feat: update black and format code to match Python 3.11

1.  Update required version of `black` in `pyproject.toml` and `.circleci/config.yml`.
2.  Update Python version identifiers in `tool.black` section of `pyproject.toml` to include `py311` and `py312`.
3.  Modify invocation of `black` in `commands.py` to format with `py311`.
4.  Regenerate and reformat code.

Author: gvwilson

Diff for: .circleci/config.yml

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ jobs:
           command: |
             python -m venv venv
             . venv/bin/activate
-            pip install black==22.3.0
+            pip install black==25.1.0
       - run:
           name: Check formatting with black
           command: |

Diff for: _plotly_utils/colors/__init__.py

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 Be careful! If you have a lot of unique numbers in your color column you will
 end up with a colormap that is massive and may slow down graphing performance.
 """
+
 import decimal
 from numbers import Number
 

Diff for: codegen/__init__.py

@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
     get_data_validator_instance,
 )
 
+# Target Python version for code formatting with Black.
+# Must be one of the values listed in pyproject.toml.
+BLACK_TARGET_VERSION = "py311"
+
 
 # Import notes
 # ------------
@@ -326,9 +330,10 @@ def __getattr__(import_name):
 
     # ### Run black code formatter on output directories ###
     if reformat:
-        subprocess.call(["black", "--target-version=py36", validators_pkgdir])
-        subprocess.call(["black", "--target-version=py36", graph_objs_pkgdir])
-        subprocess.call(["black", "--target-version=py36", graph_objects_path])
+        target_version = f"--target-version={BLACK_TARGET_VERSION}"
+        subprocess.call(["black", target_version, validators_pkgdir])
+        subprocess.call(["black", target_version, graph_objs_pkgdir])
+        subprocess.call(["black", target_version, graph_objects_path])
     else:
         print("skipping reformatting")
 

Diff for: commands.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     ]
 )
 
+
 # Load plotly.js version from js/package.json
 def plotly_js_version():
     path = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "js", "package.json")

Diff for: plotly/__init__.py

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 - exceptions: defines our custom exception classes
 
 """
+
 import sys
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from _plotly_utils.importers import relative_import

Diff for: plotly/basedatatypes.py

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ def _make_underscore_key(key):
             return key.replace("-", "_")
 
         key_path2b = list(map(_make_hyphen_key, key_path2))
+
         # Here we want to split up each non-empty string in the list at
         # underscores and recombine the strings using chomp_empty_strings so
         # that leading, trailing and multiple _ will be preserved
@@ -1611,6 +1612,7 @@ def _add_annotation_like(
                 )
             ):
                 return self
+
             # in case the user specified they wanted an axis to refer to the
             # domain of that axis and not the data, append ' domain' to the
             # computed axis accordingly

Diff for: plotly/data/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """
 Built-in datasets for demonstration, educational and test purposes.
 """
+
 import os
 from importlib import import_module
 

Diff for: plotly/express/_core.py

@@ -985,9 +985,11 @@ def make_trace_spec(args, constructor, attrs, trace_patch):
 
 def make_trendline_spec(args, constructor):
     trace_spec = TraceSpec(
-        constructor=go.Scattergl
-        if constructor == go.Scattergl  # could be contour
-        else go.Scatter,
+        constructor=(
+            go.Scattergl
+            if constructor == go.Scattergl  # could be contour
+            else go.Scatter
+        ),
         attrs=["trendline"],
         trace_patch=dict(mode="lines"),
         marginal=None,
@@ -2456,9 +2458,11 @@ def get_groups_and_orders(args, grouper):
         full_sorted_group_names = [
             tuple(
                 [
-                    ""
-                    if col == one_group
-                    else sub_group_names[required_grouper.index(col)]
+                    (
+                        ""
+                        if col == one_group
+                        else sub_group_names[required_grouper.index(col)]
+                    )
                     for col in grouper
                 ]
             )

Diff for: plotly/express/data/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-"""Built-in datasets for demonstration, educational and test purposes.
-"""
+"""Built-in datasets for demonstration, educational and test purposes."""
 
 from plotly.data import *
 

Diff for: plotly/io/_templates.py

@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ def _merge_2_templates(self, template1, template2):
 templates = TemplatesConfig()
 del TemplatesConfig
 
+
 # Template utilities
 # ------------------
 def walk_push_to_template(fig_obj, template_obj, skip):

Diff for: plotly/matplotlylib/__init__.py

@@ -9,5 +9,6 @@
 'tools' module or 'plotly' package.
 
 """
+
 from plotly.matplotlylib.renderer import PlotlyRenderer
 from plotly.matplotlylib.mplexporter import Exporter

Diff for: plotly/matplotlylib/mplexporter/exporter.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 This submodule contains tools for crawling a matplotlib figure and exporting
 relevant pieces to a renderer.
 """
+
 import warnings
 import io
 from . import utils

Diff for: plotly/matplotlylib/mplexporter/utils.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 Utility Routines for Working with Matplotlib Objects
 ====================================================
 """
+
 import itertools
 import io
 import base64

Diff for: plotly/matplotlylib/mpltools.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 A module for converting from mpl language to plotly language.
 
 """
+
 import math
 
 import warnings
@@ -291,7 +292,7 @@ def convert_rgba_array(color_list):
     clean_color_list = list()
     for c in color_list:
         clean_color_list += [
-            (dict(r=int(c[0] * 255), g=int(c[1] * 255), b=int(c[2] * 255), a=c[3]))
+            dict(r=int(c[0] * 255), g=int(c[1] * 255), b=int(c[2] * 255), a=c[3])
         ]
     plotly_colors = list()
     for rgba in clean_color_list:

Diff for: plotly/matplotlylib/renderer.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 with the matplotlylib package.
 
 """
+
 import warnings
 
 import plotly.graph_objs as go

Diff for: plotly/offline/__init__.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 ======
 This module provides offline functionality.
 """
+
 from .offline import (
     download_plotlyjs,
     get_plotlyjs_version,

Diff for: plotly/offline/offline.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-""" Plotly Offline
-    A module to use Plotly's graphing library with Python
-    without connecting to a public or private plotly enterprise
-    server.
+"""Plotly Offline
+A module to use Plotly's graphing library with Python
+without connecting to a public or private plotly enterprise
+server.
 """
+
 import os
 import warnings
 import pkgutil

Diff for: plotly/tools.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 Functions that USERS will possibly want access to.
 
 """
+
 import json
 import warnings
 
@@ -571,6 +572,7 @@ def return_figure_from_figure_or_data(figure_or_data, validate_figure):
 DIAG_CHOICES = ["scatter", "histogram", "box"]
 VALID_COLORMAP_TYPES = ["cat", "seq"]
 
+
 # Deprecations
 class FigureFactory(object):
     @staticmethod

Diff for: plotly/utils.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 from _plotly_utils.utils import *
 from _plotly_utils.data_utils import *
 
+
 # Pretty printing
 def _list_repr_elided(v, threshold=200, edgeitems=3, indent=0, width=80):
     """

Diff for: pyproject.toml

@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 express = ["numpy"]
+dev = [
+    "black==25.1.0"
+]
 
 [tool.setuptools.packages.find]
 where = ["."]
@@ -61,7 +64,7 @@ plotly = [
 
 [tool.black]
 line-length = 88
-target_version = ['py36', 'py37', 'py38', 'py39']
+target_version = ['py38', 'py39', 'py310', 'py311', 'py312']
 include = '\.pyi?$'
 exclude = '''
 

Diff for: tests/test_core/test_graph_objs/test_annotations.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 A module intended for use with Nose.
 
 """
+
 from unittest import skip
 
 from plotly.exceptions import (

Diff for: tests/test_core/test_graph_objs/test_data.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 A module intended for use with Nose.
 
 """
+
 from unittest import skip
 
 

Diff for: tests/test_core/test_graph_objs/test_error_bars.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 A module intended for use with Nose.
 
 """
+
 from plotly.graph_objs import ErrorX, ErrorY
 from plotly.exceptions import PlotlyDictKeyError
 

Diff for: tests/test_core/test_graph_objs/test_scatter.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 A module intended for use with Nose.
 
 """
+
 from plotly.graph_objs import Scatter
 from plotly.exceptions import PlotlyError
 

Diff for: tests/test_core/test_graph_objs/test_template.py

@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ def setUp(self):
                     go.Bar(marker={"opacity": 0.7}),
                     go.Bar(marker={"opacity": 0.4}),
                 ],
-                "parcoords": [go.Parcoords(dimensiondefaults={"multiselect": True})]
+                "parcoords": [go.Parcoords(dimensiondefaults={"multiselect": True})],
                 # no 'scattergl'
             },
         )

Diff for: tests/test_core/test_offline/test_offline.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 test__offline
 
 """
+
 import json
 import os
 from unittest import TestCase

Diff for: tests/test_io/test_html.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     import mock
     from mock import MagicMock
 
+
 # fixtures
 # --------
 @pytest.fixture

Diff for: tests/test_optional/test_offline/test_offline.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 test__offline
 
 """
+
 import re
 
 from unittest import TestCase

Diff for: tests/test_optional/test_utils/test_utils.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 Module to test plotly.utils with optional dependencies.
 
 """
+
 import datetime
 import math
 import decimal

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_boolean_validator.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 from _plotly_utils.basevalidators import BooleanValidator
 from ...test_optional.test_utils.test_utils import np_nan
 
+
 # Boolean Validator
 # =================
 # ### Fixtures ###

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_colorscale_validator.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import inspect
 import itertools
 
+
 # Fixtures
 # --------
 @pytest.fixture()

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_dataarray_validator.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
 
+
 # Fixtures
 # --------
 @pytest.fixture()

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_enumerated_validator.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 from _plotly_utils.basevalidators import EnumeratedValidator
 from ...test_optional.test_utils.test_utils import np_inf
 
+
 # Fixtures
 # --------
 @pytest.fixture()

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_flaglist_validator.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 EXTRAS = ["none", "all", True, False, 3]
 FLAGS = ["lines", "markers", "text"]
 
+
 # Fixtures
 # --------
 @pytest.fixture(params=[None, EXTRAS])

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_integer_validator.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 import pandas as pd
 from ...test_optional.test_utils.test_utils import np_nan, np_inf
 
+
 # ### Fixtures ###
 @pytest.fixture()
 def validator():

Diff for: tests/test_plotly_utils/validators/test_number_validator.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import pandas as pd
 from ...test_optional.test_utils.test_utils import np_nan, np_inf
 
+
 # Fixtures
 # --------
 @pytest.fixture