diff --git a/pandas/core/ops.py b/pandas/core/ops.py
index 10418ccbb1f64..ddd82de2da5fc 100644
--- a/pandas/core/ops.py
+++ b/pandas/core/ops.py
@@ -1228,8 +1228,8 @@ def wrapper(left, right):
                             "{op}".format(typ=type(left).__name__, op=str_rep))
 
         elif (is_extension_array_dtype(left) or
-                is_extension_array_dtype(right)):
-            # TODO: should this include `not is_scalar(right)`?
+                (is_extension_array_dtype(right) and not is_scalar(right))):
+            # GH#22378 disallow scalar to exclude e.g. "category", "Int64"
             return dispatch_to_extension_op(op, left, right)
 
         elif is_datetime64_dtype(left) or is_datetime64tz_dtype(left):
diff --git a/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_object.py b/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_object.py
index c02c3becbd556..2c1cc83c09f88 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_object.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/arithmetic/test_object.py
@@ -73,6 +73,22 @@ def test_more_na_comparisons(self, dtype):
 
 class TestArithmetic(object):
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("op", [operator.add, ops.radd])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("other", ["category", "Int64"])
+    def test_add_extension_scalar(self, other, box, op):
+        # GH#22378
+        # Check that scalars satisfying is_extension_array_dtype(obj)
+        # do not incorrectly try to dispatch to an ExtensionArray operation
+
+        arr = pd.Series(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+        expected = pd.Series([op(x, other) for x in arr])
+
+        arr = tm.box_expected(arr, box)
+        expected = tm.box_expected(expected, box)
+
+        result = op(arr, other)
+        tm.assert_equal(result, expected)
+
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('box', [
         pytest.param(pd.Index,
                      marks=pytest.mark.xfail(reason="Does not mask nulls",