diff --git a/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.1.2.rst b/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.1.2.rst
index 60b628c5d658c..93c3c5114c282 100644
--- a/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.1.2.rst
+++ b/doc/source/whatsnew/v2.1.2.rst
@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@ Bug fixes
 ~~~~~~~~~
 - Fixed bug in :meth:`Categorical.equals` if other has arrow backed string dtype (:issue:`55364`)
 - Fixed bug in :meth:`DataFrame.idxmin` and :meth:`DataFrame.idxmax` raising for arrow dtypes (:issue:`55368`)
+- Fixed bug in :meth:`DataFrame.interpolate` raising incorrect error message (:issue:`55347`)
 - Fixed bug in :meth:`Index.insert` raising when inserting ``None`` into :class:`Index` with ``dtype="string[pyarrow_numpy]"`` (:issue:`55365`)
 - Silence ``Period[B]`` warnings introduced by :issue:`53446` during normal plotting activity (:issue:`55138`)
+-
 
 .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 .. _whatsnew_212.other:
diff --git a/pandas/core/arrays/base.py b/pandas/core/arrays/base.py
index a21253db59323..bfd6ae361e1e8 100644
--- a/pandas/core/arrays/base.py
+++ b/pandas/core/arrays/base.py
@@ -889,7 +889,6 @@ def interpolate(
         limit,
         limit_direction,
         limit_area,
-        fill_value,
         copy: bool,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> Self:
diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_interpolate.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_interpolate.py
index 291a79815a81c..67aa07dd83764 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_interpolate.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_interpolate.py
@@ -497,3 +497,9 @@ def test_interpolate_empty_df(self):
         result = df.interpolate(inplace=True)
         assert result is None
         tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected)
+
+    def test_interpolate_ea_raise(self):
+        # GH#55347
+        df = DataFrame({"a": [1, None, 2]}, dtype="Int64")
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="does not implement"):
+            df.interpolate()