diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
index 3bcc26e85e347..49cc892aa00d7 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
@@ -1403,3 +1403,16 @@ def test_replace_with_duplicate_columns(self, replacement):
         result["B"] = result["B"].replace(7, replacement)
 
         tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    @pytest.mark.xfail(
+        reason="replace() changes dtype from period to object, see GH34871", strict=True
+    )
+    def test_replace_period_ignore_float(self):
+        """
+        Regression test for GH#34871: if df.replace(1.0, 0.0) is called on a df
+        with a Period column the old, faulty behavior is to raise TypeError.
+        """
+        df = pd.DataFrame({"Per": [pd.Period("2020-01")] * 3})
+        result = df.replace(1.0, 0.0)
+        expected = pd.DataFrame({"Per": [pd.Period("2020-01")] * 3})
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, result)