Implement the rules for RFC 599, and add various tests.

Fixes rust-lang#22211.

Author: nikomatsakis

src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs

@@ -438,23 +438,25 @@ fn convert_angle_bracketed_parameters<'tcx>(this: &AstConv<'tcx>,
 {
     let regions: Vec<_> =
         data.lifetimes.iter()
-        .map(|l| ast_region_to_region(this.tcx(), l))
-        .collect();
+                      .map(|l| ast_region_to_region(this.tcx(), l))
+                      .collect();
 
     let region_substs =
         create_region_substs(this, rscope, span, decl_generics, regions);
 
     let types: Vec<_> =
         data.types.iter()
-        .map(|t| ast_ty_to_ty(this, rscope, &**t))
-        .collect();
+                  .enumerate()
+                  .map(|(i,t)| ast_ty_arg_to_ty(this, rscope, decl_generics,
+                                                i, &region_substs, t))
+                  .collect();
 
     let assoc_bindings: Vec<_> =
         data.bindings.iter()
-        .map(|b| ConvertedBinding { item_name: b.ident.name,
-                                    ty: ast_ty_to_ty(this, rscope, &*b.ty),
-                                    span: b.span })
-        .collect();
+                     .map(|b| ConvertedBinding { item_name: b.ident.name,
+                                                 ty: ast_ty_to_ty(this, rscope, &*b.ty),
+                                                 span: b.span })
+                     .collect();
 
     (region_substs, types, assoc_bindings)
 }
@@ -525,9 +527,11 @@ fn convert_parenthesized_parameters<'tcx>(this: &AstConv<'tcx>,
         create_region_substs(this, rscope, span, decl_generics, Vec::new());
 
     let binding_rscope = BindingRscope::new();
-    let inputs = data.inputs.iter()
-                            .map(|a_t| ast_ty_to_ty(this, &binding_rscope, &**a_t))
-                            .collect::<Vec<Ty<'tcx>>>();
+    let inputs =
+        data.inputs.iter()
+                   .map(|a_t| ast_ty_arg_to_ty(this, &binding_rscope, decl_generics,
+                                               0, &region_substs, a_t))
+                   .collect::<Vec<Ty<'tcx>>>();
 
     let input_params: Vec<_> = repeat(String::new()).take(inputs.len()).collect();
     let (implied_output_region,
@@ -655,7 +659,7 @@ fn ast_path_to_trait_ref<'a,'tcx>(
 
     let (regions, types, assoc_bindings) = match path.segments.last().unwrap().parameters {
         ast::AngleBracketedParameters(ref data) => {
-            // For now, require that parenthetical5D notation be used
+            // For now, require that parenthetical notation be used
             // only with `Fn()` etc.
             if !this.tcx().sess.features.borrow().unboxed_closures && trait_def.paren_sugar {
                 span_err!(this.tcx().sess, path.span, E0215,
@@ -1070,10 +1074,45 @@ fn qpath_to_ty<'tcx>(this: &AstConv<'tcx>,
                              qpath.item_path.identifier.name);
 }
 
-// Parses the programmer's textual representation of a type into our
-// internal notion of a type.
-pub fn ast_ty_to_ty<'tcx>(
-        this: &AstConv<'tcx>, rscope: &RegionScope, ast_ty: &ast::Ty) -> Ty<'tcx>
+/// Convert a type supplied as value for a type argument from AST into our
+/// our internal representation. This is the same as `ast_ty_to_ty` but that
+/// it applies the object lifetime default.
+///
+/// # Parameters
+///
+/// * `this`, `rscope`: the surrounding context
+/// * `decl_generics`: the generics of the struct/enum/trait declaration being
+///   referenced
+/// * `index`: the index of the type parameter being instantiated from the list
+///   (we assume it is in the `TypeSpace`)
+/// * `region_substs`: a partial substitution consisting of
+///   only the region type parameters being supplied to this type.
+/// * `ast_ty`: the ast representation of the type being supplied
+pub fn ast_ty_arg_to_ty<'tcx>(this: &AstConv<'tcx>,
+                              rscope: &RegionScope,
+                              decl_generics: &ty::Generics<'tcx>,
+                              index: usize,
+                              region_substs: &Substs<'tcx>,
+                              ast_ty: &ast::Ty)
+                              -> Ty<'tcx>
+{
+    let tcx = this.tcx();
+
+    if let Some(def) = decl_generics.types.opt_get(TypeSpace, index) {
+        let object_lifetime_default = def.object_lifetime_default.subst(tcx, region_substs);
+        let rscope1 = &ObjectLifetimeDefaultRscope::new(rscope, object_lifetime_default);
+        ast_ty_to_ty(this, rscope1, ast_ty)
+    } else {
+        ast_ty_to_ty(this, rscope, ast_ty)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Parses the programmer's textual representation of a type into our
+/// internal notion of a type.
+pub fn ast_ty_to_ty<'tcx>(this: &AstConv<'tcx>,
+                          rscope: &RegionScope,
+                          ast_ty: &ast::Ty)
+                          -> Ty<'tcx>
 {
     debug!("ast_ty_to_ty(ast_ty={})",
            ast_ty.repr(this.tcx()));

src/test/compile-fail/issue-11374.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use std::old_io;
 use std::vec;
 
 pub struct Container<'a> {
-    reader: &'a mut Reader //~ ERROR explicit lifetime bound required
+    reader: &'a mut Reader
 }
 
 impl<'a> Container<'a> {
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ pub fn for_stdin<'a>() -> Container<'a> {
 fn main() {
     let mut c = for_stdin();
     let mut v = Vec::new();
-    c.read_to(v);
+    c.read_to(v); //~ ERROR mismatched types
 }

src/test/compile-fail/issue-5216.rs

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 // except according to those terms.
 
 fn f() { }
-struct S(Box<FnMut()>); //~ ERROR explicit lifetime bound required
-pub static C: S = S(f);
+struct S(Box<FnMut()>);
+pub static C: S = S(f); //~ ERROR mismatched types
 
 
 fn g() { }
-type T = Box<FnMut()>;  //~ ERROR explicit lifetime bound required
-pub static D: T = g;
+type T = Box<FnMut()>;
+pub static D: T = g; //~ ERROR mismatched types
 
 fn main() {}

src/test/compile-fail/object-lifetime-default-ambiguous.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+// Test that if a struct declares multiple region bounds for a given
+// type parameter, an explicit lifetime bound is required on object
+// lifetimes within.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+trait Test {
+    fn foo(&self) { }
+}
+
+struct Ref0<T:?Sized> {
+    r: *mut T
+}
+
+struct Ref1<'a,T:'a+?Sized> {
+    r: &'a T
+}
+
+struct Ref2<'a,'b:'a,T:'a+'b+?Sized> {
+    r: &'a &'b T
+}
+
+fn a<'a,'b>(t: Ref2<'a,'b,Test>) {
+    //~^ ERROR lifetime bound for this object type cannot be deduced from context
+}
+
+fn b(t: Ref2<Test>) {
+    //~^ ERROR lifetime bound for this object type cannot be deduced from context
+}
+
+fn c(t: Ref2<&Test>) {
+    // In this case, the &'a overrides.
+}
+
+fn d(t: Ref2<Ref1<Test>>) {
+    // In this case, the lifetime parameter from the Ref1 overrides.
+}
+
+fn e(t: Ref2<Ref0<Test>>) {
+    //~^ ERROR lifetime bound for this object type cannot be deduced from context
+    //
+    // In this case, Ref0 just inherits.
+}
+
+fn f(t: &Ref2<Test>) {
+    //~^ ERROR lifetime bound for this object type cannot be deduced from context
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

src/test/compile-fail/object-lifetime-default-elision.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+// Test various cases where the old rules under lifetime elision
+// yield slightly different results than the new rules.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+trait SomeTrait {
+    fn dummy(&self) { }
+}
+
+struct SomeStruct<'a> {
+    r: Box<SomeTrait+'a>
+}
+
+fn deref<T>(ss: &T) -> T {
+    // produces the type of a deref without worrying about whether a
+    // move out would actually be legal
+    loop { }
+}
+
+fn load0<'a>(ss: &'a Box<SomeTrait>) -> Box<SomeTrait> {
+    // Under old rules, the fully elaborated types of input/output were:
+    //
+    // for<'a,'b> fn(&'a Box<SomeTrait+'b>) -> Box<SomeTrait+'a>
+    //
+    // Under new rules the result is:
+    //
+    // for<'a> fn(&'a Box<SomeTrait+'a>) -> Box<SomeTrait+'static>
+    //
+    // Therefore, we get a type error attempting to return `deref(ss)`
+    // since `SomeTrait+'a <: SomeTrait+'static` does not hold.
+
+    deref(ss)
+        //~^ ERROR cannot infer
+}
+
+fn load1(ss: &SomeTrait) -> &SomeTrait {
+    // Under old rules, the fully elaborated types of input/output were:
+    //
+    // for<'a,'b> fn(&'a (SomeTrait+'b)) -> &'a (SomeTrait+'a)
+    //
+    // Under new rules the result is:
+    //
+    // for<'a> fn(&'a (SomeTrait+'a)) -> &'a (SomeTrait+'a)
+    //
+    // In both cases, returning `ss` is legal.
+
+    ss
+}
+
+fn load2<'a>(ss: &'a SomeTrait) -> &SomeTrait {
+    // Same as `load1` but with an explicit name thrown in for fun.
+
+    ss
+}
+
+fn load3<'a,'b>(ss: &'a SomeTrait) -> &'b SomeTrait {
+    // Under old rules, the fully elaborated types of input/output were:
+    //
+    // for<'a,'b,'c>fn(&'a (SomeTrait+'c)) -> &'b (SomeTrait+'a)
+    //
+    // Based on the input/output types, the compiler could infer that
+    //     'c : 'a
+    //     'b : 'a
+    // must hold, and therefore it permitted `&'a (Sometrait+'c)` to be
+    // coerced to `&'b (SomeTrait+'a)`.
+    //
+    // Under the newer defaults, though, we get:
+    //
+    // for<'a,'b> fn(&'a (SomeTrait+'a)) -> &'b (SomeTrait+'b)
+    //
+    // which fails to type check.
+
+    ss
+        //~^ ERROR cannot infer
+        //~| ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

src/test/compile-fail/object-lifetime-default-from-box-error.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+// Test various cases where the defaults should lead to errors being
+// reported.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+trait SomeTrait {
+    fn dummy(&self) { }
+}
+
+struct SomeStruct<'a> {
+    r: Box<SomeTrait+'a>
+}
+
+fn load(ss: &mut SomeStruct) -> Box<SomeTrait> {
+    // `Box<SomeTrait>` defaults to a `'static` bound, so this return
+    // is illegal.
+
+    ss.r //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn store(ss: &mut SomeStruct, b: Box<SomeTrait>) {
+    // No error: b is bounded by 'static which outlives the
+    // (anonymous) lifetime on the struct.
+
+    ss.r = b;
+}
+
+fn store1<'b>(ss: &mut SomeStruct, b: Box<SomeTrait+'b>) {
+    // Here we override the lifetimes explicitly, and so naturally we get an error.
+
+    ss.r = b; //~ ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

src/test/compile-fail/object-lifetime-default-mybox.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+// Test a "pass-through" object-lifetime-default that produces errors.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+trait SomeTrait {
+    fn dummy(&self) { }
+}
+
+struct MyBox<T:?Sized> {
+    r: Box<T>
+}
+
+fn deref<T>(ss: &T) -> T {
+    // produces the type of a deref without worrying about whether a
+    // move out would actually be legal
+    loop { }
+}
+
+fn load0(ss: &MyBox<SomeTrait>) -> MyBox<SomeTrait> {
+    deref(ss) //~ ERROR cannot infer
+}
+
+fn load1<'a,'b>(a: &'a MyBox<SomeTrait>,
+                b: &'b MyBox<SomeTrait>)
+                -> &'b MyBox<SomeTrait>
+{
+    a
+      //~^ ERROR cannot infer
+      //~| ERROR mismatched types
+      //~| ERROR mismatched types
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

src/test/compile-fail/region-bounds-on-objects-and-type-parameters.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ struct Foo<'a,'b,'c> {
     c: Box<Is<'a>>,
     d: Box<IsSend>,
     e: Box<Is<'a>+Send>, // we can derive two bounds, but one is 'static, so ok
-    f: Box<SomeTrait>, //~ ERROR explicit lifetime bound required
+    f: Box<SomeTrait>,   // OK, defaults to 'static due to RFC 599.
     g: Box<SomeTrait+'a>,
 
     z: Box<Is<'a>+'b+'c>, //~ ERROR only a single explicit lifetime bound is permitted