diff --git a/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py b/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py
index 84ba660c9..5d67df530 100644
--- a/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py
+++ b/jsonschema/tests/test_validators.py
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@
 from jsonschema.tests.compat import mock, unittest
 from jsonschema.validators import (
     RefResolutionError, UnknownType, Draft3Validator,
-    Draft4Validator, RefResolver, create, extend, validator_for, validate,
+    Draft4Validator, RefResolver, create, extend, validator_for, validate
 )
+from jsonschema.compat import unquote
 
 
 class TestCreateAndExtend(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -771,6 +772,20 @@ class TestRefResolver(unittest.TestCase):
     stored_uri = "foo://stored"
     stored_schema = {"stored" : "schema"}
 
+    def prev_resolve_fragment(self, document, fragment):
+        fragment = fragment.lstrip(u"/")
+        parts = unquote(fragment).split(u"/") if fragment else []
+
+        for part in parts:
+            try:
+                document = document[part]
+            except (TypeError, LookupError):
+                raise RefResolutionError(
+                    "Unresolvable JSON pointer: %r" % fragment
+                )
+
+        return document
+
     def setUp(self):
         self.referrer = {}
         self.store = {self.stored_uri : self.stored_schema}
@@ -898,6 +913,63 @@ def test_helpful_error_message_on_failed_pop_scope(self):
             resolver.pop_scope()
         self.assertIn("Failed to pop the scope", str(exc.exception))
 
+    def test_prev_resolve_fragment_raises_exception(self):
+        schema = {
+            "definitions": {
+                "Pet": {
+                    "properties": {
+                        "category": {
+                            "type": "array",
+                            "items": {
+                                "$ref": "#/definitions/Category"
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                },
+                "Category": {
+                    "properties": {
+                        "name": {
+                            "type": "string"
+                        },
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        resolver = RefResolver.from_schema(schema)
+        resolver.resolve_fragment = mock.MagicMock(
+            side_effect=self.prev_resolve_fragment)
+        self.assertRaises(RefResolutionError,
+                          resolver.resolve_fragment,
+                          schema,
+                          "#/definitions/Category")
+
+    def test_resolve_fragment(self):
+        schema = {
+            "definitions": {
+                "Pet": {
+                    "properties": {
+                        "category": {
+                            "type": "array",
+                            "items": {
+                                "$ref": "#/definitions/Category"
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                },
+                "Category": {
+                    "properties": {
+                        "name": {
+                            "type": "string"
+                        },
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        resolver = RefResolver.from_schema(schema)
+        self.assertEqual(resolver.resolve_fragment
+                         (schema, "#/definitions/Category"),
+                         schema['definitions']['Category'])
+
 
 class UniqueTupleItemsMixin(object):
     """
diff --git a/jsonschema/validators.py b/jsonschema/validators.py
index 0945949c9..b8f22ec88 100644
--- a/jsonschema/validators.py
+++ b/jsonschema/validators.py
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
     Sequence, urljoin, urlsplit, urldefrag, unquote, urlopen,
     str_types, int_types, iteritems, lru_cache,
 )
-from jsonschema.exceptions import ErrorTree  # Backwards compatibility  # noqa
 from jsonschema.exceptions import RefResolutionError, SchemaError, UnknownType
-
+from jsonschema.exceptions import ErrorTree  # Backwards compatibility  # noqa
 
 _unset = _utils.Unset()
 
@@ -356,7 +355,7 @@ def resolve_fragment(self, document, fragment):
 
         """
 
-        fragment = fragment.lstrip(u"/")
+        fragment = fragment.lstrip(u"#").lstrip(u"/")
         parts = unquote(fragment).split(u"/") if fragment else []
 
         for part in parts: