Add new lint octal_escapes

This checks for sequences in strings that would be octal character
escapes in C, but are not supported in Rust.  It suggests either
to use the `\x00` escape, or an equivalent hex escape if the octal
was intended.

Author: birkenfeld

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -3056,6 +3056,7 @@ Released 2018-09-13
 [`nonsensical_open_options`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#nonsensical_open_options
 [`nonstandard_macro_braces`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#nonstandard_macro_braces
 [`not_unsafe_ptr_arg_deref`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#not_unsafe_ptr_arg_deref
+[`octal_escapes`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#octal_escapes
 [`ok_expect`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#ok_expect
 [`op_ref`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#op_ref
 [`option_as_ref_deref`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#option_as_ref_deref

clippy_lints/src/lib.register_all.rs

@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@ store.register_group(true, "clippy::all", Some("clippy_all"), vec![
     LintId::of(non_expressive_names::JUST_UNDERSCORES_AND_DIGITS),
     LintId::of(non_octal_unix_permissions::NON_OCTAL_UNIX_PERMISSIONS),
     LintId::of(non_send_fields_in_send_ty::NON_SEND_FIELDS_IN_SEND_TY),
+    LintId::of(octal_escapes::OCTAL_ESCAPES),
     LintId::of(open_options::NONSENSICAL_OPEN_OPTIONS),
     LintId::of(option_env_unwrap::OPTION_ENV_UNWRAP),
     LintId::of(overflow_check_conditional::OVERFLOW_CHECK_CONDITIONAL),

clippy_lints/src/lib.register_lints.rs

@@ -380,6 +380,7 @@ store.register_lints(&[
     non_octal_unix_permissions::NON_OCTAL_UNIX_PERMISSIONS,
     non_send_fields_in_send_ty::NON_SEND_FIELDS_IN_SEND_TY,
     nonstandard_macro_braces::NONSTANDARD_MACRO_BRACES,
+    octal_escapes::OCTAL_ESCAPES,
     open_options::NONSENSICAL_OPEN_OPTIONS,
     option_env_unwrap::OPTION_ENV_UNWRAP,
     option_if_let_else::OPTION_IF_LET_ELSE,

clippy_lints/src/lib.register_suspicious.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ store.register_group(true, "clippy::suspicious", Some("clippy_suspicious"), vec!
     LintId::of(methods::SUSPICIOUS_MAP),
     LintId::of(mut_key::MUTABLE_KEY_TYPE),
     LintId::of(non_send_fields_in_send_ty::NON_SEND_FIELDS_IN_SEND_TY),
+    LintId::of(octal_escapes::OCTAL_ESCAPES),
     LintId::of(suspicious_trait_impl::SUSPICIOUS_ARITHMETIC_IMPL),
     LintId::of(suspicious_trait_impl::SUSPICIOUS_OP_ASSIGN_IMPL),
 ])

clippy_lints/src/lib.rs

@@ -312,6 +312,7 @@ mod non_expressive_names;
 mod non_octal_unix_permissions;
 mod non_send_fields_in_send_ty;
 mod nonstandard_macro_braces;
+mod octal_escapes;
 mod open_options;
 mod option_env_unwrap;
 mod option_if_let_else;
@@ -849,6 +850,7 @@ pub fn register_plugins(store: &mut rustc_lint::LintStore, sess: &Session, conf:
     store.register_late_pass(|| Box::new(match_str_case_mismatch::MatchStrCaseMismatch));
     store.register_late_pass(move || Box::new(format_args::FormatArgs));
     store.register_late_pass(|| Box::new(trailing_empty_array::TrailingEmptyArray));
+    store.register_early_pass(|| Box::new(octal_escapes::OctalEscapes));
     // add lints here, do not remove this comment, it's used in `new_lint`
 }
 

clippy_lints/src/octal_escapes.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+use clippy_utils::diagnostics::span_lint_and_then;
+use rustc_ast::ast::{Expr, ExprKind};
+use rustc_ast::token::{Lit, LitKind};
+use rustc_errors::Applicability;
+use rustc_lint::{EarlyContext, EarlyLintPass};
+use rustc_middle::lint::in_external_macro;
+use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
+use rustc_span::Span;
+
+declare_clippy_lint! {
+    /// ### What it does
+    /// Checks for `\0` escapes in string and byte literals that look like octal character
+    /// escapes in C
+    ///
+    /// ### Why is this bad?
+    /// Rust does not support octal notation for character escapes. `\0` is always a
+    /// null byte/character, and any following digits do not form part of the escape
+    /// sequence.
+    ///
+    /// ### Known problems
+    /// The actual meaning can be the intended one. `\x00` can be used in these
+    /// cases to be unambigious.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    /// ```rust
+    /// // Bad
+    /// let one = "\033[1m Bold? \033[0m";  // \033 intended as escape
+    /// let two = "\033\0";                 // \033 intended as null-3-3
+    ///
+    /// // Good
+    /// let one = "\x1b[1mWill this be bold?\x1b[0m";
+    /// let two = "\x0033\x00";
+    /// ```
+    #[clippy::version = "1.58.0"]
+    pub OCTAL_ESCAPES,
+    suspicious,
+    "string escape sequences looking like octal characters"
+}
+
+declare_lint_pass!(OctalEscapes => [OCTAL_ESCAPES]);
+
+impl EarlyLintPass for OctalEscapes {
+    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'tcx>, expr: &Expr) {
+        if in_external_macro(cx.sess, expr.span) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if let ExprKind::Lit(lit) = &expr.kind {
+            if matches!(lit.token.kind, LitKind::Str) {
+                check_lit(cx, &lit.token, lit.span, true);
+            } else if matches!(lit.token.kind, LitKind::ByteStr) {
+                check_lit(cx, &lit.token, lit.span, false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_lit(cx: &EarlyContext<'tcx>, lit: &Lit, span: Span, is_string: bool) {
+    let contents = lit.symbol.as_str();
+    let mut iter = contents.char_indices();
+
+    // go through the string, looking for \0[0-7]
+    while let Some((from, ch)) = iter.next() {
+        if ch == '\\' {
+            if let Some((mut to, '0')) = iter.next() {
+                // collect all further potentially octal digits
+                while let Some((j, '0'..='7')) = iter.next() {
+                    to = j + 1;
+                }
+                // if it's more than just `\0` we have a match
+                if to > from + 2 {
+                    emit(cx, &contents, from, to, span, is_string);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn emit(cx: &EarlyContext<'tcx>, contents: &str, from: usize, to: usize, span: Span, is_string: bool) {
+    // construct a replacement escape for that case that octal was intended
+    let escape = &contents[from + 1..to];
+    let literal_suggestion = if is_string {
+        u32::from_str_radix(escape, 8).ok().and_then(|n| {
+            if n < 256 {
+                Some(format!("\\x{:02x}", n))
+            } else if n <= std::char::MAX as u32 {
+                Some(format!("\\u{{{:x}}}", n))
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        })
+    } else {
+        u8::from_str_radix(escape, 8).ok().map(|n| format!("\\x{:02x}", n))
+    };
+
+    span_lint_and_then(
+        cx,
+        OCTAL_ESCAPES,
+        span,
+        &format!(
+            "octal-looking escape in {} literal",
+            if is_string { "string" } else { "byte string" }
+        ),
+        |diag| {
+            diag.help(&format!(
+                "octal escapes are not supported, `\\0` is always a null {}",
+                if is_string { "character" } else { "byte" }
+            ));
+            // suggestion 1: equivalent hex escape
+            if let Some(sugg) = literal_suggestion {
+                diag.span_suggestion(
+                    span,
+                    "if an octal escape is intended, use",
+                    format!("\"{}{}{}\"", &contents[..from], sugg, &contents[to..]),
+                    Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                );
+            }
+            // suggestion 2: unambiguous null byte
+            diag.span_suggestion(
+                span,
+                &format!(
+                    "if the null {} is intended, disambiguate using",
+                    if is_string { "character" } else { "byte" }
+                ),
+                format!("\"{}\\x00{}\"", &contents[..from], &contents[from + 2..]),
+                Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+            );
+        },
+    );
+}

tests/ui/octal_escapes.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#![warn(clippy::octal_escapes)]
+
+fn main() {
+    let _bad1 = "\033[0m";
+    let _bad2 = b"\033[0m";
+    let _bad3 = "\\\033[0m";
+    let _bad4 = "\01234567";
+    let _bad5 = "\0\03";
+
+    let _good1 = "\\033[0m";
+    let _good2 = "\0\\0";
+}

tests/ui/octal_escapes.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+error: octal-looking escape in string literal
+  --> $DIR/octal_escapes.rs:4:17
+   |
+LL |     let _bad1 = "/033[0m";
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: `-D clippy::octal-escapes` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: octal escapes are not supported, `/0` is always a null character
+help: if an octal escape is intended, use
+   |
+LL |     let _bad1 = "/x1b[0m";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~
+help: if the null character is intended, disambiguate using
+   |
+LL |     let _bad1 = "/x0033[0m";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+error: octal-looking escape in byte string literal
+  --> $DIR/octal_escapes.rs:5:17
+   |
+LL |     let _bad2 = b"/033[0m";
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: octal escapes are not supported, `/0` is always a null byte
+help: if an octal escape is intended, use
+   |
+LL |     let _bad2 = "/x1b[0m";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~
+help: if the null byte is intended, disambiguate using
+   |
+LL |     let _bad2 = "/x0033[0m";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+error: octal-looking escape in string literal
+  --> $DIR/octal_escapes.rs:6:17
+   |
+LL |     let _bad3 = "//033[0m";
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: octal escapes are not supported, `/0` is always a null character
+help: if an octal escape is intended, use
+   |
+LL |     let _bad3 = "//x1b[0m";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~~~
+help: if the null character is intended, disambiguate using
+   |
+LL |     let _bad3 = "//x0033[0m";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+error: octal-looking escape in string literal
+  --> $DIR/octal_escapes.rs:7:17
+   |
+LL |     let _bad4 = "/01234567";
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: octal escapes are not supported, `/0` is always a null character
+help: if an octal escape is intended, use
+   |
+LL |     let _bad4 = "/u{53977}";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~~~
+help: if the null character is intended, disambiguate using
+   |
+LL |     let _bad4 = "/x001234567";
+   |                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+error: aborting due to 4 previous errors
+