Cherry-pick #51704 to release 4.9 (#51712)

* Manual port of #51704

* Add a testcase

Author: RyanCavanaugh

Diff for: src/compiler/checker.ts

@@ -32707,13 +32707,13 @@ namespace ts {
 
         function checkSatisfiesExpression(node: SatisfiesExpression) {
             checkSourceElement(node.type);
+            const exprType = checkExpression(node.expression);
 
             const targetType = getTypeFromTypeNode(node.type);
             if (isErrorType(targetType)) {
                 return targetType;
             }
 
-            const exprType = checkExpression(node.expression);
             checkTypeAssignableToAndOptionallyElaborate(exprType, targetType, node.type, node.expression, Diagnostics.Type_0_does_not_satisfy_the_expected_type_1);
 
             return exprType;

Diff for: tests/baselines/reference/satisfiesEmit.errors.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+tests/cases/compiler/satisfiesEmit.ts(2,20): error TS2307: Cannot find module 'foo' or its corresponding type declarations.
+tests/cases/compiler/satisfiesEmit.ts(3,23): error TS2304: Cannot find name 'bleh'.
+
+
+==== tests/cases/compiler/satisfiesEmit.ts (2 errors) ====
+    // This import should not be elided in the emitted JS
+    import a = require("foo");
+                       ~~~~~
+!!! error TS2307: Cannot find module 'foo' or its corresponding type declarations.
+    const p = a satisfies bleh;
+                          ~~~~
+!!! error TS2304: Cannot find name 'bleh'.
+    

Diff for: tests/baselines/reference/satisfiesEmit.js

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//// [satisfiesEmit.ts]
+// This import should not be elided in the emitted JS
+import a = require("foo");
+const p = a satisfies bleh;
+
+
+//// [satisfiesEmit.js]
+"use strict";
+exports.__esModule = true;
+// This import should not be elided in the emitted JS
+var a = require("foo");
+var p = a;

Diff for: tests/baselines/reference/satisfiesEmit.symbols

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/satisfiesEmit.ts ===
+// This import should not be elided in the emitted JS
+import a = require("foo");
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(satisfiesEmit.ts, 0, 0))
+
+const p = a satisfies bleh;
+>p : Symbol(p, Decl(satisfiesEmit.ts, 2, 5))
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(satisfiesEmit.ts, 0, 0))
+>bleh : Symbol(bleh)
+

Diff for: tests/baselines/reference/satisfiesEmit.types

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/satisfiesEmit.ts ===
+// This import should not be elided in the emitted JS
+import a = require("foo");
+>a : any
+
+const p = a satisfies bleh;
+>p : bleh
+>a satisfies bleh : bleh
+>a : any
+

Diff for: tests/cases/compiler/satisfiesEmit.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// This import should not be elided in the emitted JS
+import a = require("foo");
+const p = a satisfies bleh;