apacheGH-15070: [Python][CI] Update pandas test for empty columns dtype change in pandas 2.0.1 (apache#35031)

### Rationale for this change

Pandas changed the default dtype of the columns object for an empty DataFrame from object dtype to integer RangeIndex (see pandas-dev/pandas#52404). This updates our tests to pass with that change.

* Closes: apache#15070

Authored-by: Joris Van den Bossche <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <[email protected]>

Author: jorisvandenbossche

python/pyarrow/tests/test_pandas.py

@@ -2828,8 +2828,12 @@ def test_partial_schema(self):
 
     def test_table_batch_empty_dataframe(self):
         df = pd.DataFrame({})
-        _check_pandas_roundtrip(df)
-        _check_pandas_roundtrip(df, as_batch=True)
+        _check_pandas_roundtrip(df, preserve_index=None)
+        _check_pandas_roundtrip(df, preserve_index=None, as_batch=True)
+
+        expected = pd.DataFrame(columns=pd.Index([]))
+        _check_pandas_roundtrip(df, expected, preserve_index=False)
+        _check_pandas_roundtrip(df, expected, preserve_index=False, as_batch=True)
 
         df2 = pd.DataFrame({}, index=[0, 1, 2])
         _check_pandas_roundtrip(df2, preserve_index=True)