Rollup merge of #122883 - onur-ozkan:clippy-build-step, r=albertlarsan68

refactor clippy in bootstrap

Previously, using clippy in bootstrap was not very useful as explained in #122825. In short, regardless of the given path clippy would always check the entire compiler and std tree. This makes it impossible to run clippy on different paths with different set of rules. This PR fixes that by allowing developers to run clippy with specific rules on specific paths (e.g., we can run `x clippy compiler -Aclippy::all -Dclippy::correctness` and `x clippy library/std -Dclippy::all` and none of them will affect each other).

Resolves #122825

Author: matthiaskrgr