TST: Check error raised when inserting wrong length categorical column (#29523)

Author: ryankarlos

pandas/tests/frame/test_indexing.py

@@ -3881,3 +3881,11 @@ def test_loc_indexing_preserves_index_category_dtype(self):
 
         result = df.loc[["a"]].index.levels[0]
         tm.assert_index_equal(result, expected)
+
+    def test_wrong_length_cat_dtype_raises(self):
+        # GH29523
+        cat = pd.Categorical.from_codes([0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2], ["a", "b", "c"])
+        df = pd.DataFrame({"bar": range(10)})
+        err = "Length of values does not match length of index"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=err):
+            df["foo"] = cat