diff --git a/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.2.rst b/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.2.rst
index d0f8951ac07ad..9e1a883d47cf8 100644
--- a/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.2.rst
+++ b/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.2.rst
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ Bug fixes
 - :meth:`DataFrame.__dataframe__` was producing incorrect data buffers when the column's type was nullable boolean (:issue:`55332`)
 - :meth:`DataFrame.__dataframe__` was showing bytemask instead of bitmask for ``'string[pyarrow]'`` validity buffer (:issue:`57762`)
 - :meth:`DataFrame.__dataframe__` was showing non-null validity buffer (instead of ``None``) ``'string[pyarrow]'`` without missing values (:issue:`57761`)
+- :meth:`DataFrame.to_sql` was failing to find the right table when using the schema argument (:issue:`57539`)
 
 .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 .. _whatsnew_222.other:
diff --git a/pandas/io/sql.py b/pandas/io/sql.py
index 195a7c5040853..3e17175167f25 100644
--- a/pandas/io/sql.py
+++ b/pandas/io/sql.py
@@ -2400,7 +2400,9 @@ def to_sql(
             raise ValueError("datatypes not supported") from exc
 
         with self.con.cursor() as cur:
-            total_inserted = cur.adbc_ingest(table_name, tbl, mode=mode)
+            total_inserted = cur.adbc_ingest(
+                table_name=name, data=tbl, mode=mode, db_schema_name=schema
+            )
 
         self.con.commit()
         return total_inserted
diff --git a/pandas/tests/io/test_sql.py b/pandas/tests/io/test_sql.py
index 791b6da3deeca..4f1f965f26aa9 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/io/test_sql.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/io/test_sql.py
@@ -1373,6 +1373,30 @@ def insert_on_conflict(table, conn, keys, data_iter):
         pandasSQL.drop_table("test_insert_conflict")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("conn", all_connectable)
+def test_to_sql_on_public_schema(conn, request):
+    if "sqlite" in conn or "mysql" in conn:
+        request.applymarker(
+            pytest.mark.xfail(
+                reason="test for public schema only specific to postgresql"
+            )
+        )
+
+    conn = request.getfixturevalue(conn)
+
+    test_data = DataFrame([[1, 2.1, "a"], [2, 3.1, "b"]], columns=list("abc"))
+    test_data.to_sql(
+        name="test_public_schema",
+        con=conn,
+        if_exists="append",
+        index=False,
+        schema="public",
+    )
+
+    df_out = sql.read_sql_table("test_public_schema", conn, schema="public")
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(test_data, df_out)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("conn", mysql_connectable)
 def test_insertion_method_on_conflict_update(conn, request):
     # GH 14553: Example in to_sql docstring