bar", false).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(b1.name().unwrap(), Some("bar"));
         assert!(b1.upstream().is_err());
-        b1.set_upstream(Some("master")).unwrap();
+        b1.set_upstream(Some("main")).unwrap();
         b1.upstream().unwrap();
         b1.set_upstream(None).unwrap();
 
diff --git a/src/build.rs b/src/build.rs
index f86b89ca93..286b009f22 100644
--- a/src/build.rs
+++ b/src/build.rs
@@ -714,7 +714,9 @@ mod tests {
         let cd = TempDir::new().unwrap();
 
         {
-            let repo = Repository::init(&td.path()).unwrap();
+            let mut opts = crate::RepositoryInitOptions::new();
+            opts.initial_head("main");
+            let repo = Repository::init_opts(&td.path(), &opts).unwrap();
 
             let mut config = repo.config().unwrap();
             config.set_str("user.name", "name").unwrap();
@@ -735,7 +737,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let repo = Repository::open_bare(&td.path().join(".git")).unwrap();
         let tree = repo
-            .revparse_single(&"master")
+            .revparse_single(&"main")
             .unwrap()
             .peel_to_tree()
             .unwrap();
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index 14cc9b7d3e..ace4009230 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -1419,7 +1419,7 @@ bitflags! {
         /// components (e.g., `foo/*/bar` but not `foo/bar*`).
         const REFSPEC_PATTERN = raw::GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_REFSPEC_PATTERN as u32;
         /// Interpret the name as part of a refspec in shorthand form so the
-        /// `ALLOW_ONELEVEL` naming rules aren't enforced and `master` becomes a
+        /// `ALLOW_ONELEVEL` naming rules aren't enforced and `main` becomes a
         /// valid name.
         const REFSPEC_SHORTHAND = raw::GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_REFSPEC_SHORTHAND as u32;
     }
diff --git a/src/rebase.rs b/src/rebase.rs
index d4e54133bc..e44470b820 100644
--- a/src/rebase.rs
+++ b/src/rebase.rs
@@ -349,21 +349,21 @@ mod tests {
         // We just want to see the iteration work so we can create commits with
         // no changes
         let c1 = repo
-            .commit(Some("refs/heads/master"), &sig, &sig, "foo", &tree, &[&tip])
+            .commit(Some("refs/heads/main"), &sig, &sig, "foo", &tree, &[&tip])
             .unwrap();
         let c1 = repo.find_commit(c1).unwrap();
         let c2 = repo
-            .commit(Some("refs/heads/master"), &sig, &sig, "foo", &tree, &[&c1])
+            .commit(Some("refs/heads/main"), &sig, &sig, "foo", &tree, &[&c1])
             .unwrap();
 
-        let head = repo.find_reference("refs/heads/master").unwrap();
+        let head = repo.find_reference("refs/heads/main").unwrap();
         let branch = repo.reference_to_annotated_commit(&head).unwrap();
         let upstream = repo.find_annotated_commit(tip.id()).unwrap();
         let mut rebase = repo
             .rebase(Some(&branch), Some(&upstream), None, None)
             .unwrap();
 
-        assert_eq!(Some("refs/heads/master"), rebase.orig_head_name());
+        assert_eq!(Some("refs/heads/main"), rebase.orig_head_name());
         assert_eq!(Some(c2), rebase.orig_head_id());
 
         assert_eq!(rebase.len(), 2);
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ mod tests {
         let tree_id_a = index.write_tree().unwrap();
         let tree_a = repo.find_tree(tree_id_a).unwrap();
         let c1 = repo
-            .commit(Some("refs/heads/master"), &sig, &sig, "A", &tree_a, &[&tip])
+            .commit(Some("refs/heads/main"), &sig, &sig, "A", &tree_a, &[&tip])
             .unwrap();
         let c1 = repo.find_commit(c1).unwrap();
 
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ mod tests {
         let tree_id_b = index.write_tree().unwrap();
         let tree_b = repo.find_tree(tree_id_b).unwrap();
         let c2 = repo
-            .commit(Some("refs/heads/master"), &sig, &sig, "B", &tree_b, &[&c1])
+            .commit(Some("refs/heads/main"), &sig, &sig, "B", &tree_b, &[&c1])
             .unwrap();
 
         let branch = repo.find_annotated_commit(c2).unwrap();
diff --git a/src/reference.rs b/src/reference.rs
index 09f4f88671..cc08b0dfa6 100644
--- a/src/reference.rs
+++ b/src/reference.rs
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ impl<'repo> Reference<'repo> {
     /// use git2::Reference;
     ///
     /// assert!(Reference::is_valid_name("HEAD"));
-    /// assert!(Reference::is_valid_name("refs/heads/master"));
+    /// assert!(Reference::is_valid_name("refs/heads/main"));
     ///
     /// // But:
-    /// assert!(!Reference::is_valid_name("master"));
+    /// assert!(!Reference::is_valid_name("main"));
     /// assert!(!Reference::is_valid_name("refs/heads/*"));
     /// assert!(!Reference::is_valid_name("foo//bar"));
     /// ```
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ impl<'repo> Reference<'repo> {
     ///    only when combined with [`ReferenceFormat::ALLOW_ONELEVEL`]. If
     ///    it is given, "shorthand" branch names (i.e. those not prefixed by
     ///    `refs/`, but consisting of a single word without `/` separators)
-    ///    become valid. For example, "master" would be accepted.
+    ///    become valid. For example, "main" would be accepted.
     /// 3. If [`ReferenceFormat::REFSPEC_PATTERN`] is given, the name may
     ///    contain a single `*` in place of a full pathname component (e.g.
     ///    `foo/*/bar`, `foo/bar*`).
@@ -121,11 +121,11 @@ impl<'repo> Reference<'repo> {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(
     ///     Reference::normalize_name(
-    ///         "master",
+    ///         "main",
     ///         ReferenceFormat::ALLOW_ONELEVEL | ReferenceFormat::REFSPEC_SHORTHAND
     ///     )
     ///     .unwrap(),
-    ///     "master".to_owned()
+    ///     "main".to_owned()
     /// );
     /// ```
     ///
@@ -482,18 +482,18 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(head.kind().unwrap(), ReferenceType::Direct);
 
         assert!(head == repo.head().unwrap());
-        assert_eq!(head.name(), Some("refs/heads/master"));
+        assert_eq!(head.name(), Some("refs/heads/main"));
 
-        assert!(head == repo.find_reference("refs/heads/master").unwrap());
+        assert!(head == repo.find_reference("refs/heads/main").unwrap());
         assert_eq!(
-            repo.refname_to_id("refs/heads/master").unwrap(),
+            repo.refname_to_id("refs/heads/main").unwrap(),
             head.target().unwrap()
         );
 
         assert!(head.symbolic_target().is_none());
         assert!(head.target_peel().is_none());
 
-        assert_eq!(head.shorthand(), Some("master"));
+        assert_eq!(head.shorthand(), Some("main"));
         assert!(head.resolve().unwrap() == head);
 
         let mut tag1 = repo
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ mod tests {
         tag1.delete().unwrap();
 
         let mut sym1 = repo
-            .reference_symbolic("refs/tags/tag1", "refs/heads/master", false, "test")
+            .reference_symbolic("refs/tags/tag1", "refs/heads/main", false, "test")
             .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(sym1.kind().unwrap(), ReferenceType::Symbolic);
         sym1.delete().unwrap();
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ mod tests {
             assert!(repo.references().unwrap().next().unwrap().unwrap() == head);
             let mut names = repo.references().unwrap();
             let mut names = names.names();
-            assert_eq!(names.next().unwrap().unwrap(), "refs/heads/master");
+            assert_eq!(names.next().unwrap().unwrap(), "refs/heads/main");
             assert!(names.next().is_none());
             assert!(repo.references_glob("foo").unwrap().count() == 0);
             assert!(repo.references_glob("refs/heads/*").unwrap().count() == 1);
diff --git a/src/remote.rs b/src/remote.rs
index d2ea83fa01..7fb2561038 100644
--- a/src/remote.rs
+++ b/src/remote.rs
@@ -231,15 +231,15 @@ impl<'repo> Remote<'repo> {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    /// Example of functionality similar to `git fetch origin/master`:
+    /// Example of functionality similar to `git fetch origin/main`:
     ///
     /// ```no_run
-    /// fn fetch_origin_master(repo: git2::Repository) -> Result<(), git2::Error> {
-    ///     repo.find_remote("origin")?.fetch(&["master"], None, None)
+    /// fn fetch_origin_main(repo: git2::Repository) -> Result<(), git2::Error> {
+    ///     repo.find_remote("origin")?.fetch(&["main"], None, None)
     /// }
     ///
     /// let repo = git2::Repository::discover("rust").unwrap();
-    /// fetch_origin_master(repo).unwrap();
+    /// fetch_origin_main(repo).unwrap();
     /// ```
     pub fn fetch<Str: AsRef<str> + crate::IntoCString + Clone>(
         &mut self,
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ mod tests {
             assert_eq!(list.len(), 2);
             assert_eq!(list[0].name(), "HEAD");
             assert!(!list[0].is_local());
-            assert_eq!(list[1].name(), "refs/heads/master");
+            assert_eq!(list[1].name(), "refs/heads/main");
             assert!(!list[1].is_local());
         }
         assert!(progress_hit.get());
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ mod tests {
             assert_eq!(list.len(), 2);
             assert_eq!(list[0].name(), "HEAD");
             assert!(!list[0].is_local());
-            assert_eq!(list[1].name(), "refs/heads/master");
+            assert_eq!(list[1].name(), "refs/heads/main");
             assert!(!list[1].is_local());
         }
         assert!(!origin.connected());
@@ -803,7 +803,10 @@ mod tests {
         let td3 = TempDir::new().unwrap();
         let url = crate::test::path2url(&td2.path());
 
-        Repository::init_bare(td2.path()).unwrap();
+        let mut opts = crate::RepositoryInitOptions::new();
+        opts.bare(true);
+        opts.initial_head("main");
+        Repository::init_opts(td2.path(), &opts).unwrap();
         // git push
         let mut remote = repo.remote("origin", &url).unwrap();
         let mut updated = false;
@@ -811,14 +814,14 @@ mod tests {
             let mut callbacks = RemoteCallbacks::new();
             callbacks.push_update_reference(|refname, status| {
                 updated = true;
-                assert_eq!(refname, "refs/heads/master");
+                assert_eq!(refname, "refs/heads/main");
                 assert_eq!(status, None);
                 Ok(())
             });
             let mut options = PushOptions::new();
             options.remote_callbacks(callbacks);
             remote
-                .push(&["refs/heads/master"], Some(&mut options))
+                .push(&["refs/heads/main"], Some(&mut options))
                 .unwrap();
         }
         assert!(updated);
diff --git a/src/repo.rs b/src/repo.rs
index 2854d81281..4f53ccb3fc 100644
--- a/src/repo.rs
+++ b/src/repo.rs
@@ -1463,7 +1463,7 @@ impl Repository {
 
     /// Lookup a reference to one of the objects in a repository.
     /// `Repository::find_reference` with teeth; give the method your reference in
-    /// human-readable format e.g. 'master' instead of 'refs/heads/master', and it
+    /// human-readable format e.g. 'main' instead of 'refs/heads/main', and it
     /// will do-what-you-mean, returning the `Reference`.
     pub fn resolve_reference_from_short_name(&self, refname: &str) -> Result<Reference<'_>, Error> {
         let refname = CString::new(refname)?;
@@ -2929,9 +2929,9 @@ impl RepositoryInitOptions {
 
     /// The name of the head to point HEAD at.
     ///
-    /// If not configured, this will be treated as `master` and the HEAD ref
-    /// will be set to `refs/heads/master`. If this begins with `refs/` it will
-    /// be used verbatim; otherwise `refs/heads/` will be prefixed
+    /// If not configured, this will be taken from your git configuration.
+    /// If this begins with `refs/` it will be used verbatim;
+    /// otherwise `refs/heads/` will be prefixed
     pub fn initial_head(&mut self, head: &str) -> &mut RepositoryInitOptions {
         self.initial_head = Some(CString::new(head).unwrap());
         self
@@ -3160,11 +3160,11 @@ mod tests {
         let (_td, repo) = crate::test::repo_init();
 
         assert_eq!(repo.reference_has_log("HEAD").unwrap(), true);
-        assert_eq!(repo.reference_has_log("refs/heads/master").unwrap(), true);
+        assert_eq!(repo.reference_has_log("refs/heads/main").unwrap(), true);
         assert_eq!(repo.reference_has_log("NOT_HEAD").unwrap(), false);
-        let master_oid = repo.revparse_single("master").unwrap().id();
+        let main_oid = repo.revparse_single("main").unwrap().id();
         assert!(repo
-            .reference("NOT_HEAD", master_oid, false, "creating a new branch")
+            .reference("NOT_HEAD", main_oid, false, "creating a new branch")
             .is_ok());
         assert_eq!(repo.reference_has_log("NOT_HEAD").unwrap(), false);
         assert!(repo.reference_ensure_log("NOT_HEAD").is_ok());
@@ -3178,7 +3178,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(repo.set_head("refs/heads/does-not-exist").is_ok());
         assert!(repo.head().is_err());
 
-        assert!(repo.set_head("refs/heads/master").is_ok());
+        assert!(repo.set_head("refs/heads/main").is_ok());
         assert!(repo.head().is_ok());
 
         assert!(repo.set_head("*").is_err());
@@ -3191,9 +3191,9 @@ mod tests {
         let void_oid = Oid::from_bytes(b"00000000000000000000").unwrap();
         assert!(repo.set_head_detached(void_oid).is_err());
 
-        let master_oid = repo.revparse_single("master").unwrap().id();
-        assert!(repo.set_head_detached(master_oid).is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(repo.head().unwrap().target().unwrap(), master_oid);
+        let main_oid = repo.revparse_single("main").unwrap().id();
+        assert!(repo.set_head_detached(main_oid).is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(repo.head().unwrap().target().unwrap(), main_oid);
     }
 
     /// create the following:
@@ -3425,8 +3425,8 @@ mod tests {
         let (_td, repo) = graph_repo_init();
 
         {
-            let short_refname = "master";
-            let expected_refname = "refs/heads/master";
+            let short_refname = "main";
+            let expected_refname = "refs/heads/main";
             let (obj, reference) = repo.revparse_ext(short_refname).unwrap();
             let expected_obj = repo.revparse_single(expected_refname).unwrap();
             assert_eq!(obj.id(), expected_obj.id());
diff --git a/src/stash.rs b/src/stash.rs
index f9f3927473..97e02b5de6 100644
--- a/src/stash.rs
+++ b/src/stash.rs
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ mod tests {
         repo.stash_foreach(|index, name, _oid| {
             count += 1;
             assert!(index == 0);
-            assert!(name == "On master: msg1");
+            assert!(name == "On main: msg1");
             true
         })
         .unwrap();
@@ -256,6 +256,6 @@ mod tests {
         })
         .unwrap();
 
-        assert!(stash_name.starts_with("WIP on master:"));
+        assert!(stash_name.starts_with("WIP on main:"));
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/test.rs b/src/test.rs
index 149f4946c5..f21690e355 100644
--- a/src/test.rs
+++ b/src/test.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use std::ptr;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use url::Url;
 
-use crate::{Oid, Repository};
+use crate::{Oid, Repository, RepositoryInitOptions};
 
 macro_rules! t {
     ($e:expr) => {
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ macro_rules! t {
 
 pub fn repo_init() -> (TempDir, Repository) {
     let td = TempDir::new().unwrap();
-    let repo = Repository::init(td.path()).unwrap();
+    let mut opts = RepositoryInitOptions::new();
+    opts.initial_head("main");
+    let repo = Repository::init_opts(td.path(), &opts).unwrap();
     {
         let mut config = repo.config().unwrap();
         config.set_str("user.name", "name").unwrap();
diff --git a/src/transport.rs b/src/transport.rs
index 5c5a1e6e8b..83d755716f 100644
--- a/src/transport.rs
+++ b/src/transport.rs
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let mut origin = t!(repo.find_remote("origin"));
 
-        match origin.fetch(&["master"], None, None) {
+        match origin.fetch(&["main"], None, None) {
             Ok(()) => unreachable!(),
             Err(e) => assert_eq!(e, dummy_error()),
         }