BUG: pd.query odd behavior while working with dropped NA boolean Series

[Syndorik]

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Reproducible Example

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame(data={"a" : [True, False, None]})

# Throws keyerror
df.dropna().query("not a")

# Doesn't throw keyerror
df.dropna().query("a")

df.dropna().assign(a = lambda df: df.a.astype(bool)).query("not a")

Issue Description

The pd.DataFrame.query function works weirdly based on this example. I'm trying to use more method chaining in pandas, and when I tried what is shown in the example I've come up with the behavior (explained in the example).

It seems that if a column is not considered as bool first, the .query("not column") throws a KeyError, while .query("column") doesn't

Expected Behavior

I am unsure that this is a bug, or this behavior is exepcted.

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : bb1f651
python : 3.9.10.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Linux
OS-release : 5.4.0-1063-aws
Version : #66~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jan 13 19:45:37 UTC 2022
machine : x86_64
processor : x86_64
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : C.UTF-8
LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8

pandas : 1.4.0
numpy : 1.22.2
pytz : 2021.3
dateutil : 2.8.2
pip : 22.0.3
setuptools : 59.8.0
Cython : None
pytest : None
hypothesis : None
sphinx : None
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : None
lxml.etree : None
html5lib : None
pymysql : 1.0.2
psycopg2 : None
jinja2 : 3.0.3
IPython : 7.31.1
pandas_datareader: None
bs4 : None
bottleneck : None
fastparquet : None
fsspec : 2022.01.0
gcsfs : None
matplotlib : 3.5.1
numba : None
numexpr : None
odfpy : None
openpyxl : 3.0.9
pandas_gbq : None
pyarrow : None
pyreadstat : None
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : 1.8.0
sqlalchemy : 1.4.31
tables : None
tabulate : None
xarray : None
xlrd : 2.0.1
xlwt : None
zstandard : None
None

[jbrockmendel]

pls give the issue an informative title