updated the code in accordance with GH24845

Author: GivyBoy

pandas/core/indexes/category.py

@@ -569,14 +569,40 @@ def map(self, mapper):
         mapped = self._values.map(mapper)
         return Index(mapped, name=self.name)
 
+    def _permutation_check(self, to_concat) -> bool:
+        # GH40378 - we have to check if they are permutations.
+        # If they are, we have to create a fix, in order to
+        # prevent the error discussed in the named issue
+        permutations = True
+        category1 = CategoricalIndex(
+            [],
+            categories=to_concat[0]._is_dtype_compat(to_concat[0]).categories,
+            ordered=False,
+        )
+        for i in to_concat[1:]:
+            category2 = CategoricalIndex(
+                [], categories=i._is_dtype_compat(i).categories, ordered=False
+            )
+            if not category1.equals(category2):
+                permutations = False
+        return permutations
+
     def _concat(self, to_concat: list[Index], name: Hashable) -> Index:
         # if calling index is category, don't check dtype of others
 
-        try:
+        cat_index = True
 
-            result = Categorical._concat_same_type(list(to_concat))
+        for i in to_concat:
+            if not isinstance(i, CategoricalIndex):
+                cat_index = False
+                break
 
-            return CategoricalIndex(result, name=name)
+        try:
+            if cat_index:
+                if self._permutation_check(to_concat):
+                    raise TypeError
+
+            codes = np.concatenate([self._is_dtype_compat(c).codes for c in to_concat])
 
         except TypeError:
             # not all to_concat elements are among our categories (or NA)
@@ -585,3 +611,7 @@ def _concat(self, to_concat: list[Index], name: Hashable) -> Index:
             res = concat_compat([x._values for x in to_concat])
 
             return Index(res, name=name)
+        else:
+
+            cat = self._data._from_backing_data(codes)
+            return type(self)._simple_new(cat, name=name)