BUG: Series.str.replace hangs indefinitely

[rohanjain101]

Pandas version checks

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• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

s = pd.Series(["abc"], dtype=pd.ArrowDtype(pa.string()))
s.str.replace("", "", -3, True)

Issue Description

The call above hangs indefinitely

Expected Behavior

I would expect it to match behavior of below:

s = pd.Series(["abc"], dtype=pd.StringDtype())
s.str.replace("", "", -3, True)
0 abc
dtype: string

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : a60ad39
python : 3.11.4.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Windows
OS-release : 10
Version : 10.0.22631
machine : AMD64
processor : Intel64 Family 6 Model 151 Stepping 2, GenuineIntel
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : None
LOCALE : English_United States.1252

pandas : 2.1.2
numpy : 1.26.2
pytz : 2023.3.post1
dateutil : 2.8.2
setuptools : 68.2.2
pip : 23.3.1
Cython : None
pytest : 7.0.1
hypothesis : None
sphinx : 4.2.0
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : None
lxml.etree : None
html5lib : None
pymysql : None
psycopg2 : None
jinja2 : 3.1.2
IPython : 8.18.1
pandas_datareader : None
bs4 : 4.12.2
bottleneck : None
dataframe-api-compat: None
fastparquet : None
fsspec : None
gcsfs : None
matplotlib : None
numba : None
numexpr : None
odfpy : None
openpyxl : None
pandas_gbq : None
pyarrow : 14.0.0
pyreadstat : None
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : None
sqlalchemy : None
tables : None
tabulate : 0.9.0
xarray : None
xlrd : None
zstandard : None
tzdata : 2023.3
qtpy : None
pyqt5 : None

[rohanjain101]

Seems like an upstream issue: apache/arrow#39149

Looks like there may be an issue when max_replacements, when calling pc.replace, should there be a check if n == -1, in that case, pass None instead of a negative value? That should resolve this issue.

[rohanjain101]

From the arrow docs: https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/generated/pyarrow.compute.replace_substring_regex.html

It's not clear if max_replacements is supported as a negative value, the arrow docs say to pass None for unlimited replacements, which is what the linked PR should do.