cores/esp8266/uart.c

/*
 uart.cpp - esp8266 UART HAL

 Copyright (c) 2014 Ivan Grokhotkov. All rights reserved.
 This file is part of the esp8266 core for Arduino environment.

 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

 This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 Lesser General Public License for more details.

 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

 */


/**
 *  UART GPIOs
 *
 * UART0 TX: 1 or 2
 * UART0 RX: 3
 *
 * UART0 SWAP TX: 15
 * UART0 SWAP RX: 13
 *
 *
 * UART1 TX: 7 (NC) or 2
 * UART1 RX: 8 (NC)
 *
 * UART1 SWAP TX: 11 (NC)
 * UART1 SWAP RX: 6 (NC)
 *
 * NC = Not Connected to Module Pads --> No Access
 *
 */
#include "Arduino.h"
#include <pgmspace.h>
#include "uart.h"
#include "esp8266_peri.h"
#include "user_interface.h"
#include "uart_register.h"

const char overrun_str [] PROGMEM STORE_ATTR = "uart input full!\r\n";
static int s_uart_debug_nr = UART0;


struct uart_rx_buffer_ 
{
    size_t size;
    size_t rpos;
    size_t wpos;
    uint8_t * buffer;
};

struct uart_ 
{
    int uart_nr;
    int baud_rate;
    bool rx_enabled;
    bool tx_enabled;
    bool overrun;
    uint8_t rx_pin;
    uint8_t tx_pin;
    struct uart_rx_buffer_ * rx_buffer;
};


/*
   In the context of the naming conventions in this file, "_unsafe" means two things:
   1. the input arguments are not checked. It is up to the caller to check argument sanity.
   2. The function body is not interrupt-safe, i.e.: the isr could fire anywhen during the
      body execution, leading to corruption of the data shared between the body and the isr
      (parts of the rx_buffer).

   The unsafe versions of the functions are private to this TU. There are "safe" versions that
   wrap the unsafe ones with disabling/enabling of the uart interrupt for safe public use.
*/


inline size_t 
uart_rx_fifo_available(const int uart_nr) 
{
    return (USS(uart_nr) >> USRXC) & 0xFF;
}


/**********************************************************/
/************ UNSAFE FUNCTIONS ****************************/
/**********************************************************/
inline size_t 
uart_rx_buffer_available_unsafe(const struct uart_rx_buffer_ * rx_buffer) 
{
    if(rx_buffer->wpos < rx_buffer->rpos) 
      return (rx_buffer->wpos + rx_buffer->size) - rx_buffer->rpos;
    
    return rx_buffer->wpos - rx_buffer->rpos;
}

inline size_t
uart_rx_available_unsafe(uart_t* uart)
{
    return uart_rx_buffer_available_unsafe(uart->rx_buffer) + uart_rx_fifo_available(uart->uart_nr);
}


//#define UART_DISCARD_NEWEST

// Copy all the rx fifo bytes that fit into the rx buffer
inline void 
uart_rx_copy_fifo_to_buffer_unsafe(uart_t* uart) 
{
    struct uart_rx_buffer_ *rx_buffer = uart->rx_buffer;

    while(uart_rx_fifo_available(uart->uart_nr))
    {
        size_t nextPos = (rx_buffer->wpos + 1) % rx_buffer->size;
        if(nextPos == rx_buffer->rpos) 
        {

            if (!uart->overrun) 
            {
                uart->overrun = true;
                os_printf_plus(overrun_str);
            }

            // a choice has to be made here,
            // do we discard newest or oldest data?
#ifdef UART_DISCARD_NEWEST
            // discard newest data
            // Stop copying if rx buffer is full
            USF(uart->uart_nr);
            break;
#else
            // discard oldest data
            if (++rx_buffer->rpos == rx_buffer->size)
                rx_buffer->rpos = 0;
#endif
        }
        uint8_t data = USF(uart->uart_nr);
        rx_buffer->buffer[rx_buffer->wpos] = data;
        rx_buffer->wpos = nextPos;
    }
}

inline int 
uart_peek_char_unsafe(uart_t* uart)
{
    if (!uart_rx_available_unsafe(uart))
        return -1;
   
    //without the following if statement and body, there is a good chance of a fifo overrun
    if (uart_rx_buffer_available_unsafe(uart->rx_buffer) == 0)
        uart_rx_copy_fifo_to_buffer_unsafe(uart);
    
    return uart->rx_buffer->buffer[uart->rx_buffer->rpos];
}

inline int 
uart_read_char_unsafe(uart_t* uart)
{
    int data = uart_peek_char_unsafe(uart);
    if(data != -1)
        uart->rx_buffer->rpos = (uart->rx_buffer->rpos + 1) % uart->rx_buffer->size;
    return data;
}


/**********************************************************/


size_t 
uart_rx_available(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled)
        return 0;
    
    ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
    int uartrxbufferavailable = uart_rx_buffer_available_unsafe(uart->rx_buffer);
    ETS_UART_INTR_ENABLE();

    return uartrxbufferavailable + uart_rx_fifo_available(uart->uart_nr);
}

int 
uart_peek_char(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled)
        return -1;
    
    ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE(); //access to rx_buffer can be interrupted by the isr (similar to a critical section), so disable interrupts here
    int ret = uart_peek_char_unsafe(uart);
    ETS_UART_INTR_ENABLE();
    return ret;
}

int 
uart_read_char(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled)
        return -1;
    
    ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
    int data = uart_read_char_unsafe(uart);
    ETS_UART_INTR_ENABLE();
    return data;
}

size_t 
uart_resize_rx_buffer(uart_t* uart, size_t new_size)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled) 
        return 0;

    if(uart->rx_buffer->size == new_size) 
        return uart->rx_buffer->size;

    uint8_t * new_buf = (uint8_t*)malloc(new_size);
    if(!new_buf)
        return uart->rx_buffer->size;
    
    size_t new_wpos = 0;
    ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
    while(uart_rx_available_unsafe(uart) && new_wpos < new_size)
        new_buf[new_wpos++] = uart_read_char_unsafe(uart); //if uart_rx_available_unsafe() returns non-0, uart_read_char_unsafe() can't return -1
    
    uint8_t * old_buf = uart->rx_buffer->buffer;
    uart->rx_buffer->rpos = 0;
    uart->rx_buffer->wpos = new_wpos;
    uart->rx_buffer->size = new_size;
    uart->rx_buffer->buffer = new_buf;
    ETS_UART_INTR_ENABLE();
    free(old_buf);
    return uart->rx_buffer->size;
}


void ICACHE_RAM_ATTR 
uart_isr(void * arg)
{
    uart_t* uart = (uart_t*)arg;
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled) 
    {
        USIC(uart->uart_nr) = USIS(uart->uart_nr);
        ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
        return;
    }
    if(USIS(uart->uart_nr) & ((1 << UIFF) | (1 << UITO)))
        uart_rx_copy_fifo_to_buffer_unsafe(uart);
    
    USIC(uart->uart_nr) = USIS(uart->uart_nr);
}

static void 
uart_start_isr(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled)
        return;

    // UCFFT value is when the RX fifo full interrupt triggers.  A value of 1
    // triggers the IRS very often.  A value of 127 would not leave much time
    // for ISR to clear fifo before the next byte is dropped.  So pick a value
    // in the middle.
    USC1(uart->uart_nr) = (100   << UCFFT) | (0x02 << UCTOT) | (1 <<UCTOE );
    USIC(uart->uart_nr) = 0xffff;
    USIE(uart->uart_nr) = (1 << UIFF) | (1 << UIFR) | (1 << UITO);
    ETS_UART_INTR_ATTACH(uart_isr,  (void *)uart);
    ETS_UART_INTR_ENABLE();
}

static void 
uart_stop_isr(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->rx_enabled)
        return;

    ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
    USC1(uart->uart_nr) = 0;
    USIC(uart->uart_nr) = 0xffff;
    USIE(uart->uart_nr) = 0;
    ETS_UART_INTR_ATTACH(NULL, NULL);
}


/*
  Reference for uart_tx_fifo_available() and uart_tx_fifo_full():
  -Espressif Techinical Reference doc, chapter 11.3.7
  -tools/sdk/uart_register.h
  -cores/esp8266/esp8266_peri.h
  */
inline size_t
uart_tx_fifo_available(const int uart_nr)
{
    return (USS(uart_nr) >> USTXC) & 0xff;
}

inline bool
uart_tx_fifo_full(const int uart_nr)
{
    return uart_tx_fifo_available(uart_nr) >= 0x7f;
}


static void 
uart_do_write_char(const int uart_nr, char c)
{
    while(uart_tx_fifo_full(uart_nr));

    USF(uart_nr) = c;
}

size_t 
uart_write_char(uart_t* uart, char c)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->tx_enabled)
        return 0;

    uart_do_write_char(uart->uart_nr, c);
    return 1;
}

size_t 
uart_write(uart_t* uart, const char* buf, size_t size)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->tx_enabled)
        return 0;

    size_t ret = size;
    const int uart_nr = uart->uart_nr;
    while (size--)
        uart_do_write_char(uart_nr, *buf++);

    return ret;
}


size_t 
uart_tx_free(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->tx_enabled)
        return 0;

    return UART_TX_FIFO_SIZE - uart_tx_fifo_available(uart->uart_nr);
}

void 
uart_wait_tx_empty(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL || !uart->tx_enabled)
        return;

    while(uart_tx_fifo_available(uart->uart_nr) > 0)
        delay(0);

}

void 
uart_flush(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return;

    uint32_t tmp = 0x00000000;
    if(uart->rx_enabled) 
    {
        tmp |= (1 << UCRXRST);
        ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
        uart->rx_buffer->rpos = 0;
        uart->rx_buffer->wpos = 0;
        ETS_UART_INTR_ENABLE();
    }

    if(uart->tx_enabled)
        tmp |= (1 << UCTXRST);

    USC0(uart->uart_nr) |= (tmp);
    USC0(uart->uart_nr) &= ~(tmp);
}

void 
uart_set_baudrate(uart_t* uart, int baud_rate)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return;

    uart->baud_rate = baud_rate;
    USD(uart->uart_nr) = (ESP8266_CLOCK / uart->baud_rate);
}

int 
uart_get_baudrate(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return 0;

    return uart->baud_rate;
}

uart_t* 
uart_init(int uart_nr, int baudrate, int config, int mode, int tx_pin, size_t rx_size)
{
    uart_t* uart = (uart_t*) malloc(sizeof(uart_t));
    if(uart == NULL)
        return NULL;

    uart->uart_nr = uart_nr;
    uart->overrun = false;

    switch(uart->uart_nr) 
    {
    case UART0:
        ETS_UART_INTR_DISABLE();
        ETS_UART_INTR_ATTACH(NULL, NULL);
        uart->rx_enabled = (mode != UART_TX_ONLY);
        uart->tx_enabled = (mode != UART_RX_ONLY);
        uart->rx_pin = (uart->rx_enabled)?3:255;
        if(uart->rx_enabled) 
        {
            struct uart_rx_buffer_ * rx_buffer = (struct uart_rx_buffer_ *)malloc(sizeof(struct uart_rx_buffer_));
            if(rx_buffer == NULL) 
            {
              free(uart);
              return NULL;
            }
            rx_buffer->size = rx_size;//var this
            rx_buffer->rpos = 0;
            rx_buffer->wpos = 0;
            rx_buffer->buffer = (uint8_t *)malloc(rx_buffer->size);
            if(rx_buffer->buffer == NULL) 
            {
              free(rx_buffer);
              free(uart);
              return NULL;
            }
            uart->rx_buffer = rx_buffer;
            pinMode(uart->rx_pin, SPECIAL);
        }
        if(uart->tx_enabled) 
        {
            if (tx_pin == 2) 
            {
                uart->tx_pin = 2;
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, FUNCTION_4);
            } 
            else 
            {
                uart->tx_pin = 1;
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, FUNCTION_0);
            }
        } 
        else 
        {
            uart->tx_pin = 255;
        }
        IOSWAP &= ~(1 << IOSWAPU0);
        break;

    case UART1:
        // Note: uart_interrupt_handler does not support RX on UART 1.
        uart->rx_enabled = false;
        uart->tx_enabled = (mode != UART_RX_ONLY);
        uart->rx_pin = 255;
        uart->tx_pin = (uart->tx_enabled)?2:255;  // GPIO7 as TX not possible! See GPIO pins used by UART
        if(uart->tx_enabled)
            pinMode(uart->tx_pin, SPECIAL);

        break;

    case UART_NO:
    default:
        // big fail!
        free(uart);
        return NULL;
    }

    uart_set_baudrate(uart, baudrate);
    USC0(uart->uart_nr) = config;
    uart_flush(uart);
    USC1(uart->uart_nr) = 0;
    USIC(uart->uart_nr) = 0xffff;
    USIE(uart->uart_nr) = 0;
    if(uart->uart_nr == UART0 && uart->rx_enabled)
        uart_start_isr(uart);

    return uart;
}

void 
uart_uninit(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return;

    uart_stop_isr(uart);

    switch(uart->rx_pin) 
    {
    case 3:
        pinMode(3, INPUT);
        break;
    case 13:
        pinMode(13, INPUT);
        break;
    }

    switch(uart->tx_pin) 
    {
    case 1:
        pinMode(1, INPUT);
        break;
    case 2:
        pinMode(2, INPUT);
        break;
    case 15:
        pinMode(15, INPUT);
        break;
    }

    if(uart->rx_enabled)
    {
        uart_stop_isr(uart);
        free(uart->rx_buffer->buffer);
        free(uart->rx_buffer);
    }
    free(uart);
}

void 
uart_swap(uart_t* uart, int tx_pin)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return;

    switch(uart->uart_nr) 
    {
    case UART0:
        if(((uart->tx_pin == 1 || uart->tx_pin == 2) && uart->tx_enabled) || (uart->rx_pin == 3 && uart->rx_enabled)) 
        {
            if(uart->tx_enabled) //TX
            {
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, INPUT);
                uart->tx_pin = 15;
            }
            if(uart->rx_enabled) //RX
            {
                pinMode(uart->rx_pin, INPUT);
                uart->rx_pin = 13;
            }
            if(uart->tx_enabled) 
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, FUNCTION_4);    //TX

            if(uart->rx_enabled)
                pinMode(uart->rx_pin, FUNCTION_4);    //RX
            
            IOSWAP |= (1 << IOSWAPU0);
        } 
        else 
        {
            if(uart->tx_enabled) //TX
            {
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, INPUT);
                uart->tx_pin = (tx_pin == 2)?2:1;
            }
            if(uart->rx_enabled) //RX
            {
                pinMode(uart->rx_pin, INPUT);
                uart->rx_pin = 3;
            }
            if(uart->tx_enabled)
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, (tx_pin == 2)?FUNCTION_4:SPECIAL);    //TX

            if(uart->rx_enabled) 
                pinMode(3, SPECIAL);    //RX

            IOSWAP &= ~(1 << IOSWAPU0);
        }

        break;
    case UART1:
        // Currently no swap possible! See GPIO pins used by UART
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
}

void 
uart_set_tx(uart_t* uart, int tx_pin)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return;

    switch(uart->uart_nr) 
    {
    case UART0:
        if(uart->tx_enabled) 
        {
            if (uart->tx_pin == 1 && tx_pin == 2) 
            {
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, INPUT);
                uart->tx_pin = 2;
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, FUNCTION_4);
            } 
            else if (uart->tx_pin == 2 && tx_pin != 2) 
            {
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, INPUT);
                uart->tx_pin = 1;
                pinMode(uart->tx_pin, SPECIAL);
            }
        }

        break;
    case UART1:
        // GPIO7 as TX not possible! See GPIO pins used by UART
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
}

void 
uart_set_pins(uart_t* uart, int tx, int rx)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return;

    if(uart->uart_nr == UART0) // Only UART0 allows pin changes
    {
        if(uart->tx_enabled && uart->tx_pin != tx) 
        {
            if( rx == 13 && tx == 15) 
            {
                uart_swap(uart, 15);
            } 
            else if (rx == 3 && (tx == 1 || tx == 2)) 
            {
                if (uart->rx_pin != rx)
                    uart_swap(uart, tx);
                else
                    uart_set_tx(uart, tx);
            }
        }
        if(uart->rx_enabled && uart->rx_pin != rx && rx == 13 && tx == 15)
            uart_swap(uart, 15);
    }
}


bool 
uart_tx_enabled(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return false;

    return uart->tx_enabled;
}

bool 
uart_rx_enabled(uart_t* uart)
{
    if(uart == NULL)
        return false;

    return uart->rx_enabled;
}

bool 
uart_has_overrun (uart_t* uart)
{
    if (uart == NULL || !uart->overrun)
        return false;

    // clear flag
    uart->overrun = false;
    return true;
}

static void 
uart_ignore_char(char c)
{
    (void) c;
}

inline void
uart_write_char_delay(const int uart_nr, char c)
{
    while(uart_tx_fifo_full(uart_nr))
        delay(0);

    USF(uart_nr) = c;

}

static void 
uart0_write_char(char c)
{
    uart_write_char_delay(0, c);
}

static void 
uart1_write_char(char c)
{
    uart_write_char_delay(1, c);
}

void 
uart_set_debug(int uart_nr)
{
    s_uart_debug_nr = uart_nr;
    switch(s_uart_debug_nr) 
    {
    case UART0:
        system_set_os_print(1);
        ets_install_putc1((void *) &uart0_write_char);
        break;
    case UART1:
        system_set_os_print(1);
        ets_install_putc1((void *) &uart1_write_char);
        break;
    case UART_NO:
    default:
        system_set_os_print(0);
        ets_install_putc1((void *) &uart_ignore_char);
        break;
    }
}

int 
uart_get_debug()
{
    return s_uart_debug_nr;
}

/*
To start detection of baud rate with the UART the UART_AUTOBAUD_EN bit needs to be cleared and set. The ROM function uart_baudrate_detect() does this only once, so on a next call the UartDev.rcv_state is not equal to BAUD_RATE_DET. Instead of poking around in the UartDev struct with unknown effect, the UART_AUTOBAUD_EN bit is directly triggered by the function uart_detect_baudrate().
*/
void
uart_start_detect_baudrate(int uart_nr)
{
    USA(uart_nr) &= ~(UART_GLITCH_FILT << UART_GLITCH_FILT_S | UART_AUTOBAUD_EN);
    USA(uart_nr) = 0x08 << UART_GLITCH_FILT_S | UART_AUTOBAUD_EN;
}

int
uart_detect_baudrate(int uart_nr)
{
    static bool doTrigger = true;

    if (doTrigger)
    {
        uart_start_detect_baudrate(uart_nr);
        doTrigger = false;
    }

    int32_t divisor = uart_baudrate_detect(uart_nr, 1);
    if (!divisor) {
        return 0;
    }

    doTrigger = true;    // Initialize for a next round
    int32_t baudrate = UART_CLK_FREQ / divisor;

    static const int default_rates[] = {300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 74880, 115200, 230400, 256000, 460800, 921600, 1843200, 3686400};

    size_t i;
    for (i = 1; i < sizeof(default_rates) / sizeof(default_rates[0]) - 1; i++)	// find the nearest real baudrate
    {
        if (baudrate <= default_rates[i])
        {
            if (baudrate - default_rates[i - 1] < default_rates[i] - baudrate) {
                i--;
            }
            break;
        }
    }

    return default_rates[i];
}