[LV] Allow scalable vectorization with vscale = 1

This change is a bit subtle. If we have a type like <vscale x 1 x i64>, the vectorizer will currently reject vectorization. The reason is that a type like <1 x i64> is likely to get simply rescalarized, and the vectorizer doesn't want to be in the game of simple unrolling.

(I've given the example in terms of 1 x types which use a single register, but the same issue exists for any N x types which use N registers. e.g. RISCV LMULs.)

This change distinguishes scalable types from fixed types under the reasoning that converting to a scalable type isn't unrolling. Because the actual vscale isn't known until runtime, using a vscale type is potentially very profitable.

This makes an important, but unchecked, assumption. Specifically, the scalable type is assumed to only be legal per the cost model if there's actually a scalable register class which is distinct from the scalar domain. This is, to my knowledge, true for all targets which return non-invalid costs for scalable vector ops today, but in theory, we could have a target decide to lower scalable to fixed length vector or even scalar registers. If that ever happens, we'd need to revisit this code.

In practice, this patch unblocks scalable vectorization for ELEN types on RISCV.

Let me sketch one alternate implementation I considered. We could have restricted this to when we know a minimum value for vscale. Specifically, for the default +v extension for RISCV, we actually know that vscale >= 2 for ELEN types. However, doing it this way means we can't generate scalable vectors when using the various embedded vector extensions which have a minimum vscale of 1.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D128542

Author: preames

llvm/lib/Transforms/Vectorize/LoopVectorize.cpp

@@ -6712,10 +6712,17 @@ LoopVectorizationCostModel::getInstructionCost(Instruction *I,
 
   bool TypeNotScalarized = false;
   if (VF.isVector() && VectorTy->isVectorTy()) {
-    unsigned NumParts = TTI.getNumberOfParts(VectorTy);
-    if (NumParts)
-      TypeNotScalarized = NumParts < VF.getKnownMinValue();
-    else
+    if (unsigned NumParts = TTI.getNumberOfParts(VectorTy)) {
+      if (VF.isScalable())
+        // <vscale x 1 x iN> is assumed to be profitable over iN because
+        // scalable registers are a distinct register class from scalar ones.
+        // If we ever find a target which wants to lower scalable vectors
+        // back to scalars, we'll need to update this code to explicitly
+        // ask TTI about the register class uses for each part.
+        TypeNotScalarized = NumParts <= VF.getKnownMinValue();
+      else
+        TypeNotScalarized = NumParts < VF.getKnownMinValue();
+    } else
       C = InstructionCost::getInvalid();
   }
   return VectorizationCostTy(C, TypeNotScalarized);