BUG: Series.rename raises error on values accepted by Series constructor.

[lgmsantos]

Sample

import pandas as pd

class MyIndexer:
    pass

i1 = MyIndexer()
s = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], name=i1) # allowed
s.rename(i1) # raises error

The error stack trace is the following:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 8, in <module>
    s.rename(i1) # raises error
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pandas/core/series.py", line 3736, in rename
    return super(Series, self).rename(index=index, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pandas/core/generic.py", line 1091, in rename
    level=level)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py", line 171, in rename_axis
    obj.set_axis(axis, _transform_index(self.axes[axis], mapper, level))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py", line 2004, in _transform_index
    items = [func(x) for x in index]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py", line 2004, in <listcomp>
    items = [func(x) for x in index]
TypeError: 'MyIndexer' object is not callable

Description

Series.rename handle anything that isn't a scalar or list-like as a mapping.

Proposed change

Change the following code (from Series.rename):

non_mapping = is_scalar(index) or (is_list_like(index) and not is_dict_like(index))
if non_mapping:
    return self._set_name(index, inplace=kwargs.get("inplace"))
return super().rename(index=index, **kwargs)

to

if callable(index) or is_dict_like(index):
    return super().rename(index=index, **kwargs)
else:
    return self._set_name(index, inplace=kwargs.get("inplace"))

so anything that isn't a dict or a callable will be treated the same way as a scalar or list-like.

Output of pd.show_versions()

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit: None
python: 3.6.8.final.0
python-bits: 64
OS: Linux
OS-release: 4.15.0-55-generic
machine: x86_64
processor: x86_64
byteorder: little
LC_ALL: None
LANG: en_US.UTF-8
LOCALE: pt_BR.UTF-8

pandas: 0.24.2
pytest: 3.6.0
pip: 19.1.1
setuptools: 41.0.0
Cython: 0.26.1
numpy: 1.16.4
scipy: 1.3.0
pyarrow: None
xarray: None
IPython: 6.4.0
sphinx: None
patsy: 0.5.1
dateutil: 2.7.3
pytz: 2018.4
blosc: None
bottleneck: None
tables: None
numexpr: None
feather: None
matplotlib: 3.1.1
openpyxl: None
xlrd: None
xlwt: None
xlsxwriter: None
lxml.etree: 4.2.1
bs4: 4.6.0
html5lib: 0.999999999
sqlalchemy: None
pymysql: None
psycopg2: None
jinja2: 2.10
s3fs: None
fastparquet: None
pandas_gbq: None
pandas_datareader: None
gcsfs: None