App.java

/*
 * Copyright 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */

package helloworld;

import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.APIGatewayProxyRequestEvent;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.dynamodb.DynamoDbClient;
import software.amazon.lambda.powertools.idempotency.Idempotency;
import software.amazon.lambda.powertools.idempotency.IdempotencyConfig;
import software.amazon.lambda.powertools.idempotency.Idempotent;
import software.amazon.lambda.powertools.idempotency.persistence.dynamodb.DynamoDBPersistenceStore;
import software.amazon.lambda.powertools.logging.Logging;
import software.amazon.lambda.powertools.utilities.JsonConfig;

public class App implements RequestHandler<APIGatewayProxyRequestEvent, APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent> {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(App.class);

    public App() {
        this(null);
    }

    public App(DynamoDbClient client) {
        Idempotency.config().withConfig(
                        IdempotencyConfig.builder()
                                .withEventKeyJMESPath(
                                        "powertools_json(body).address") // will retrieve the address field in the body which is a string transformed to json with `powertools_json`
                                .build())
                .withPersistenceStore(
                        DynamoDBPersistenceStore.builder()
                                .withDynamoDbClient(client)
                                .withTableName(System.getenv("IDEMPOTENCY_TABLE"))
                                .build()
                ).configure();
    }

    /**
     * This is our Lambda event handler. It accepts HTTP POST  requests from API gateway and returns the contents of the given URL. Requests are made idempotent
     * by the idempotency library, and results are cached for the default 1h expiry time.
     * <p>
     * You can test the endpoint like this:
     *
     * <pre>
     *     curl -X POST https://[REST-API-ID].execute-api.[REGION].amazonaws.com/Prod/helloidem/ -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"address": "https://checkip.amazonaws.com"}'
     * </pre>
     * <ul>
     *     <li>First call will execute the handleRequest normally, and store the response in the idempotency table (Look into DynamoDB)</li>
     *     <li>Second call (and next ones) will retrieve from the cache (if cache is enabled, which is by default) or from the store, the handler won't be called. Until the expiration happens (by default 1 hour).</li>
     * </ul>
     */
    @Idempotent // The magic is here!
    @Logging(logEvent = true)
    public APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent handleRequest(final APIGatewayProxyRequestEvent input, final Context context) {
        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();

        headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
        headers.put("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
        headers.put("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, OPTIONS");
        headers.put("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "*");

        APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent response = new APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent()
                .withHeaders(headers);
        try {
            // Read the 'address' field from the JSON post body
            String address = JsonConfig.get().getObjectMapper().readTree(input.getBody()).get("address").asText();
            final String pageContents = this.getPageContents(address);
            String output = String.format("{ \"message\": \"hello world\", \"location\": \"%s\" }", pageContents);

            log.info("ip is {}", pageContents);
            return response
                    .withStatusCode(200)
                    .withBody(output);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            return response
                    .withBody("{}")
                    .withStatusCode(500);
        }
    }


    /**
     * Helper to retrieve the contents of the given URL and return them as a string.
     * <p>
     * We could also put the @Idempotent annotation here if we only wanted this sub-operation to be idempotent. Putting
     * it on the handler, however, reduces total execution time and saves us time!
     *
     * @param address The URL to fetch
     * @return The contents of the given URL
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private String getPageContents(String address) throws IOException {
        URL url = new URL(address);
        try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) {
            return br.lines().collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));
        }
    }
}