Backport PR #44204: CI: Python Dev build (#44208)

Co-authored-by: Ali McMaster <[email protected]>

Author: meeseeksmachine

.github/workflows/python-dev.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ env:
   PANDAS_CI: 1
   PATTERN: "not slow and not network and not clipboard"
   COVERAGE: true
-  PYTEST_TARGET:  pandas
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -26,12 +25,13 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, macOS-latest, windows-latest]
+        pytest_target: ["pandas/tests/[a-h]*", "pandas/tests/[i-z]*"]
 
     name: actions-310-dev
-    timeout-minutes: 60
+    timeout-minutes: 80
 
     concurrency:
-      group: ${{ github.ref }}-${{ matrix.os }}-dev
+      group: ${{ github.ref }}-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.pytest_target }}-dev
       cancel-in-progress: ${{github.event_name == 'pull_request'}}
 
     steps:
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ jobs:
         python -c "import pandas; pandas.show_versions();"
 
     - name: Test with pytest
+      env:
+          PYTEST_TARGET: ${{ matrix.pytest_target }}
       shell: bash
       run: |
         ci/run_tests.sh