Clean up and complete <new> header

This makes this header complete up to including C++14, except two
exception classes that cannot be defined without `<exception>`.

The functions related to the "new_handler" are declared but not actually
defined, to prevent overhead and complexity. They are still declared to
allow implementing them in user code if needed.

This makes the implementation of all operator new and delete functions
comply with the C++11/C++14 specification in terms of which should be
actually implemented and which should be delegate to other functions.

There are still some areas where these implementations are not entirely
standards-compliant, which will be fixed in subsequent commits.

This fixes part of arduino#287 and fixes arduino#47.

Author: matthijskooijman

Diff for: cores/arduino/new.cpp

@@ -16,26 +16,59 @@
   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "new.h"
 
-void *operator new(size_t size) {
+void * operator new(size_t size) {
   return malloc(size);
 }
+void * operator new[](size_t size) {
+  return operator new(size);
+}
 
-void *operator new[](size_t size) {
-  return malloc(size);
+void * operator new(size_t size, const std::nothrow_t tag) noexcept {
+  return operator new(size);
+}
+void * operator new[](size_t size, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept {
+  return operator new[](size);
 }
 
-void * operator new(size_t size, void * ptr) noexcept {
-  (void)size;
-  return ptr;
+void * operator new(size_t size, void *place) noexcept {
+  // Nothing to do
+  (void)size; // unused
+  return place;
+}
+void * operator new[](size_t size, void *place) noexcept {
+  return operator new(size, place);
 }
 
-void operator delete(void * ptr) {
+void operator delete(void * ptr) noexcept {
   free(ptr);
 }
+void operator delete[](void * ptr) noexcept {
+  operator delete(ptr);
+}
 
-void operator delete[](void * ptr) {
-  free(ptr);
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+void operator delete(void* ptr, size_t size) noexcept {
+  operator delete(ptr);
+}
+void operator delete[](void * ptr, size_t size) noexcept {
+  operator delete[](ptr);
+}
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 201402L
+
+void operator delete(void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept {
+  operator delete(ptr);
+}
+void operator delete[](void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept {
+  operator delete[](ptr);
 }
 
+void operator delete(void* ptr, void* place) noexcept {
+  (void)ptr; (void)place; // unused
+  // Nothing to do
+}
+void operator delete[](void* ptr, void* place) noexcept {
+  (void)ptr; (void)place; // unused
+  // Nothing to do
+}

Diff for: cores/arduino/new.h

@@ -21,11 +21,40 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
+namespace std {
+  struct nothrow_t {};
+  extern const nothrow_t nothrow;
+
+  // These are not actually implemented, to prevent overhead and
+  // complexity. They are still declared to allow implementing
+  // them in user code if needed.
+  typedef void (*new_handler)();
+  new_handler set_new_handler(new_handler new_p) noexcept;
+  new_handler get_new_handler() noexcept;
+} // namespace std
+
 void * operator new(size_t size);
 void * operator new[](size_t size);
-void * operator new(size_t size, void * ptr) noexcept;
-void operator delete(void * ptr);
-void operator delete[](void * ptr);
+
+void * operator new(size_t size, const std::nothrow_t tag) noexcept;
+void * operator new[](size_t size, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept;
+
+void * operator new(size_t size, void *place) noexcept;
+void * operator new[](size_t size, void *place) noexcept;
+
+void operator delete(void * ptr) noexcept;
+void operator delete[](void * ptr) noexcept;
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
+void operator delete(void* ptr, size_t size) noexcept;
+void operator delete[](void * ptr, size_t size) noexcept;
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 201402L
+
+void operator delete(void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept;
+void operator delete[](void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t& tag) noexcept;
+
+void operator delete(void* ptr, void* place) noexcept;
+void operator delete[](void* ptr, void* place) noexcept;
 
 #endif